From fsnelson at pegasus.cc.ucf.edu  Wed Nov  1 13:14:01 1995
From: fsnelson at pegasus.cc.ucf.edu (Frank Snelson)
Date: Wed, 1 Nov 95 13:14:01 -0500 
Subject: JOB 
Message-ID: <Mailstrom.1.05.8985.-3114.fsnelson@pegasus.cc.ucf.edu> 



GENERAL AND MARINE BIOLOGY 

The Department of Biology at the University of Central Florida invites 
applications for a tenure-track faculty position at the Assistant Professor 
level starting August, 1996.  We seek an individual to teach a large 
introductory biology course for majors.  We are interested in individuals with 
research specialization in marine biology, especially the physiological or 
behavioral ecology of marine animals.  The successful candidate will be expected 
to establish an active, externally funded research program and will teach at the 
undergraduate and graduate levels and direct MS graduate students in his/her 
area of specialization.  A Ph.D. and postdoctoral experience or equivalent are 
required.  Candidates should submit a curriculum vitae; names, addresses, and 
telephone numbers of three professional references; and statements of research 
and teaching interests to:  Llewellyn M. Ehrhart, Biology Search Committee 
Chair, Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 
32816-2368.  Submissions must be postmarked by January 2 , 1996.  Florida law 
dictates that all application materials and selection procedures are available 
for public review.  The University of Central Florida is an Equal 
Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.         



From GBUCK at crs.loc.gov  Wed Nov  1 14:03:57 1995
From: GBUCK at crs.loc.gov (Gene Buck)
Date: Wed, 01 Nov 1995 14:03:57 -0500 
Subject: Nov. 6th meeting in Jakarta?? 
Message-ID: <s0977ed3.029@crs.loc.gov> 

Coral-list: 

      Anyone know the details on a Nov. 6th meeting in Jakarta, possibly to 
deal with protection of coral reefs and reef fish? 

                                                 Gene Buck, Senior Analyst 
                                                 Congressional Research Service 

  e-mail:  gbuck at crs.loc.gov 



From pdh at u.washington.edu  Wed Nov  1 14:49:01 1995
From: pdh at u.washington.edu (Preston Hardison)
Date: Wed, 1 Nov 1995 11:49:01 -0800 (PST) 
Subject: Info on Biodiversity Convention COP II 
Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.91j.951101114831.22487A-100000@saul4.u.washington.edu> 


---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Mon, 23 Oct 95 17:15:08 EDT 
From: Preston Hardison <pdh at u.washington.edu> 
To: Multiple recipients of list <biodiv-l at ftpt.br> 
Subject: Re: Info on Biodiversity Convention 


   The Second Convention of the Parties to the Convention on Biological 
   Diversity (COP2) will be held in Jakarta, Indonesia, November 
   6 - 17 July, 1995. There are two main sources of information for 
   this conference: 

   1. United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) Web Page: 
        http://www.unep.ch 
        Contains background documents, official documents from COP1, 
        the agenda for COP2, and information for attendees. 

   2. Linkages Web Page: 
        International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) 
        http://www.iisd.ca/linkages/index.html 
        Contains copies of the Earth Negotiations Bulletin for 
        COP1, and where ENB for COP2 will appear. 

   There are a few additional documents at Communication for a  
   Sustainable Future (CSF): http://www.csf.colorado.edu or 
   gopher csf.colorado.edu in the Environment/Conservation Biology 
   directory. 

   I believe that there are also some documents available from the 
   FAO Web server (http://www.fao.org, I think). 

   Preston Hardison 
   pdh at u.washington.edu 




From JCULTER at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us  Wed Nov  1 14:37:42 1995
From: JCULTER at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us (Jim Culter)
Date: Wed, 1 Nov 1995 11:37:42 -0800 (PST) 
Subject: marbio: How to conserve? 
In-Reply-To: <9511010959.AA06452@gn.apc.org> 
Message-ID: <Pine.PCW.3.91.951101105214.4255B-100000@jculter.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us> 

Dear Lloyd, 

I am sure your questions will generate many responses (and requests  
for funding).  I will offer some ideas based on our experience both  
in the U.S and overseas.  Scientists are often accused of always  
insisting on "more studies" without offering "answers" to socially  
caused environmental problems.  In defense, many of these problems  
are "new" and require new information. 

At MML we are inundated with questions from the public, wanting to  
know the causes and cures for complex problems.  Sometimes we have  
answers based on many years of data, but for many questions we do not  
have simple answers.  New problems demand new data.  In terms of  
scientific data and enviromental studies the U.S. is far ahead of Latin 
America (this is not a criticism of science in these areas, just a 
comment on the "quantity" and intensity of research). 

There is a popular notion within the conservative political elements  
of the U.S. that we have had enough environmental science, enough  
studies and that conservation is counter to economic development.   
Without arguing this point I will say this is simply not true. 

Much of the financial aid to Latin America is in the form of  
management and planning projects.  My question is; What are they  
planning to manage, and how, if the information describing the type,  
quantity and function of the resources is deficient or totally  
lacking.  Environmental science has largely been reactive, with  
systems being studied only after problems are perceived.  This  
palces a burden on the scientist to somehow determine causes and  
levels of degradarion without any reliable data on the condition in  
"the good ole days". 

The point of this is that to have a working conservation program  
today we need to know how things were working yesterday.  The  
stabilization of Central American politics is resulting in an  
increase exploitation of the coastal resources, at a rate that far  
exceeds development of scientific knowledge. 

My encouragement is for the combination of developing management  
strategies based on large quantities of sound science and data  
gathering.  Training of indigenous people is important and they must  
also be provided with the resources to continue gathering  
information after the training is completed. 

Good luck with your projects,   

Jim Culter                         jculter at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us 
Mote Marine Laboratory             voice (813) 388-4441 
1600 Thompson Parkway              fax   (813) 388-4312 
Sarasota, FL  34236 

MML is a private non-profit marine/estuarine research and 
education laboratory.  All opinions herein are my own  
(not MML policy) unless noted as otherwise. 
Invertebrates rule! 
FOR MORE ABOUT MML SEE: 
http://www.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us/research07/htm 
On Wed, 1 Nov 1995, Lloyd Timberlake wrote: 

> Greetings,    
>  
> I have a problem which I think will be of interest to most 
> of you, no  matter what your speciality.    
>  
> I am working with a new foundation which supports leadership for  
> sustainable development in Latin America. We are already funding  
> projects dealing with business, grassroots and institutional leadership.  
> We would like to develop a strategy to support leadership for nature  
> conservation. Since we "inherited" a small marine ecosystem  conservation 
> project in the western Caribbean (keys and coral), we are  looking at the 
> possibility of doing more work in marine conservation.    
>  
> My question is: Given the host of assaults today on shallow-water,  
> tropical marine ecosystems - varying types of pollution, over-fishing,  
> global warming, etc. - how does a small foundation with considerable  
> resources work most cost-effectively? Does one establish more small 
> conservation zones? Does one simply donate to a big  international green 
> NGO? Does one do policy work with Latin  American governments? Is there 
> key research which needs funding  which is not getting funding? (I am 
> afraid of getting thousands of  research proposals from this group.) 
>  
> I have spoken to a number of appropriate organisations, and it is  
> surprising how little consensus there is on how best to DO marine  
> conservation. The usual response is a rather unconvincing "Fund us."  
> Perhaps by throwing the question out to such a group, I can get  beyond 
> that.   
>  
>   Thanks in advance for your interest.  
>  
>   Lloyd Timberlake,  
> Visiting Fellow Centre for Environmental Technology, Imperial College  
> 48 Prince's Gardens, London, SW7 2PE, UK 
> Phone:+44 171 594-9286, Fax:+44 171 581-0245   
> e-mail: lloyd at gn.apc.org 
>  
>  
>  


From J.MCMANUS at cgnet.com  Mon Nov  6 14:40:00 1995
From: J.MCMANUS at cgnet.com (John McManus)
Date: Mon, 06 Nov 1995 11:40:00 -0800 (PST) 
Subject: No subject
Message-ID: <309D89FC@msm.cgnet.com> 


TO        :    Coral List 
FROM      :    ReefBase Project 
DATE      :    November 6, 1995 

We are pleased to see increasing exchange of information on bleaching.  It  
would help us a great deal to know something of the extent of bleaching, as  
in number of bleached vs. unbleached corals, aerial extent and average  
bottom cover of living corals before and after an event.  Coordinates are  
very important as well. 
We hope everyone is aware that a low level of bleaching is a normal  
phenomenon on most reefs, such that up to one percent of colonies being  
affected is not generally a cause for concern.  The same applies for  
crown-of-thorns damage, white band and black band disease.  We assume that  
all reports thus far are of local epidemics, i.e. more than a few percent of  
corals are afflicted.  Please correct us if this is not the case with some  
of the email reports. 
Please send copies of any reports involving coral reefs, including trip  
reports.  We will clearly designate the type of source material in ReefBase  
so that queries can be made at various levels of confidence, e.g. only  
reviewed papers, all formal papers, all reports, etc.  Authorship will be  
clearly indicated as well, of course. 

John W. McManus 
ReefBase Project Leader 
ICLARM, 205 Salcedo Street, Legaspi Village, 
Makati, Metro Manila, 1229 Philippines 


From marshall at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us  Thu Nov  9 12:15:40 1995
From: marshall at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us (Mike Marshall)
Date: Thu, 9 Nov 1995 09:15:40 -0800 (PST) 
Subject: marbio: Re: Diadema spawning 
In-Reply-To: <199511082137.PAA22562@smtp.utexas.edu> 
Message-ID: <Pine.PCW.3.91.951109091253.7567B-100000@marshall.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us> 


I am interested in culturing Diadema at our field station at Pigeon  
Key.  I have searched for literature on Diadema reproduction and  
development but I haven't found much about spawning techniques.   
Would the ususal echinoderm spawning stimulants work with Diadema? 



     Michael J. Marshall 
     list owner - MARBIO 

For Marbio subscribers only: 
*********************************************************************** 
To unsubscribe send a message to: <majordomo at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us> 
 containing the one line:  
unsubscribe marbio 
To receive the digest send a message to the majordomo with the one line: 
subscribe marbio-digest 

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 
  Mote Marine Laboratory              marshall at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us              
  Tropical Marine Ecology Program     941-388-4441/941-388-4312(fax) 
  1600 Thompson Parkway                
  Sarasota, Florida 34236 USA          
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""    
See our web page at http://www.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us 
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                            
Mote Marine Lab is an independent, not-for-profit research organization     






On Wed, 8 Nov 1995, Shelley Anthony wrote: 

>   One male Diadema antillarum was observed to spawn immediately after 
> handling near Lee Stocking Island, Exuma Cays, central Bahamas in the late 
> afternoon on October 26.  I am interested in hearing of any comparable 
> observations from anywhere in the western Atlantic/Caribbean.  Please 
> respond to santhony at mail.utexas.edu.  I greatly appreciate the help. 
>  
> Thanks, 
>    Shelley Anthony 
>    Dept. of Zoology 
>    University of Texas, Austin 
>  
>  


From eakin at ogp.noaa.gov  Thu Nov  9 11:25:41 1995
From: eakin at ogp.noaa.gov (Mark Eakin)
Date: 9 Nov 1995 11:25:41 U 
Subject: ICRI Active at UNEP LBS Con 
Message-ID: <n1396206129.43429@ogp.noaa.gov> 

                      Subject:                              Time:  10:20 AM 
  OFFICE MEMO         ICRI Active at UNEP LBS Conference    Date:  11/9/95 

News from the ICRI Secretariat 

ICRI and UNEP Intergovernmental Conference on 
Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities 


International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) concerns were addressed in 
numerous different ways during the UNEP Intergovernmental Conference on 
Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-Based Activities, as agreed by 
the ICRI Executive Planning Committee. 

ICRI diplomatic activities during the Intergovernmental Conference included: 

	- References in speeches by government officials and others such as UNEP 
Executive Director 

	- Luncheon seminar to introduce delegations to ICRI 

	- Luncheon seminar on the economic impacts of pollution from land based 
activities on fisheries and coral 

	- Fact sheet on coral and LBS distributed to all delegations as part of 
Conference documentation 

	- Information booth at Conference Educational Forum 

	- Diplomatic viewing of ICRI/USIA award-winning video during reception at 
The Smithsonian 

	- Side-bar conversations with numerous delegations 

U.S. Vice President Gore highlighted case studies of success in management 
coral ecosystems and The International Coral Reef Initiative as part of his 
remarks to the Ministers of the UNEP Intergovernmental Conference.  

Partnerships with the Philippines and Thailand to promote sustainable coral 
reef management (particularly fishery and tourism sectors) were linked with 
the goals of the International Coral Reef Initiative.  They were important 
examples of his principal theme:  "And the only way to stop the degradation 
of the marine environment from land-based activities, is to share the 
solutions, just as we share the oceans." 

EXCERPT FROM VICE PRESIDENT GORE'S SPEECH AT THE INTERGOVERNMENTAL CONFERENCE 
ON PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT FROM LAND-BASED ACTIVITIES 


	In the Philippines, where over-exploitation of that country's coral reefs 
has become too common, we have seen similar community-based approaches.  
Marine Management Committees, established by local villagers, have 
established marine reserves -- including a fishery breeding sanctuary and a 
surrounding buffer area for ecologically sustainable fishing.  Also, fishing 
methods that use dynamite and very small mesh gill nets (biomass fishing) 
have been halted.  The result has been an increase in species diversity, a 
greater total fish yield and sustainable economic growth. 

	And, let me cite one more example -- the coral reefs off Thailand, in Phuket 
Bay.  Because of tourism and fishing, the coral reefs are vital to Thailand's 
economy. 

	Worldwide, coral reefs are widely recognized as one of the world's 
"essential life support systems."  But, as we all know, they are in grave 
danger.  Some sources estimate that 10 percent of all reefs have been 
degraded beyond recovery and that 20 to 30 percent may be lost -- primarily 
due to human activity -- by the year 2010. 

	After the Earth Summit in 1992, the United States along with Japan, 
Australia, Jamaica, France, the United Kingdom, the Philippines, and Sweden 
embraced a major initiative to protect coral reefs in partnership with 
nongovernmental organizations, development banks, the private sector, and 
other coral reef nations such as Thailand. 

	The International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) is not a treaty, a body of 
cumbersome regulations, or a bureaucracy.  It is a framework for interested 
parties, public and private, to work together to tackle a common, shared 
problem before it gets out of hand. 

	For Thailand, that has meant an extensive campaign for public education 
which as taught the people of Thailand to give the highest importance to 
investing in their own resources.  This in turn has meant the development of 
a series of small-scale projects which have brought concrete results. 





From eakin at ogp.noaa.gov  Thu Nov  9 18:27:45 1995
From: eakin at ogp.noaa.gov (Mark Eakin)
Date: 9 Nov 1995 18:27:45 U 
Subject: Bleaching Press Release 
Message-ID: <n1396180745.69641@ogp.noaa.gov> 

                      Subject:                              Time:  5:23 PM 
  OFFICE MEMO         Bleaching Press Release               Date:  11/9/95 

The following has just been released by NOAA Public Affairs: 

__________________________________________________________ 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

WASHINGTON D.C. 20230 

CONTACT:  	Matt Stout 
		(202) 482-6090 

NOAA 95-80 
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE  11/9/95 

NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION 


CORAL REEF BLEACHING FOUND IN BELIZE FOR THE FIRST TIME 

	Coral bleaching caused by environmental stresses is threatening the Western 
Hemisphere's longest and most pristine barrier reef in Belize, as well as 
other areas of the western Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, according to 
scientists at the Commerce Department's National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration. 

	The same warm waters that spawned or strengthened hurricanes in the western 
Atlantic this year also are associated with this occurrence of coral 
bleaching. From August through October, NOAA satellites detected elevated sea 
surface temperatures spanning much of the Gulf of Mexico and the western 
Caribbean basin from Belize to Jamaica, Honduras and Venezuela. 

	Coral reef bleaching occurs when stress, such as high ocean temperatures, 
cold ocean temperatures, elevated ultraviolet light, sedimentation and toxic 
chemicals, causes zooxanthellae, a symbiotic algae living within the corals' 
tissues, to be expelled from coral, leaving it a ghostly white. Corals need 
this symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae for nutrition, health, and 
survival. Although most corals survive infrequent bleaching episodes, 
repeated or sustained bleaching events kill corals. 

	Coral bleaching triggered by warm temperatures became a frequent problem in 
the 1980's to early 1990's. In 1983, increased ocean temperatures related to 
the El Nino resulted in widespread bleaching, mortality and even extinction 
of corals in the eastern Pacific and bleaching at many sites in the western 
Atlantic/Caribbean. Subsequent El Nino events have been connected with 
bleaching in the Pacific and Atlantic, and may be related to the current 
bleaching episodes. However, reefs in Belize and many neighboring nations in 
the western Caribbean/ Gulf of Mexico region had been spared from this 
disturbance. 

	NOAA's preliminary climate predictions indicate that after the current 
(1995-1996) cold period ends, another El Nino, perhaps a strong one, may be 
on the horizon for 1996-1991. 

	In addition to remote sensing and climate predictions, NOAA has been a 
leader with other federal agencies and internationally in the development of 
the International Coral Reef Initiative. 

	The Initiative's priorities include support for the establishment of a 
global coral reef monitoring network, launched by the Intergovernmental 
Oceanographic Commission, to be able to definitively tie coral reef events 
such as bleaching to their environmental causes. 

	Reports of recent widespread bleaching of corals in the western Caribbean 
were published in the Nov. 10 issue of Science Magazine. 

### 

Editor's Note: A color image of the NOAA sea surface temperature 
map is available on the World Wide Web at http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/ 

__________________________________________________________ 
C. Mark Eakin, Ph.D. 
NOAA/Global Programs, 1100 Wayne Ave., Suite 1210 
Silver Spring, MD  USA  20910-5603 
Voice: 301-427-2089 ext. 19              Fax: 301-427-2073 
Internet: eakin at ogp.noaa.gov 



From STRI01.NAOS.LESSIOSH at ic.si.edu  Thu Nov  9 10:16:57 1995
From: STRI01.NAOS.LESSIOSH at ic.si.edu (Harilaos Lessios)
Date: Thu, 09 Nov 1995 10:16:57 -0500 
Subject: Diadema spawning -Reply 
Message-ID: <s0a24644.083@ic.si.edu> 

Right after new moon, as it is supposed to.  Look at Lessios, 
1984, Evolution, 38:1144-1148 and Lessios 1991, Jour. Exp. 
Mar. Biol. Ecol. 153:27-47 for review of this literature. 

Haris Lessios 



From andreu at msi.upd.edu.ph  Thu Nov  9 19:13:29 1995
From: andreu at msi.upd.edu.ph (Andre Uychiaoco)
Date: Fri, 10 Nov 1995 08:13:29 +0800 
Subject: N Coral database & travel funds 
Message-ID: <199511100013.IAA10657@msi.upd.edu.ph> 

Hi, we are going to start a coral database server (initially for the 
Philippines only) and want to make the data available to the world 
wide web community by search engine (e.g.    something similar to online bib- 
liographic software)...the data are summaries of benthic cover and 
reef fish abundance.  Could anyone give us hints on how to start 
making these available  ?  That is, what software we should be looking 
for.  Offhand, we think dBase for UNIX seems to be a likely starting 
place. 
Next topic, does anyone know of funding a sources available for travel 
grants for graduate students from developing countries to get to the 
coral reef symposium in Panama?  (That is, aside from funding availa- 
ble from the symposium organizers themselves.) 
Please send comments to andreu at u msi.upd.edu.ph 


From santhony at mail.utexas.edu  Mon Nov 13 17:40:08 1995
From: santhony at mail.utexas.edu (Shelley Anthony)
Date: Mon, 13 Nov 1995 16:40:08 -0600 
Subject: Diadema clarification 
Message-ID: <199511132240.QAA01919@smtp.utexas.edu> 

Hello again.  Thanks to those of you who sent helpful comments on Diadema 
spawning.  However, due to the specific nature of many of the responses I 
received, I think my message was misunderstood.  Let me clarify.  Judy Lang 
and I are interested in the culturing of, and potential reintroduction of, 
Diadema antillarum for the purpose of reef restoration ecology.  At our 
study sites in the Bahamas (where the length of the spawning season has not 
been established) they are only moderately common, so we have been 
reluctant to test animals for reproductive maturity using the usual KCl 
injection method.  Trying to predict when or for how long the urchins will 
spawn here is not necessarily a simple matter of following the lunar cycle. 
Spawning seasonality has been found to vary greatly throughout the range 
of Diadema, possibly related to other factors such as changes in water 
temperature or salinity (especially in higher latitudes where these factors 
are not as constant year-round). 

So basically, all I was asking was, "I saw a Diadema spawn in late October 
in the Great Exuma/central Bahamian area.  Has anyone else seen any 
spawning naturally (or upon handling) recently--particularly in the 
northern part of the Caribbean?" 

I apologize for the miscommunication. 

Thanks, 

Shelley L. Anthony 




From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Wed Nov  1 17:30:23 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Tue, 14 Nov 1995 10:30:23 +30000 
Subject: crown-of-thorns (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951114102935.931B-100000@coral> 



---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Tue, 14 Nov 1995 21:14:52 +1000 
From: L_DEVANTIER at AIMS.GOV.AU 
To: coral at coral 
Subject: Re: crown-of-thorns (fwd) 

Dear Aaron, 
there is a lot of information on the topics you are interested in, from 
published papers to videos - most is available through the Great Barrier 
Reef Marine Park Authority, headquarters: PO Box 1379, Townsville, QLD, 
4810, Australia. Dr. Brian Lassig or Udo Engelhart are the people to 
contact. Best of luck with it, regards, Lyndon DeVantier. 



From hendee at aoml.noaa.gov  Wed Nov 15 09:58:22 1995
From: hendee at aoml.noaa.gov (James C. Hendee)
Date: Wed, 15 Nov 1995 09:58:22 -0500 (EST) 
Subject: Summer Courses (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SUN.3.91.951115095725.3110A-100000@wave> 


---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Wed, 15 Nov 1995 09:16:49 -0800 (PST) 
From: Mike Marshall <marshall at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us> 
To: marbio at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us 
Subject: marbio: Summer Courses 


Mote Marine Laboratory is pleased to announce that it plans to offer  
two summer courses at our facility in the Florida Keys.  The two  
courses are: 1)Florida Bay/Florida Keys Ecosystems and 2) Coral Reef  
Ecology.  The Florida Keys ecosystems course will be taught in May  
and the Coral Reef Course will be offered in August.  We anticipate  
that it will be possible, as an option, to take these courses for  
credit through Florida State University. 

If you would like to receive more information about our summer  
courses please e-mail me directly at:  
<marshall at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us>.  Please do not respond to the list. 

Thank you. 

Mike Marshall 
Course Coordinator. 


============================== 

     Michael J. Marshall 
     list owner - MARBIO 

For Marbio subscribers only: 
*********************************************************************** 
To unsubscribe send a message to: <majordomo at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us> 
 containing the one line:  
unsubscribe marbio 
To receive the digest send a message to the majordomo with the one line: 
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"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 
  Mote Marine Laboratory              marshall at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us              
  Tropical Marine Ecology Program     941-388-4441/941-388-4312(fax) 
  1600 Thompson Parkway                
  Sarasota, Florida 34236 USA          
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""    
See our web page at http://www.marinelab.sarasota.fl.us 
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                            
Mote Marine Lab is an independent, not-for-profit research organization     









From coral at coral.aoml.erl.gov  Thu Nov 16 15:03:00 1995
From: coral at coral.aoml.erl.gov (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Thu, 16 Nov 1995 15:03:00 EST 
Subject: Coral Health and Monitoring Program 
Message-ID: <199511162018.PAA14899@aoml.noaa.gov> 


Greetings! 

    The purpose of this message is to announce the existence of the 
Coral Health and Monitoring Program list-server. 

    The purpose of the Coral Health and Monitoring list-server is to 
provide a forum for Internet discussions and announcements among coral 
health researchers pertaining to coral reef health and monitoring 
throughout the world.  The list is primarily for use by coral health 
researchers and scientists.  Currently, about 375 researchers are 
subscribed to the list.  Appropriate subjects for discussion might 
include: 

    o  bleaching events 
    o  outbreaks of coral diseases 
    o  high predation on coral reefs 
    o  environmental monitoring sites 
    o  incidences of coral spawnings 
    o  shipwrecks on reefs 
    o  international meetings and symposia 
    o  funding opportunities 
    o  job openings in coral research 
    o  marine sanctuary news 
    o  new coral-related publications 
    o  announcements of college courses in coral reef ecology 
    o  coral health initiatives 
    o  new and historical data availability 
    o  controversial topics in coral reef ecology 
    o  recent reports on coral research 


-- To Subscribe to the List -- 

    If you wish to subscribe to the list, send e-mail to 
majordomo at reef.aoml.noaa.gov, with the following message (only!) in the 
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the following message (only!) in the body of the text: 

    help 


-- Other Coral Health Related Information -- 

    The Coral Health and Monitoring Program has a World-Wide Web Home 
Page at the following URL: 

    http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov 


-- Problems -- 

    If you have any problems concerning the list, please feel free to 
drop a line to:  hendee at aoml.noaa.gov. 


    We hope you enjoy the list! 


    Sincerely yours, 

    Jim Hendee 
    Louis Florit 
    Philippe Dubosq 

        Ocean Chemistry Division 
        Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory 
        National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
        4301 Rickenbacker Causeway 
        Miami, FL  33149-1026 
        USA 

P.S.  The Coral Health and Monitoring Program is a NOAA service, but 
because of the current budget crisis in Washington, it could be suspended 
at any moment. 

------------ End Forwarded Message ------------- 


From CoralReefA at aol.com  Thu Nov 16 15:58:36 1995
From: CoralReefA at aol.com (CoralReefA at aol.com)
Date: Thu, 16 Nov 1995 15:58:36 -0500 
Subject: Coral slide show 
Message-ID: <951116155834_108270286@mail06.mail.aol.com> 

To the coral-list, 

Do you have slides of coral reefs that could be used in an national 
educational slide show?  If so, please read on . . . 

I am writing to you from CORAL- The Coral Reef Alliance, a non-profit 
organization dedicated to coral reef conservation around the world.  We are 
currently in the process of putting together an educational slide show and 
video on coral reefs that will be displayed at clubs, schools and other 
gatherings as a way to expand the public's understanding and appreciation of 
coral reefs.  The slide show will be packaged in a presentation kit, complete 
with background materials, so that divers, teachers and other interested 
individuals will be able to make a presentation without any previous training 
in marine biology or special knowledge of coral reefs. 

We need slides of: 
healthy coral reefs, damaged reefs, bleached reefs, images of damage being 
done to reefs (mining, dynamite fishing etc.), aerial photographs of reef 
areas (especially where you can see processes such as siltation occurring) 
and other reef-related images.  As the theme of the show is "The Underwater 
Rainbow," images of rainbows (especially over tropical waters) would be 
especially welcome. 

This is a great opportunity to have your slides shown nationally to a wide 
audience 

Each photographer will receive a photo credit in the show and a certificate 
acknowledging his/her contribution.  

Please send your slides ASAP.  The final deadline for slide submissions is 
December 22, 1995.  We can use originals or high quality duplicates.  If you 
would like your slides returned, include a self-addressed stamped envelope. 
 If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to call me at (510) 
528-2492, or send email to CoralReefA at aol.com. 

Thank you for your assistance with this important project. I hope to hear 
from you soon.   

Stephen Colwell 
CORAL Executive Director 
CoralReefA at aol.com 


From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Sat Nov  4 14:31:03 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Fri, 17 Nov 1995 07:31:03 +30000 
Subject: Lectureships - University of Melbourne (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951117072913.11591A-100000@coral> 


This position posting may be of interest to coral researchers: 

---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Thu, 16 Nov 1995 13:53:00 EST 
From: Mick Keough <Mick_Keough.Zoology at muwaye.unimelb.edu.au> 
To: Multiple recipients of list ECOLOG-L <ECOLOG-L at UMDD.UMD.EDU> 
Subject: Lectureships - University of Melbourne 

LECTURESHIPS IN ZOOLOGY 


The Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Australia, invites 
applicants with an appropriate doctoral degree to fill two continuing 
(i.e., tenurable) lectureships.  The Department of Zoology has 19 Academic 
and 14 support staff.  Research interests range from the structure and 
function of single cells through to the ecology, reproduction development 
and evolution of animals.  The department has particular strength and 
expertise in reproduction and development, evolutionary biology, 
behavioural and marine ecology, bioacoustics, invertebrate neuroethology 
and the physiology of the cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous systems 
of vertebrates.  The university is in a large city in southeastern 
Australia, and  departmental facilities include:  an electron microscope 
and histology unit, a marsupial breeding colony, molecular biology 
facilities, closed-system marine aquarium, a research boat, field stations 
on Phillip Island and at Queenscliff, several field vehicles, and 
extensive computing and multi-media facilities. The Department has a 
vigorous research programme and seeks applicants with an outstanding 
research profile.  Experience in any aspect of molecular biology is 
desirable.  The successful applicants will be responsible to the Head of 
Department, Professor Marilyn Renfree, and will participate in teaching 
first, second and third year Zoology courses;  develop active research 
programmes to attract postgraduate students, and external research 
funding. 

Lecturer in Zoology (Reference No. Y9400551) The successful applicant will 
have experience in the study of the biology of Australian Native Fauna. 
This position is available from 1.7.1996 


Lecturer in Zoology (Reference No. Y6540080) The successful applicant will 
have experience in the field(s) of animal behaviour, evolutionary biology 
or marine biology.  This position is available from 1.1.1996. 


Salary within the range $42,198-$50,111 p.a. (Lecturer). 

Further information can be obtained from:  Professor Marilyn Renfree, 
Department of Zoology.  Phone:  +61 3 9344 6259   Fax:  +61 3 9344 7909 

General information about the department and the university can be found 
on the Zoology Department's home page at : 
http://hermes.ucs.unimelb.edu.au/~U6545365/ 
or the University's home page at: 
http://www.unimelb.edu.au/ 

Closing date:  12 December, 1995. 

Applications (including the names and facsimile numbers of 3 referees) 
should quote the appropriate reference number and be sent to the Director, 
Personnel Services, the University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, 
Australia (fax +61 3 9344 4694).  Please address the selection criteria 
for both positions if you wish to be considered for both. 

The University of Melbourne is an equal opportunty employer and has a 
smoke-free workplace policy. 

============================================================ 

SELECTION CRITERIA 

LECTURER IN ZOOLOGY (Ref Y9400551) 

The following criteria will be used in selecting for the position of 
Lecturer in Zoology (Native Vertebrate Fauna). 

Essential 
1.    A PhD or equivalent qualification in Zoology or related field, and 
a high level of research productivity in some aspect of the biology of 
Australian native vertebrate fauna. 
2.    Evidence of ability to establish a research programme and to make 
vigorous efforts to attract outside funding. 
3.    Tertiary-level teaching experience and/or evidence of excellent 
teaching skills. 
4.    Preparedness to contribute to the teaching of Biology and Zoology; 
 including course design, administration and co-ordination, lecturing and 
practical teaching, assessment and advising students. 
5.    Ability to operate as a team teacher. 
6.    Preparedness to supervise the programmes of Honours and 
postgraduate students. 
7.    A commitment to contribute to the administrative and community 
interaction functions of the Department. 
Desirable 
8.    Research interests that complement those of one or more of the 
research groups in the department. 
9.    Experience in field work and/or expertise in molecular biology. 
10.    Experience in supervision of research students. 
11.    Experience in applying for and operating research grants. 


LECTURER IN ZOOLOGY (Ref Y6540080) 

The following criteria will be used in selecting for the position of 
Lecturer in Zoology (Animal Behaviour, Evolutionary Biology or Marine 
Biology). 

Essential 
1.    A PhD or equivalent qualification in Zoology or related field, and 
a high level of research productivity in the area of animal behaviour, 
evolutionary biology or marine biology. 
2.    Evidence of ability to establish a research programme and to make 
vigorous efforts to attract outside funding. 
3.    Tertiary-level teaching experience and/or evidence of excellent 
teaching skills. 
4.    Preparedness to contribute to the teaching of Biology and Zoology; 
 including course design, administration and co-ordination, lecturing and 
practical teaching, assessment and advising students. 
5.    Ability to operate as a team teacher. 
6.    Preparedness to supervise the programmes of Honours and 
postgraduate students. 
7.    A commitment to contribute to the administrative and community 
interaction functions of the Department. 
Desirable 
8.    Research interests that complement those of one or more of the 
research groups in the department.  Some preference may be given to a 
vertebrate biologist. 
9.    Experience in field work and/or expertise in molecular biology. 
10.    Experience in supervision of research students. 
11.    Experience in applying for and operating research grants. 



------------ End Forwarded Message ------------- 



From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Sat Nov  4 15:43:56 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Fri, 17 Nov 1995 08:43:56 +30000 
Subject: Upcoming ICRI Regional Workshops 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951117083927.11708A-100000@coral> 


The following information (plus more) is from Progress Report #4 of  
the International Coral Reef Initiative, and may be found at URL: 

	http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/icri/icri.html 

============ 

Upcoming Regional Workshops 

        The International Coral Reef Initiative is organizing 
workshops in all relevant regions. The schedule is outlined below: 

South Asian Seas - 11/29 - 12/3, Maldives. Contact: Ian  
Dight (UNEP-Nairobi), Phone: 254-2 622022, Fax: 254-2-622788.  

Pacific - 11/27 - 12/1, Fiji. Contact: Andrew Smith  
(SPREP-Western Samoa) - Phone: 685-91 929, Fax: 685-20231, E-mail: 
sprep at pactok.peg.apc.org.  

Red Sea and Gulf - January 1996, Egypt. Contact: John 
Wilson, (USAID-US) 1-703-875-4062, Fax: 1703-875-4639, E-mail: 
JWilson at USAID.gov.  

Western Indian Ocean/Eastern Africa - Seychelles.  
Contact: Ian Dight, Phone: 254-2-622022, Fax: 254-2622788/Jean-Pierre 
Le Danff (France), Phone: 33-1-4219- 17-40, Fax: 33- 1 -42- 19- 17 
72.  

East Asian Seas - February 1996, location to be 
announced. Contact: Reza Amini (UNEP EAS/RCU-Bangkok), Phone: 
66-2-200-1234, Fax: 66-2-267-8008 or Ian Dight.  



From niebuhr at vims.edu  Sat Nov 18 09:46:46 1995
From: niebuhr at vims.edu (David Niebuhr)
Date: Sat, 18 Nov 1995 09:46:46 -0500 (EST) 
Subject: Turbidity data base? 
Message-ID: <Pine.SUN.3.91.951118093839.29454A-100000@VS.vims.edu> 


Dear Colleagues: 

The most recent edition of "Coral Reefs" (v.14, no.3, 1995) included a  
paper by Larcombe, et al. (Factors controlling suspended sediment on  
inner-shelf coral reefs, Townsville, Australia; pp.163-171) which focused  
on the analysis of a four month measurement of SSC. 

Is anyone aware of other long-term turbidity data sets for regions associated  
with coral reefs? 


David Niebuhr 

niebuhr at vims.edu                                   804-642-7144 
                                                   804-642-7120 fax 

School of Marine Science/ 
Virginia Institute of Marine Science 
P.O. Box 1346  
Gloucester Point, VA 23062  USA 



From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Wed Nov  8 16:03:01 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 09:03:01 +30000 
Subject: nitrates on corals 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951121090149.21383C-100000@coral> 

---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Sun, 19 Nov 95 12:09:11 EST 
From: Tom Guilderson <tguild at lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu> 
To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program <coral at coral> 

For those on the list in the U.S. - 

Did anyone happen to catch the program this past week either on the 
"Discovery Channel" or "The Learning Channel" or perhaps even "NOVA" which 
dealt with the effects of increased nitrate concentration on coral health?  
I did not catch the program but learned of it from a friend. It was a 
progress report of a long term study where they are elevating the nitrate 
concentration on several small "micro-atolls" daily (they also have 
controls where they aren't doing anything).  The end result is that the 
increase in nitrate isn't resulting in enhanced blue-green algae activity, 
but a significant decrease in coral growth.  They plan on increasing the 
nitrate "spike" by a factor of 10 next season. 

If any knows of this project, I'd be interested in catching up on it, as 
well as perhaps tracking down a VHS copy of the show. 

Thanks in advance, 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
This message is from: 

Tom Guilderson 
tguild at lamont.ldeo.columbia.edu 

Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory 
Palisades, NY  10964 USA 

phone: (914)365-8411 
fax:   (914)365-8154 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 



From jlang at uts.cc.utexas.edu  Tue Nov 21 22:39:57 1995
From: jlang at uts.cc.utexas.edu (Judith C. Lang)
Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 21:39:57 -0600 
Subject: Yet another bleaching note 
Message-ID: <v01510108acd7fba61782@[128.83.113.163]> 

For those who haven't yet already heard: 
Mass bleaching (once again) has occurred around Lee Stocking Island, Exuma 
Cays on the eastern margin of Great Bahama Bank, in the central 
Bahamas---in response, we suspect, to a brief warming period during the 
second half of September.  Affected corals have been seen to depths of 
about 40m, but not at "submersible depths" (60 to 90 m) on the deep fore 
reef. 

As in previous events (1987, 1990, 1993), reef corals on a shallow (4 - 6 
m), leeward patch reef (Rainbow Gardens) were affected more severely than 
conspecifics at a nearby, shallow (3m), exposed fore reef (Normans fringing 
reef--S end).  Ambient flow is strong after high tides at Rainbow Gardens, 
while the reverse is true at Normans.  We have previously suggested (Lang, 
Lauderdale, Crawford, Dennis, Wicklund and Hayes, unpubl. Abstract) that 
the Rainbow Gardens reef is more susceptible to bleaching because it's 
relatively more exposed to the warm, saline underflows that move off the 
Bank at low tides during the summer and early autumn.  There's a 
thermograph on each reef, and the data have been downloaded but aren't yet 
analyzed, 

Judy Lang, with thanks to Ouida Meier, George Dennis, Shelley Anthony and 
Heinz Proft. 




From STRI01.NAOS.NKLAB at ic.si.edu  Mon Nov 20 17:38:20 1995
From: STRI01.NAOS.NKLAB at ic.si.edu (Knowlton Lab.)
Date: Mon, 20 Nov 1995 17:38:20 -0500 
Subject: new subscription 
Message-ID: <s0b0c6c7.046@ic.si.edu> 

Greetings, 
   I am interested in a NEW SUBSCRIPTION to this list server. I am 
currently working on Montastraea corals at the STRI Naos Marine 
Laboratory under Dr. Nancy Knowlton (full address below) and would 
like to become more familiar with coral reef research.  Thanks for 
any information you may send this way. 
   Sincerely yours, 
Jose V. Lopez, Ph.D. 
STRI, Unit 0948 
APO AA 34002-0948 
Fax: 011-507-228-0516 
PH: 011-507-228-4022 




From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Thu Nov  9 14:34:37 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:34:37 +30000 
Subject: nitrates on corals (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951122073338.13347B-100000@coral> 



---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: 21 Nov 95 11:32:35 EST 
From: Anthony J. Hooten <76260.2413 at compuserve.com> 
To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program <coral at coral> 
Subject: nitrates on corals 

Tom: 

My name is Andy Hooten.  I work as an independent consultant in the 
Washington D.C. area.  Coral reefs were my academic background, and 
even though there are not very many here in Washington, I have 
recently been doing work at the World Bank re: some conservation work 
with reefs.  I have not seen the film, but am aware of the research.  
You can get more information about the work by contacting Graeme 
Kelleher, former director of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park 
Authority.  He will probably forward contact information to you of 
the researchers conducting the study.  An address to forward a 
request to him is: 

		c/o The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority  
		Braddon  ACT 2601  
		Australia  FAX: 41-22-999-0025  

You can also possibly get a message to him through a colleague of 
his, Chris Bleakley at the GBRMPA at C.Bleakley at gbrmpa.gov.au.  

You should also be aware of other recent research by Peter Spencer 
Davies who seems to have found that NITRITE does cause rapid growth 
responses with zooxanthellae, and can certainly be transported in 
groundwater upwellings throughout the Caribbean (see D'Elia et al. 
1981. Bull. Mar. Sci. 31 (4): 903-910.) He and Francesca Marubini 
conducted research in Barbados and recently reported the findings in 
an abstract at the Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 
in Vancouver, B.C.  Week before last.  Apparently, zooxanthellae 
production went up, and coral growth rates went down.  

AJH;  
Phone/fax: 301-942-8839 / 



From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Thu Nov  9 14:35:44 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:35:44 +30000 
Subject: nitrates on corals (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951122073528.13347D-100000@coral> 


---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 17:43:49 +0100 (MEZ) 
From: Dr. Goetz Reinicke <bbi340 at aixrs1.hrz.uni-essen.de> 
To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program <coral at coral> 
Subject: Re: nitrates on corals 

Dear collegue,  

Your request sounds like the ENCORE experiments on One Tree Island. Ask  
Dr. E.A. Drew at AIMS, Townsville Australia. 

Best regards		 

Goetz Reinicke 



From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Thu Nov  9 14:33:19 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:33:19 +30000 
Subject: nitrates on corals (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951122073309.13347A-100000@coral> 



---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 16:10:26 +0000 (GMT) 
From: Nicholas Polunin <N.Polunin at newcastle.ac.uk> 
To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program <coral at coral> 
Subject: Re: nitrates on corals 

I believe this is the ENCORE project of Tony Larkum at Sydney University,  
Australia. 

Nick 

Nicholas Polunin (Dr) 
Department of Marine Sciences 
University of Newcastle 
NE1 7RU 
UK 



From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Thu Nov  9 14:35:13 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:35:13 +30000 
Subject: nitrates on corals (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951122073451.13347C-100000@coral> 


---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Tue, 21 Nov 1995 11:51:12 -0500 (EST) 
From: John Ogden <jogden at jaws.marine.usf.edu> 
To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program <coral at coral> 
Subject: Re: nitrates on corals 

This is the ENCORE experiment at One Tree Island operated by the 
University of Sydney.  Contact Tony Larkum or Ove Hoegh-Guldberg.  

John C. Ogden        Director        Phone:  813/893-9100 
Florida Institute of Oceanography    Fax:    813/893-9109 
830 First Street South               St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 



From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Thu Nov  9 14:42:37 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:42:37 +30000 
Subject: nitrates on corals (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951122074202.13347F-100000@coral> 


---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: 21 Nov 1995 14:34:58 -0600 
From: Paul Sammarco <psammarco at smtpgw.lumcon.edu> 
To: Coral Health and Monitoring Pr <coral at coral> 
Subject: Re: nitrates on corals 

        Reply to:   RE>nitrates on corals 

Dear Tom, This work is being conducted by Tony Larkum at the 
University of Sydney.  The research is being done on One Tree Island 
in the southern region of the Great Barrier Reef.  Tony is in the 
Department of Botany.  Pat Hutchings from the Australian Museum, 
Curator of Worms, Sydney is a collaborator on the project.  

 There are others as well.  I am not aware of any TV specials on the 
topic, but such wouldn't surprise me.  Australia loves making 
specials on scientific research.  Hope this helps. Best wishes, Paul 
W. Sammarco 



From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Thu Nov  9 14:44:17 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:44:17 +30000 
Subject: nitrates on corals (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951122074304.13347H-100000@coral> 


---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 08:57:10 +1000 
From: Tony Larkum <alark at extro.ucc.su.OZ.AU> 
To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program <coral at coral> 
Subject: Re: nitrates on corals 

This sounds as if it may have been a rehash of some material about 
our ENCORE programm at One Tree Island (GBR).  Are you familiar with 
the ENCORE program?  If not Andy Steven 
<Andy_Steven at quickmail.macnet2.gbrmpa.gov.au> can send you 
information.  

Prof Tony Larkum 
University of Sydney 
NSW 2006 
alark at extro.ucc.su.oz.au 
Ph  (02) 351 2069 
Fax (02) 351 4771 




From Gektidis at em.uni-frankfurt.de  Wed Nov 22 08:58:38 1995
From: Gektidis at em.uni-frankfurt.de (Gektidis at em.uni-frankfurt.de)
Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 14:58:38 +0100 (TZ=CET) 
Subject: nitrates on corals 
In-Reply-To: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951121090149.21383C-100000@coral> 
Message-ID: <Pine.A32.3.91.951122145116.69430A-100000@buff_f.rz.uni-frankfurt.de> 

Hy tom, 
this is marcos Gektidis from Frankfurt , Germany.=20 
The report probably dealt with the ENCORE - project on One Tree Island,=20 
Australia. I' m currently involved in that project. Several Microatolls=20 
on One Tree Reef are "poisoned" with an elevated nutrient level. There=20 
are N-, P-, and N plus P- injektions. The ENCORE-programm runs already=20 
since 1994 but the elevated nutrient - doses proved too small. This will=20 
be changed next year. For more information, please contact me: 
marcos gektidis 
geologisch-pal=E4ontologisches institut 
senckenberg - anlage 32 
60054 frankfurt am main 
germany 
e-mail: gektidis at em.uni-frankfurt.de 
fax: 0049 69 79822958 

On Tue, 21 Nov 1995, Coral Health and Monitoring Program wrote: 

> ---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
> Date: Sun, 19 Nov 95 12:09:11 EST 
> From: Tom Guilderson <tguild at lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu> 
> To: Coral Health and Monitoring Program <coral at coral> 
>=20 
> For those on the list in the U.S. - 
>=20 
> Did anyone happen to catch the program this past week either on the 
> "Discovery Channel" or "The Learning Channel" or perhaps even "NOVA" whic= 
h 
> dealt with the effects of increased nitrate concentration on coral health= 
?=20 
> I did not catch the program but learned of it from a friend. It was a 
> progress report of a long term study where they are elevating the nitrate 
> concentration on several small "micro-atolls" daily (they also have 
> controls where they aren't doing anything).  The end result is that the 
> increase in nitrate isn't resulting in enhanced blue-green algae activity= 
, 
> but a significant decrease in coral growth.  They plan on increasing the 
> nitrate "spike" by a factor of 10 next season. 
>=20 
> If any knows of this project, I'd be interested in catching up on it, as 
> well as perhaps tracking down a VHS copy of the show. 
>=20 
> Thanks in advance, 
> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
> This message is from: 
>=20 
> Tom Guilderson 
> tguild at lamont.ldeo.columbia.edu 
>=20 
> Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory 
> Palisades, NY  10964 USA 
>=20 
> phone: (914)365-8411 
> fax:   (914)365-8154 
> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
>=20 
>=20 


From HCESAR at worldbank.org  Wed Nov 22 16:41:55 1995
From: HCESAR at worldbank.org (Herman Cesar 85759)
Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 21:41:55 +0000 (GMT) 
Subject: fish yields from coral reefs 
In-Reply-To: 
 <Pine.A32.3.91.951122145116.69430A-100000@buff_f.rz.uni-frankfurt.de> 
Message-ID: <"B147ZWAUP1Y01*/R=WBWASH/R=A1/U=HERMAN CESAR/"@MHS> 

Dear coral-list, 

My name is Herman Cesar. I work on the economic analysis on the coral reef  
management project (COREMAP) that the World Bank is assisting with in Indonesia. 

I am looking at different threats of reefs in Indonesia (blast fishing; cyanide  
fishing, coral mining, sedimentation, overfishing) from an economic point of  
view. I would like to get data on these issues to get an idea of the costs of  
destructive practives to society and of the possible benefits of sustainable  
management of coral reefs in Indonesia.  

I have gathered quite some data on prices of fish/invertebrates, etc. and on the  
live fish trade. However I lack knowledge and data on fishery productivity on  
reefs. I am an economist and I am mostly interested in very rough figures for  
broad averages for fisheries in Indonesia/Philippines. The questions that I have  
are: 

1)	If I have a sustainable yield of a coral reef (slope), what is the  
composition (in kg.) of a maximum sustainable harvest of reef-related fish  
(including small pelagics caught on the reef slope) for areas like Indonesia?  
The categories are: 

-finfish for local consumption/local market (rabbitfish, parrots, surgeons,etc.)    
-finfish for large restaurants, (live-fish) export (groupers, Nap. wrasse, etc.) 
-aquarium fish (how many pieces?) 

2)	If I have a sustainable yield of a coral flat (corals, seagrass, sand),  
what is the composition (in kg.) of a maximum sustainable harvest of  
reef-related fishery for areas like Indonesia? The categories are: 

x finfish 
-finfish for local consumption/local market (rabbitfish, parrots, surgeons,etc.)  
-finfish for large restaurants, (live-fish) export (groupers, Nap. wrasse, etc.)  
-aquarium fish 
x invertebrates 
-sea-cucmuber 
-trochus 
-giant clams 
-lobster 
-others 
x algae 
-seaweed 
x others 

3) I take for finfish on reef slopes an average maximum sustainable yield of  
10-20 mt/km2/year for reefs with high coral cover and little stress. This  seems  
to be in line with the literature (Russ, Alcala, McManus, Yap, Gomez, etc.) from  
reefs in the Indo-Pacific (much higher than in the Caribbean). Given this  
number, what would be the MSY for reef-flats with a  mix of coral/ seagrass/  
sand? 

4) What is the time-frame of recovery of the fishery for areas severely damaged  
by blasting or by cyanide fishing? 

If you have any rough data on this for Indonesia/Philippines/etc., I would  
appreciate these very much, 

Herman Cesar 

-------------------------------- 
Herman Cesar 
World Bank (EA3AG) 
tel:    x-(202)-4585759 
fax:    x-(202)-5221674 
e-mail: hcesar at worldbank.org 


From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Tue Nov 14 14:30:06 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Mon, 27 Nov 1995 07:30:06 +30000 
Subject: Bonaire Bleaching (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951127072352.24384B-100000@coral> 


Forwarded message from Al Strong: 


---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 09:03:31 -0500 (EST) 
From: John Ware <jware1 at explorer.csc.com> 
To: strong at nadn.navy.mil 
Subject: Bonaire Bleaching 

Dear Al, You may add Bonaire to your list of Caribbean sites which are 
currently undergoing extensive coral bleaching.  My observations took 
place during my vacation from 24 to 31 October.  Local divers stated that 
the bleaching began approximately 3 weeks earlier and water temperatures 
were reported to be approximately 91 oF (33 oC).  During the period I was 
there temperatures were 84 1/2 to 85 1/2 oF (about 29 oC) with a 80 oF 
(about 27 oC) thermocline at 125 feet (38 m).  Unfortunately, I was not 
equipped to take quantitative data, the following is from my notes and 
photographic records.  In the depth range 40 ft to 10 ft Montastrea 
annularis (all forms) were bleached extensively, virtually every colony 
was completely bleached.  Some Porites porites were also bleached.  
Agarcia sp (lamarcki?) were bleached to at least 130 feet.  Siderastrea 
sidera were bleached from 20 ft to at least 100 ft.  Large colonies of 
Madracis mirabilis were unbleached and looked like islands of color in a 
sea of white.  I saw no Acropora sp bleached nor were any Milleporids 
bleached.  There was occasional, perhaps 25%, bleaching of Diploria sp. 
and Colpophyllia natans.  Some soft corals also appeared to be bleached.  
Some of the corals appeared to be recovering color but others were 
beginning to be overgrown by algae.  In addition, a small fraction, 
perhaps 1 - 2 percent, of M.annularis had developed black band disease as 
did a few colonies of C.natans.  I will return to Bonaire in January and 
should be able to compare wide angle photos before and after.  
                               John Ware 
                        Computer Sciences Corp.  
                           1301 Piccard Dr.  
                           Rockville, MD USA 
                             301 670-2268 
                            jware1 at csc.com 
























From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Wed Nov 15 20:33:01 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Tue, 28 Nov 1995 13:33:01 +30000 
Subject: Funding Opportunities 
In-Reply-To: <199511212001.UAA22686@coral> 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951128132823.16188C-100000@coral> 


Forwarded message regarding funding opportunity: 

================================================ 

From: Dr. Andy Hudson, Executive Director, CFR @ Earthwatch 
(ahudson at earthwatch.org) 

I wanted to take this opportunity to provide you and other staff at 
the Coral Health and Monitoring Program with information about field 
research grants available through the Center for Field Research at 
Earthwatch.  Please feel free to review and/or link to our home page 
with proposal guidelines and application materials at:  

http://gaia.earthwatch.org/WWW/cfr.html 

and Coral Reef Requests for Proposals at: 

http://gaia.earthwatch.org/WWW/CFRcoral.html 

Please feel free to share this information with staff at the 
Coral Health Program.  Don't hesitate to phone or e-mail me if you 
or your colleagues have any questions about Earthwatch grants 
or the application process. 

I look forward to hearing from you. 

Sincerely, 

Dr. Andy Hudson 
Executive Director 
The Center for Field Research 
at EARTHWATCH 

------------------------------------------------------------ 
Server protocol: HTTP/1.0 
Remote host: 192.233.146.253 
Remote IP address: 192.233.146.253 


From HCESAR at worldbank.org  Wed Nov 29 17:45:27 1995
From: HCESAR at worldbank.org (Herman Cesar 85759)
Date: Wed, 29 Nov 1995 22:45:27 +0000 (GMT) 
Subject: questions reef fish and invertebrates 
In-Reply-To: <Pine.OSF.3.90.951129160352.15684A-100000@thunder> 
Message-ID: <"B481ZWBBPWGNF*/R=WBWASH/R=A1/U=HERMAN CESAR/"@MHS> 

All coral list subscribers, 

Thanks very much for the many reactions. I have some more questions: 

First, I am trying to contact Mark Erdmann who has done some very interesting  
work on coral reef ecology. Does anyone know his e-mail or other address? 

Secondly, I am looking at some issues related to the poison fish trade. My  
questions are (please allow my ignorance as an economist): 

If fishermen go to a prestine untouched and unfished area, what would be the  
average biomass of groupers (especially Epinephelus spp., Plectropomus spp. and   
Cephalopholis spp.) and of Napoleon wrasses (Cheilinus Undulatus) per square  
kilometer of reef?  

What would be the average sustainable yield of these groupers and N.wrasses? 

When do they obtain sexual maturity? (At which bodyweight is that? Are groupers  
of 800 grams sexually mature?    

Thirdly, I am trying to guess the total area of coral reefs in Indonesia (e.g.  
at 20 phantom (37 m; 110 ft.). For the Philippines are have data ranging from 25  
to 33 thousand km2. I have an estimate for the whole of East Asia of around  
180,000 km2. Would 100,000 km2 for Indonesia be a good guess? 

Fourthy, does anyone know something of sustainable yield of invertebrates? I  
would like to know sustainable yield per km2 of sea-cucumbers, trochus, giant  
clams, lobsters, etc. 

By the way, if people are interested in receiving a copy of the report on the  
economics of coral reef destruction in Indonesia when it is ready and has become  
official (early next year hopefully; working paper), please let me know. 

Thanks in advance, 

Herman Cesar  


From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Thu Nov  9 14:38:45 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Wed, 22 Nov 1995 07:38:45 +30000 
Subject: Available Field Research Grants 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951122073644.13347E-100000@coral> 



ahudson at earthwatch.org (Dr. Andrew Hudson) sent the following 
comment: 

------------------------------------------------------------ 
To:   Jim Hendee, Philippe Dubosq 
From: Andy Hudson, Executive Director, CFR @ Earthwatch 

I wanted to take this opportunity to provide you and other staff at 
the Coral Health and Monitoring Program with information about field 
research grants available through the Center for Field Research at 
Earthwatch.  Please feel free to review and/or link to our home page 
with proposal guidelines and application materials at:  

http://gaia.earthwatch.org/WWW/cfr.html 

and Coral Reef Requests for Proposals at: 

http://gaia.earthwatch.org/WWW/CFRcoral.html 

Please feel free to share this information with staff at the Coral 
Health Program.  Don't hesitate to phone or e-mail me if you or your 
colleagues have any questions about Earthwatch grants or the 
application process.  

I look forward to hearing from you. 

Sincerely, 

Dr. Andy Hudson 
Executive Director 
The Center for Field Research 
at EARTHWATCH 


From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Wed Nov 22 18:16:56 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Tue, 5 Dec 1995 11:16:56 +30000 
Subject: NURC Lab on ABC 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951205111550.22892A-100000@coral> 

Forwarded from Marine Biology List-Server: 

---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Tue, 05 Dec 1995 10:26:50 +0005 
From: Andy Shepard <SHEPARD at NURC.CMSR.UNCWIL.EDU> 
To: marbio at marinelab.sarasota.fl.us 
Subject: marbio: ABCs 20/20 

On Friday December 15, ABCs 20/20 will feature an interview between  
Hugh Downs and Dr. Sylvia Earle from inside the Aquarius undersea  
laboratory, sitting at 20 meters depth off Key Largo, FL . The laboratory is  
run by NOAA's National Undersea Research Center at the University of  
North Carolina at Wilmington. Aquanauts are doing reef related  
research on the outer reef tract to depths of 40 m. For more  
information on Center support of diving research see  
www.uncwil.edu/sys$disk1/cmsr/nurcwlcm.html or call 910-256-5133. 


************************* 
Andrew Shepard 
Science Director (S. Atl. Bight/Gulf of Mexico regions) 
Natl. Undersea Research Center 
Univ. of NC at Wilmington 
7205 Wrightsville Ave. 
Wilmington, NC  28403-7224 
1-800-862-9872 
fax 1-910-256-8856 
shepard at nurc.cmsr.uncwil.edu 
************************ 


From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Fri Nov 24 18:15:27 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:15:27 +30000 
Subject: questions reef fish and invertebrates (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951207111320.6802C-100000@coral> 


These messages (two in one) are herewith forwarded: 

---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Tue, 5 Dec 1995 18:44:37 +0100 
From: HOLTHUS Paul <PFH at HQ.iucn.ch> 
Subject: RE: fish yields from coral reefs 


Herman, I have just left The Nature Conservancy's Asia/Pacific program to 
join the IUCN marine programme.  You may want to contact TNC Indonesia 
office re. the work of Bob Johannes and Mike Riepen on the life reef fish 
trade.  Re. reef recovery from damage, the short answer is 20-30 years or 
more.  The long answer depends on a lot of extrenuating human and natural 
circumstances.  There is a fair bit of literature on reef recovery which I 
hope some other respondents have referred you to. I will be interested to 
hear more of your results. Paul Holthus IUCN 

 ---------- 
Sent:  mercredi, 22. novembre 1995 22,41 
To:  SOFIA BETTENCOURT; pfh 
Cc:  Coral Health and Monitoring Program; coral-list 
Subject:  fish yields from coral reefs 



======== 

---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Tue, 5 Dec 1995 18:48:14 +0100 
From: HOLTHUS Paul <PFH at HQ.iucn.ch> 
To: "C=Ch; A=400net; P=Switch; O=switch; OU1=chx400; DDA.TYPE=RFC-822; 
     DDA.VALUE=owner-coral-list(a)reef.aoml.erl.gov" <owner-coral-list at reef.aoml.erl.gov> 
Subject: RE: questions reef fish and invertebrates 


Herman, further to my earlier e mail.  Contact Dr Bob Richmond at the    
University of Guam on sea cucumber harvest levels: richmond at uog.edu 
Please send the report on economics of coral reef destruction in    
Indonesia. 
Thanks. Paul Holthus 

 ---------- 




From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Fri Nov 24 18:13:02 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:13:02 +30000 
Subject: rejoinders 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951207110708.6802B-100000@coral> 

Greetings, 

If you have a remark to post to the coral-list in response to a message  
that was posted, please be advised that you should send your remark to: 

	coral-list at reef.aoml.noaa.gov 

which is the list of coral-list readers.  If you just REPLY to a message 
posted by us (coral at coral.aoml.noaa.gov), who are members of NOAA/AOML's 
Coral Health and Monitoring Program (the originators and administrators of 
the list), your message may not get posted right away because we will have 
to read the message, then forward it on to coral-list at reef.aoml.noaa.gov,  
which is an automated process. 

We appreciate your cooperation.  If you have any further questions,  
please do not hesitate to ask. 

	Sincerely yours, 

	Jim Hendee 

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
|                                                       | 
| Coral Health and Monitoring Program                   | 
| Ocean Chemistry Division                              |  
| Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorlogical Laboratories | 
| National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration       | 
| Miami, Florida                                        | 
| USA                                                   | 
|                                                       | 
| Email:          coral at coral.aoml.noaa.gov             |  
| World-Wide Web: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov            |  
|                                                       | 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 





From coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV  Fri Nov 24 18:19:52 1995
From: coral at coral.AOML.ERL.GOV (Coral Health and Monitoring Program)
Date: Thu, 7 Dec 1995 11:19:52 +30000 
Subject: questions reef fish and invertebrates (fwd) 
Message-ID: <Pine.SGI.3.90.951207111619.6802D-100000@coral> 


Forwarded to coral-list: 

---------- Forwarded message ---------- 
Date: Wed, 06 Dec 1995 14:29:00 -0800 (PST) 
From: John McManus <J.MCMANUS at cgnet.com> 
To: owner-coral-list <owner-coral-list at reef.aoml.erl.gov> 
Subject: RE: questions reef fish and invertebrates 


TO        :    Herman Cesar 
FROM      :    John McManus 
DATE      :    December 6, 1995 

Dear Herman, 

The area figure of 100,000 km2 for coral reefs in Indonesia is probably a 
good estimate, and one which we and others have arrived at by various, 
very crude means.  It means that Indonesia covers about 17% of the world's 
reefs (plus or minus 5%).  

The invertebrate production of reefs vary tremendously depending on 
conditions and what people gather.  A few studies indicate that the 
production might equal that of fish production in areas where many species 
are gathered.  Thus, a working figure of 15mt/km2/yr (plus or minus 5) 
might be appropriate for Indonesia, but only for shallow areas near land 
which are accessible.  Thus, what is actually harvested for invertebrates 
is less than the harvest potential, unlike fin-fisheries which are mostly 
overharvested in Southeast Asia.  Note also that octupos on reef slopes 
are often major fisheries, particularly when fish have been overharvested.  

The big problem with invertebrate fisheries is the ease with which a 
target group can be depleted.  Giant clam, sea urchin and sea cucumber 
fisheries have collapsed in many areas.  Usually the collapses occur after 
large-volume dealers arrive in a village.  We are a long way from being 
able to determine individually the sustainable yield of most invertebrate 
species on reefs, and much further from developing effective ways to 
manage such fisheries sustainably.  

Sincerely, 

John McManus 
 ---------- 
From: owner-coral-list 
To: coral-list 
Subject: questions reef fish and invertebrates 
Date: Wednesday, November 29, 1995 10:45PM 

All coral list subscribers, 

Thanks very much for the many reactions. I have some more questions: 

First, I am trying to contact Mark Erdmann who has done some very  
interesting  work on coral reef ecology. Does anyone know his e-mail or  
other address? 

Secondly, I am looking at some issues related to the poison fish trade. My  
 questions are (please allow my ignorance as an economist): 

If fishermen go to a prestine untouched and unfished area, what would be the  
 average biomass of groupers (especially Epinephelus spp., Plectropomus spp.  
and  Cephalopholis spp.) and of Napoleon wrasses (Cheilinus Undulatus) per  
square kilometer of reef? 

What would be the average sustainable yield of these groupers and N.wrasses? 

When do they obtain sexual maturity? (At which bodyweight is that? Are  
groupers of 800 grams sexually mature? 

Thirdly, I am trying to guess the total area of coral reefs in Indonesia  
(e.g. at 20 phantom (37 m; 110 ft.). For the Philippines are have data  
ranging from 25 to 33 thousand km2. I have an estimate for the whole of East  
Asia of around 180,000 km2. Would 100,000 km2 for Indonesia be a good guess? 

Fourthy, does anyone know something of sustainable yield of invertebrates? I  
 would like to know sustainable yield per km2 of sea-cucumbers, trochus,  
giant  clams, lobsters, etc. 

By the way, if people are interested in receiving a copy of the report on  
the  economics of coral reef destruction in Indonesia when it is ready and  
has become  official (early next year hopefully; working paper), please let  
me know. 

Thanks in advance, 

Herman Cesar