FISHERIES SERVICE TO UPDATE CANDIDATE SPECIES LIST

[Griffis, Roger B]

FYI Re: Changes to Candidate Species List by National Marine Fisheries 
Service
(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Dept of Commerce)

Note changes to listing of coral species.

For more information see Federal Register Notice
Volume 62, Number 134 Pages 37560-37563

"Endangered and threatened species; Revision of Candidate Species List 
under the Endangered Species Act"
_______________________________________
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE 7/14/97
NOAA 97-39             

FISHERIES SERVICE TO UPDATE CANDIDATE SPECIES LIST 

As part of the Administration's commitment to improve implementation of the 
Endangered Species Act, the National Marine Fisheries Service is updating 
its 1991 list of species that are candidates for possible addition to the 
List of Endangered and Threatened Species, the Commerce Department's 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration announced today.

"The revisions to the candidate species list strengthen the scientific 
basis of the list," said Rolland Schmitten, director of the fisheries 
service. "This will enable the fisheries service, other agencies and our 
partners in the private sector to focus attention and resources on unlisted 
species that are most likely to need help in the future if we do not act 
now."

In contrast to species listed as threatened or endangered under the 
Endangered Species Act (ESA), no regulatory protections are granted to 
candidate species. The candidate species list assists the public by 
providing advance notification that these species may warrant listing in 
the future, identifies declining species for additional management 
attention, and encourages voluntary conservation that will help prevent the 
need to ever list the species. 

An effective program for the conservation of endangered species requires a 
means of addressing species that have not yet been listed but that face 
immediate, identifiable risks. Early management options, like Candidate 
Conservation Agreements, minimize the cost of recovery and reduce potential 
impacts on land use policies in the future. In addition, as threats are 
reduced and populations are increased or stabilized, attention can be 
shifted to those species in the greatest need of the ESA's protective 
measures.

Candidate species are defined as "any species being considered by the 
Secretary for listing as an endangered or a threatened species, but not yet 
the subject of a proposed rule." Species included on the 1997 list were 
required to meet a higher standard of documentation than species on the 
1991 list. Also, candidate species' selection criteria are now more 
specific: (1) species for which there are demographic or genetic concerns 
indicating that listing may be warranted; or (2) species that are rare or 
in poor biological condition and face a high degree of threat. 

Due to changes in many species' status, the 1991 list also was out of date. 
Some species are now listed as threatened or endangered under the ESA 
(Saimaa seal, Delta smelt, tidewater goby), others have been proposed for 
listing (Johnson's seagrass, harbor porpoise). One vertebrate population 
was found not warranted for listing (U.S. Atlantic coastal population of 
bottlenose dolphin), and various other species or populations have been 
recognized as possibly warranting listing.

The old candidate species list contained 44 species, while the new list 
contains 22 species. The fisheries service removed 37 species from the old 
list for a variety of reasons. Nine foreign species were removed because 
the new list is restricted to domestic species only. The status of six 
species has changed. Twelve species were removed because the information 
currently available to the fisheries service does not meet the more 
stringent criteria. Ten coral species were removed because the information 
available indicates declines in certain populations, but not throughout the 
species' ranges (corals are invertebrates, and the ESA allows invertebrates 
to be listed on a species-wide basis only). The fisheries service added 
fifteen species that had not been identified in 1991, but meet the more 
specific criteria and higher documentation standard for the new list. 

Included in these fifteen species are six Pacific salmon species. On 
September 12, 1994, the fisheries service announced that comprehensive 
status reviews would be conducted for all populations of Pacific salmon and 
anadromous trout in California, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. This 
decision effectively classified all seven salmon species under fisheries 
service jurisdiction - coho, chinook, pink, chum, and sockeye salmon, 
steelhead and sea-run cutthroat trout - as candidate species. These status 
reviews are at various stages of completion and have resulted in proposed 
or final listing determinations for several distinct population segments of 
Pacific salmon including a final determination that the listing of pink 
salmon was not warranted.

A copy of the 1991 list of candidate species and the 1997 list is available 
to the news media by calling the public affairs office at (301) 713-2370. 
_______________
For more information see Federal Register Notice
Volume 62, Number 134 Pages 37560-37563

"Endangered and threatened species; Revision of Candidate Species List 
under the Endangered Species Act"





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