From WelchL at co.miami-dade.fl.us Fri Jun 1 08:11:27 2001 From: WelchL at co.miami-dade.fl.us (Welch, Leanne (DERM)) Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 08:11:27 -0400 Subject: Creole wrasse, coral reef mass spawnings Message-ID: <10D292F59E53D411B87300902785B0A060071F@S0550007> Regarding Creole Wrasse schools: I don't know why they exhibit this behavior, but I do know that every time I see Creole Wrasse on the reefs off of South Florida (Miami and the Keys), they are in large schools (>100 fish) hovering over the reef. Most of the diving I do is in the middle of the day, so I can't say if they are schooling more at other times of the day (you mentioned dusk). Most times I've observed this behavior, they seem to be feeding and the group is very mixed - males, females, many sizes and phases. Sorry I don't have any more information, but I hope this helps... Leanne Welch -----Original Message----- From: Julie Ekstrom [mailto:jekstrom at coral.org] Sent: Wednesday, May 30, 2001 8:17 PM To: coral-list-daily at coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: creole wrasse, coral reef mass spawnings Hi Coral list, I have two questions: 1. Does anyone know why the Creole wrasse (Clepticus parrae) school over the reefs at dusk in Bonaire, Dutch Caribbean? I haven't been able to find the reason for this behavior (feeding I assume but if that is the case then why don't all wrasses do this everywhere?) and, as far as I know, it does not happen everywhere in the Caribbean. 2. I am looking for specific mass spawning dates for coral reefs around the world. I would like to know whether synchronized coral spawning occurs in the following places and if so, when it occurs: Great Barrier Reef Caribbean Indian Ocean Red Sea Southeast Asia/Indonesia Polynesia, Melanesia, Micronesia Hawaii Cocos Island I would really appreciate any help or guidance in finding my answers. Thank you, Julie -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010601/a8a644ca/attachment.html From osha at oshadavidson.com Fri Jun 1 10:37:45 2001 From: osha at oshadavidson.com (Osha Gray Davidson) Date: Fri, 01 Jun 2001 07:37:45 -0700 Subject: Marine diseases Message-ID: <5.0.0.25.2.20010601073654.00ab2350@mail.oshadavidson.com> "Emerging diseases in marine species are sentinels of the ongoing degradation of coastal habitat, and of global climate change, environmental experts told U.S. Senators and Representatives in a briefing this week." From an interesting article at: http://www.enn.com:80/news/enn-stories/2001/05/05302001/disease_43735.asp Cheers, Osha ================================ From May 19-July 31 I'll be at: 5215 N. 24th St., #106 Phoenix, AZ 85016 Phone: 602-840-0998 After those dates I can be reached at: Osha Gray Davidson Home page: www.OshaDavidson.com 14 S. Governor St. Phone: 319-338-4778 Iowa City, IA 52240 E-Mail: osha at oshadavidson.com USA ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From scip9051 at nus.edu.sg Fri Jun 1 11:40:48 2001 From: scip9051 at nus.edu.sg (James Rolfe Guest) Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 23:40:48 +0800 Subject: Coral spawning in SE Asia Message-ID: <415039BB7DE8D011BC4600805F311E16073655AF@exs25.ex.nus.edu.sg> Dear Julie and coral-list, I can help with the one part of your second question regarding coral spawning in South East Asia/Indonesia. Actually very little is known about the reproductive cycles of SE Asian corals. As far as I know, the only observation of a coral mass spawning in SE Asia is from the Philippines in May 1981 during the 4th International Coral Reef Symposium. The only published accounts come from the Philippines and from Singapore. Bermas et al (1992) report that a number of hard and soft corals in the Philippines spawn between April and May. In Singapore Chou and Quek (1992) reported that Pocillopora damicornis releases planulae around the new moon each month. Also in Singapore, I have done histological examination of Diploastrea heliopora and Goniopora spp. I saw that D. heliopora contained very mature gametes in late March 2000 suggesting a late march or April spawning. Conversely, Goniopora spp. contained very mature gametes in October and November 1999 and 2000 suggesting an October or November spawning for that species. I have gathered some other anecdotal observations of coral spawning in Indonesia: Anambas Island: spawning of Pachyseris spp. observed in May 1996 North Mollucas: observations of Acroporids with 'ripe gonads' in September 1999 Komodo: release of egg bundles from Acroporids observed 6 nights after October full moon 1998 Here are the references that I mentioned above, plus a couple of others you should look at to find out more about coral spawning in other parts of the world: Bermas et al (1992). Observations on the reproduction of scleractinian and soft corals in the Philippines. Proceedings of the Seventh International Coral Reef Symposium, Guam. Vol 1 pp 443-447. Chou and Quek (1992). Planulation in the scleractinian coral Pocillopora damicornis in Singapore waters. Proceedings of the Seventh International Coral Reef Symposium, Guam. (abstract) Vol 1 pp 500. Harrison and Wallace (1990) Reproduction, dispersal and recruitment of scleractinian corals. In: Ecosystems of the World, Coral Reefs, (ed) Dubinsky, Z, Vol 25 pp 133 - 207. Richmond and Hunter (1990) Reproduction and recruitment of corals: comparisons among the Caribbean, the Tropical Pacific and the Red Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series, Vol 60 pp185 - 203. Best wishes, James James R. Guest Research Scholar Tropical Marine Science Institute National University of Singapore 14 Kent Ridge Crescent Singapore 119223 Tel: (65) 7787112 Fax: (65) 7749654 E-mail: scip9051 at nus.edu.sg jrguest at atozasia.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From rbourke at OCEANIT.COM Fri Jun 1 14:37:04 2001 From: rbourke at OCEANIT.COM (Robert Bourke) Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 08:37:04 -1000 Subject: Measuring growth of shape in stony corals Message-ID: <5714C6F14F12D411BDCE00A0C92ABEB02DE4CB@MAIL-SERVER> Les; I don't know of anyone who has used this approach, but it would seem that the application of fractal dimensional analyses would be quite appropriate; looking at changes in absolute size and dimensional state as the coral grows. Rugosity has often been a measure of complexity on a reef, but it is typically measured with 19th century technology - draping a chain of known link size over the substrate & then taking the ratio of (straight line distance between the ends of the chain : absolute length of chain). I'm thinking that one could develop a laser scanner that could make this measurement in-situ with much greater accuracy over a range of scales. I've got a preliminary design of such a device but haven't been able to obtain funding (or time) to actually develop it. Good luck! Bob Bourke Oceanit, Hawaii > -----Original Message----- > From: Les Kaufman [SMTP:lesk at bu.edu] > Sent: Sunday, May 27, 2001 5:00 AM > Cc: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov > Subject: Measuring growth of shape in stony corals > > Many of us face the problem of quantifying changes in both size and > shape of corals as they grow. What computational approaches are folks > currently using for the latter, the measuring of changes in colony form, > for ramose/branching species like finger and staghorn corals? > > -- > Les Kaufman > Biology Department > Boston University > 5 Cummington St. > Boston, MA 02215 > lesk at bu.edu > 617-353-5560 office > 617-353-6965 lab > 617-353-6340 fax > > and > > BUMP > 7 MBL St. > Woods Hole, MA 02543 > 508-289-7579 office > 508-289-7950 fax > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From reefcare at cura.net Fri Jun 1 18:56:37 2001 From: reefcare at cura.net (Paul Hoetjes) Date: Fri, 01 Jun 2001 18:56:37 -0400 Subject: creole wrasse, coral reef mass spawnings References: Message-ID: <3B181DA5.2B90E05@cura.net> Dear Julie, Unlike most other wrasses, creole wrasses are mainly plankton feeders. In the day time in Cura?ao I have seen them forage in large aggregations high in the watercolumn quite some distance away from the drop-off, often so far out that they are not visible when diving along the drop-off. Towards dusk I suspect that they come in to the reef to seek shelter for the night, since they sleep wedged in among the corals. As it gets darker they probably keep foraging close to the reef for as long as they deem safe before retiring, thus you'll see large aggregations (not schools, since they are not really organized like sardines, silversides or other typical schooling fish) right over the drop-off or a little shallower. This is all conjecture of course, I don't know if anyone has ever really researched the behaviour of these atypical wrasses. Regards, Paul Hoetjes Julie Ekstrom wrote: >> Hi Coral list, > > > > >> I have two questions: > >> > >> 1. Does anyone know why the Creole wrasse (Clepticus parrae) school >> over the reefs at dusk in Bonaire, Dutch Caribbean? I haven't been >> able to find the reason for this behavior (feeding I assume but if >> that is the case then why don't all wrasses do this everywhere?) >> and, as far as I know, it does not happen everywhere in the >> Caribbean. > >> > >> 2. I am looking for specific mass spawning dates for coral reefs >> around the world. I would like to know whether synchronized coral >> spawning occurs in the following places and if so, when it occurs: > >> Great Barrier Reef > >> Caribbean > >> Indian Ocean > >> Red Sea > >> Southeast Asia/Indonesia > >> Polynesia, Melanesia, Micronesia > >> Hawaii > >> Cocos Island > >> > >> I would really appreciate any help or guidance in finding my >> answers. > >> > >> Thank you, > >> > >> Julie > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From keryea at mail.nsysu.edu.tw Sat Jun 2 08:28:09 2001 From: keryea at mail.nsysu.edu.tw (K. Soong) Date: Sat, 2 Jun 2001 20:28:09 +0800 Subject: John was not joking References: <3B14DB0B.79FC822E@erols.com> Message-ID: <000f01c0ec8d$e32d13e0$8a5d758c@nsysu.edu.tw> Dear Coral List: Most environmental problems we are facing are caused by human. So, it is only logical that eliminating most human can eliminate most of the problem. John was not joking, but suggesting a solution, a hard one. The next step, following the same logic, is to eliminate people who release more than his share of CO2. I don't want to point fingers since it would be a real joke. How about a compromise: just eliminate the habit of releasing excessive amount of CO2, or produce one fewer kids, and don't live too long. Sincerely K. Soong ps. Don't hold your breath ----- Original Message ----- From: "John Ware" To: Sent: Wednesday, May 30, 2001 7:35 PM Subject: Other sources of atmospheric CO2 > Dear List, > > All the discussion between Bob B. and Debbie McK. reminded me of an > almost totall ignored source of atmospheric CO2. > > We have ~5 billion people on Earth inhaling O2 at 21% and exhaling it at > 16%. At the same time they inhale CO2 at about 365 ppm while the > exhalant contains thousands of ppm of CO2 (I think about 50,000 ppm). > > Why don't we eliminate this source of CO2??? > > John > > P.S. I should have sent this out on April 1. I hope everyone gets the > joke! > -- > ************************************************************* > * * > * John R. Ware, PhD * > * President * > * SeaServices, Inc. * > * 19572 Club House Road * > * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * > * 301 987-8507 * > * jware at erols.com * > * seaservices.org * > * fax: 301 987-8531 * > * _ * > * | * > * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * > * _|_ * > * | _ | * > * _______________________________| |________ * > * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * > * |/\____________________________________________/ * > ************************************************************** > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Charles.Wahle at noaa.gov Mon Jun 4 14:11:44 2001 From: Charles.Wahle at noaa.gov (Charles Wahle) Date: Mon, 04 Jun 2001 11:11:44 -0700 Subject: Bush administration endorses MPA Executive Order Message-ID: <3B1BCF60.A163CDE0@noaa.gov> FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Monday, June 4, 2001 (see http://www.doc.gov) Statement by Secretary of Commerce Donald L. Evans Regarding Executive Order 13158, Marine Protected Areas Washington, DC - "The Administration has decided to retain Executive Order 13158 on marine protected areas. America must strive to harmonize commercial and recreational activity with conservation. We can do both." "This Administration is committed to improving conservation and research in order to preserve our great marine heritage. It is a national treasure. It must be protected and dutifully maintained. At the Department of Commerce alone, the President's budget included $3 million in first time funding to support marine protected area activities consistent with existing law. If approved by Congress, these dollars can help us better manage this critical effort. I also plan to appoint a Marine Protected Area Advisory Committee comprised of key experts and stakeholders. The membership will include academic, state and local, non-governmental and commercial interests. The process will be open and will draw on America's great reservoir of experience and expertise. Past MPA designations like the Dry Tortugas in the Florida Keys were successful because they followed a well-planned process and secured grassroots support. The Dry Tortugas MPA offers a model for the years ahead. Conservation can be balanced with commercial and recreational activity. It is our stewardship responsibility. We will work with the Department of Interior, the Environmental Protection Agency and other federal agencies to safeguard our valuable coastal and ocean resources for the tomorrows in which we all will live." -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010604/62a673db/attachment.html -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: charles.wahle.vcf Type: text/x-vcard Size: 433 bytes Desc: Card for charles wahle Url : http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010604/62a673db/attachment.vcf From jaapk at science.uva.nl Tue Jun 5 04:05:58 2001 From: jaapk at science.uva.nl (Jaap Kaandorp) Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 10:05:58 +0200 (MET DST) Subject: Measuring growth of shape in stony corals Message-ID: <200106051222.MAA09450@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Dear Les, Regarding your question about quantifying changes in both size and shape of branching corals. In my research I am working on simulation models for growth and form of sponges and stony corals. One important prerequisite in this research is the availability of methods for comparing simulated and actual growth forms. By my knowledge there are very few methods available for the morphological analysis of organisms like corals, most methods are more suitable for the analysis of unitary organisms. Since these methods were needed for my research I have been working on a few methods: measurements based on centerlines, which you can generate by thinning algorithms and measurements based on the computation of various fractal dimensions. In J. Theor. Biol., 175:39--55, 1995 and Mar. Biol. 134:295-306 (1999) methods were published suitable for the morphological analysis of 2D pictures of branching corals and sponges. A recent paper about this topic is also published by Edward Abraham (Mar. Biol.138:503-510 (2001)). Currently we are also working on methods for a full 3D analysis of growth forms of stony corals, preliminary work on this and a overview of various other methods (for example Horton analysis) for the morphological analysis of branching organisms will be discussed in a chapter of the book (the book will be published this year): J.A. Kaandorp and J.E. Kuebler, The algorithmic beauty of seaweeds, sponges and corals, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, New York, 2001 Hopefully there is something useful for you between these publications, please let me know if you have any questions about it and if you think I can help you with this. best regards, Jaap Kaandorp Jaap Kaandorp Section Computational Science Faculty of Science University of Amsterdam Kruislaan 403 1098 SJ Amsterdam The Netherlands Phone: +31 20 5257539 / +31 20 5257463 email: jaapk at science.uva.nl fax: +31 20 5257490 URL: http://www.science.uva.nl/~jaapk/ > Date: Sun, 27 May 2001 11:00:16 -0400 > From: Les Kaufman > Subject: Measuring growth of shape in stony corals > > Many of us face the problem of quantifying changes in both size and > shape of corals as they grow. What computational approaches are folks > currently using for the latter, the measuring of changes in colony form, > for ramose/branching species like finger and staghorn corals? > > - -- > Les Kaufman > Biology Department > Boston University > 5 Cummington St. > Boston, MA 02215 > lesk at bu.edu > 617-353-5560 office > 617-353-6965 lab > 617-353-6340 fax > > and > > BUMP > 7 MBL St. > Woods Hole, MA 02543 > 508-289-7579 office > 508-289-7950 fax > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu Tue Jun 5 10:57:29 2001 From: jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu (John McManus) Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 10:57:29 -0400 Subject: Measuring growth of shape in stony corals In-Reply-To: <200106051222.MAA09450@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Message-ID: A paper in the mid-70's by Arthur Dahl described surface and volume studies of seaweeds using cylinders, cones, etc. I was able to determine differences in surface area of corals several years ago by dipping pieces in latex paint and determining how much paint they picked up by comparing weights before and after (unpublished). In seeking a less damaging approach, I noticed that a method will be described in the upcoming SIGGRAPH Conference for obtaining data on 3D objects using cameras http://helios.siggraph.org/s2001/ -- on land, of course, but perhaps a good start toward an underwater approach. John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov] On Behalf Of Jaap Kaandorp Sent: Tuesday, June 05, 2001 4:06 AM To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Measuring growth of shape in stony corals Dear Les, Regarding your question about quantifying changes in both size and shape of branching corals. In my research I am working on simulation models for growth and form of sponges and stony corals. One important prerequisite in this research is the availability of methods for comparing simulated and actual growth forms. By my knowledge there are very few methods available for the morphological analysis of organisms like corals, most methods are more suitable for the analysis of unitary organisms. Since these methods were needed for my research I have been working on a few methods: measurements based on centerlines, which you can generate by thinning algorithms and measurements based on the computation of various fractal dimensions. In J. Theor. Biol., 175:39--55, 1995 and Mar. Biol. 134:295-306 (1999) methods were published suitable for the morphological analysis of 2D pictures of branching corals and sponges. A recent paper about this topic is also published by Edward Abraham (Mar. Biol.138:503-510 (2001)). Currently we are also working on methods for a full 3D analysis of growth forms of stony corals, preliminary work on this and a overview of various other methods (for example Horton analysis) for the morphological analysis of branching organisms will be discussed in a chapter of the book (the book will be published this year): J.A. Kaandorp and J.E. Kuebler, The algorithmic beauty of seaweeds, sponges and corals, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, New York, 2001 Hopefully there is something useful for you between these publications, please let me know if you have any questions about it and if you think I can help you with this. best regards, Jaap Kaandorp Jaap Kaandorp Section Computational Science Faculty of Science University of Amsterdam Kruislaan 403 1098 SJ Amsterdam The Netherlands Phone: +31 20 5257539 / +31 20 5257463 email: jaapk at science.uva.nl fax: +31 20 5257490 URL: http://www.science.uva.nl/~jaapk/ > Date: Sun, 27 May 2001 11:00:16 -0400 > From: Les Kaufman > Subject: Measuring growth of shape in stony corals > > Many of us face the problem of quantifying changes in both size and > shape of corals as they grow. What computational approaches are folks > currently using for the latter, the measuring of changes in colony form, > for ramose/branching species like finger and staghorn corals? > > - -- > Les Kaufman > Biology Department > Boston University > 5 Cummington St. > Boston, MA 02215 > lesk at bu.edu > 617-353-5560 office > 617-353-6965 lab > 617-353-6340 fax > > and > > BUMP > 7 MBL St. > Woods Hole, MA 02543 > 508-289-7579 office > 508-289-7950 fax > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Pickering_T at usp.ac.fj Tue Jun 5 17:22:02 2001 From: Pickering_T at usp.ac.fj (Tim Pickering) Date: Wed, 6 Jun 2001 09:22:02 +1200 Subject: Measuring growth of shape in stony corals Message-ID: <3B1DF63A.27419.296326AD@localhost> Dear Coral Listers I am following this thread about measurement of coral growth with interest. My MSc student Kalo Pakoa wants to compare growth of corallimorphs (Discosoma) cultivated under different conditions. Corallimorphs are relatively simple in that the discs can be regarded as a 2-D shape and area measured by digital photography or even its diameter directly by vernier if one gets the measurement quickly before touching the organism. However corallimorphs and soft corals have an additional problem not faced by researchers of hard corals - their morphology is quite plastic. Under different lighting conditions, corallimorphs will change their shape, eg become flattened out, or form a trumpet shape. The same crittur can thus have different sizes under different lighting, which makes it hard to compare the effect of light on growth. I know Simon Ellis in Poehnpei has adopted an approach of "harrassing" a soft coral until it shrinks down to a "standard size", then measuring it. Has anyone else faced this problem, and found ways to overcome it? Tim Pickering The University of the South Pacific ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From reefkeeper at earthlink.net Tue Jun 5 22:17:12 2001 From: reefkeeper at earthlink.net (Alexander Stone) Date: Tue, 05 Jun 2001 22:17:12 -0400 Subject: Is it true??? Message-ID: <3B1E3722.1874@earthlink.net> Dear All, Is it true that "a 1991 bleaching event killed 25% of the Acropora corals around French Polynesia"? Is it true that "the 1997-98 El Nino killed 70% of all corals in the Indian Ocean"? I am checking these percentages for an op-ed article I am reviewing. Thanks for the help, Alexander Stone ReefKeeper International ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From tdone at aims.gov.au Wed Jun 6 19:24:56 2001 From: tdone at aims.gov.au (Terry Done) Date: Thu, 07 Jun 2001 09:24:56 +1000 Subject: Message for ISRS Members Message-ID: <4.3.2.7.2.20010607083339.00c19e60@email.aims.gov.au> Coral Reefs I am happy to say that Volume 19(4) of Coral Reefs is now in the mail, and I apologize to members for delay, and thank you for your patience. For those new members who paid in Bali to commence membership in 2001, we still hope that you will receive all four issues of Volume 20 this calendar year. Dick Dodge and his editorial team are working hard with publisher Springer Verlag to bring this about. Best wishes, Terry Done President International Society for Reef Studies Dr Terry Done Leader Sustaining Living Marine Resources Project Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB #3 Mail Centre, Townsville Qld 4810 Australia Phone 61 7 47 534 344 Fax 61 7 47 725 852 email: tdone at aims.gov.au WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From b.fitzpatrick at aims.gov.au Thu Jun 7 00:09:12 2001 From: b.fitzpatrick at aims.gov.au (Ben Fitzpatrick) Date: Thu, 07 Jun 2001 14:09:12 +1000 Subject: AIMS monitoring news Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.20010607140912.007bb170@email.aims.gov.au> Hi to all those interested Marine Scientists, Here is a short note on the latest Australian Institute of Marine Science Long-Term Monitoring trip, conducted on the Great Barrier Reef between the 1st ? 16th May, 2001. During this latest trip the team, among other tasks documented incidence of coral mortality. In the Townsville sector we completed manta tow surveys on nine reefs, with Rib Reef and John Brewer Reef supporting large populations of COTS and classified as actively outbreaking. Five reefs in the Cape Upstart sector were also surveyed with low numbers of COTS recorded on Jacqueline Reef and Bowden Reef, while five reefs in the Whitsunday sector were surveyed with juvenile COTS found on two reefs in very low abundances. A comprehensive summary of this data can be obtained from our monitoring webpage. Further, interesting photos of coral mortality/diseases encountered are also included. http://www.aims.gov.au/pages/research/reef-monitoring/ltm/ltm20010500-gbr.html The results of detailed benthic video, fish visual census and vectors of coral mortality (SCUBA search) surveys, completed on nine reefs in the Townsville sector and two reefs in the Whitsunday sector, will be available within the next Long-Term Monitoring of the Great Barrier Reef Status Report. Prior issues of this are available upon request. Any questions or comments are greatly appreciated as too would any correspondence with regards to incidence of coral mortality/disease on coral reefs that others may have encountered recently. Looking forward to hearing from you all, Regards, Ben. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From fazapata at zoology.up.ac.za Thu Jun 7 05:20:54 2001 From: fazapata at zoology.up.ac.za (FA Zapata) Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 11:20:54 +0200 Subject: Message for ISRS Members In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010607083339.00c19e60@email.aims.gov.au> Message-ID: <000301c0ef33$281ccac0$3154d789@up.ac.za> Dear Coral listers and ISRS memebers, Knowing that I may be entering rough waters, with all due respect to Dr. Done and ISRS members, and not knowing what kind of problems are causing the delay in the publication of Coral Reefs and what sort of negotiations are being worked out with Springer-Verlag, isn't it perhaps time to re-evaluate how the society should publish its journal (Coral Reefs)? If we think about the primary purpose of the journal as a means of communicating our research findings, shouldn't we consider alternative options? For one, with the current ease and relatively much lower cost of publication on electronic media and widespread access to the internet, shouldn't we consider the option of publishing the journal online based on the ISRS web page with free access to the full text of papers but without losing the rigour of peer review and high quality of the papers? Some of you may be aware of the current debate on the future of scientific publishing (see for instance http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/index.html ). Maybe it is time that we ISRS members debate the future of our society's journal as well. As an ISRS member from a less-developed country, I regularly experience the frustration of not having access to the primary literature because of its incredibly high cost. While Coral Reefs has been exceptional to some extent in this regard (although many students in less developed countries cannot afford to subscribe to the journal), many other journals are completely out of reach due to their high cost. For instance, my university has never had subscriptions to some of these journals, or has cancelled its subscritptions because could not afford them any more. I imagine that similar situations occur at other institutions throughout the third world. Since most coral reefs are in third-world countries, I would think that it is in the interest of the society to provide access to its journal to scientists, managers, policy makers, and students in these countries. Perhaps the ISRS could set an example for other scientific societies. Just some food for thought. Fernando A. Zapata Dpto. de Biologia Universidad del Valle Cali, Colombia On leave at: Department of Zoology and Entomology University of Pretoria Pretoria 0002 South Africa Ph. (+ 27-12) 420-4611 Fax. (+ 27-12) 362-5242 E-Mail: fazapata at zoology.up.ac.za -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Terry Done Sent: Thursday, June 07, 2001 1:25 AM To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: Message for ISRS Members Coral Reefs I am happy to say that Volume 19(4) of Coral Reefs is now in the mail, and I apologize to members for delay, and thank you for your patience. For those new members who paid in Bali to commence membership in 2001, we still hope that you will receive all four issues of Volume 20 this calendar year. Dick Dodge and his editorial team are working hard with publisher Springer Verlag to bring this about. Best wishes, Terry Done President International Society for Reef Studies Dr Terry Done Leader Sustaining Living Marine Resources Project Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB #3 Mail Centre, Townsville Qld 4810 Australia Phone 61 7 47 534 344 Fax 61 7 47 725 852 email: tdone at aims.gov.au WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Gilles.Hosch at fao.org Thu Jun 7 10:41:58 2001 From: Gilles.Hosch at fao.org (Hosch, Gilles (FAORAF)) Date: Thu, 07 Jun 2001 14:41:58 +0000 Subject: a coral reef off the ghanaian coast? Message-ID: dear coral listers, is anyone aware of an aledgedly small coral reef outcrop off the western part of the ghanaian coast around cape three points? its existence has apparently been reported in a publication dating back to 1935 (of which i do not have the details), and i have been told that coral detritus stemming from hermatypic corals can be found on the beaches around a place called "busua beach", just east of cape three points. coordinates would be in the order of 4deg 30' N and 2deg W. any feedback will be most appreciated. g ---------------------------------------------------- Gilles Hosch Associate Fisheries Officer FAO Regional Office for Africa PO Box 1628 Accra, Ghana tel +233 21 7010930 fax +233 21 7010943 mob+233 24 284793 url http://www.fao.org/fi/default.asp ---------------------------------------------------- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From brumba at amnh.org Thu Jun 7 11:51:30 2001 From: brumba at amnh.org (Daniel Brumbaugh) Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 11:51:30 -0400 Subject: job ad: marine biodiversity assistant, AMNH Message-ID: Apologies for the cross-postings!!! Please forward to anyone who might be interested. Thanks very much! Biodiversity Assistant Marine Program Center for Biodiversity and Conservation The Center for Biodiversity and Conservation of the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) seeks a person with training and experience in marine biology and conservation. The Biodiversity Assistant will assist with the development and implementation of the Center's marine research and conservation projects, currently focusing on the Bahamas and spanning the areas of systematics, benthic habitat mapping, and integrated biophysical-socioeconomic analysis in support of marine reserve design. The position is for one year with the possibility of annual renewals. Qualifications Those with interest and experience in integrating science and policy, especially with respect to Caribbean marine conservation, are particularly encouraged to apply. Candidates must (1) have a Masters degree or a B.A./B.S. with at least 1 year of experience in one or more relevant marine fields: conservation biology, ecology, evolutionary biology, systematics, fisheries, cultural anthropology, biology-related remote sensing, or geography/GIS; (2) be able to work well on multiple projects, both independently and collaboratively with other investigators, and in both field and laboratory settings; and (3) communicate well in writing and orally. Further experience with proposal, report, and manuscript writing, budget management, and community outreach & informal environmental education will be important assets as well. Responsibilities and Duties Principle program tasks will include a mix of expedition planning and field work (including SCUBA and small boat operation), specimen management, laboratory analyses (both morphological and molecular), participation in various outreach efforts, report and manuscript co-authorship, and budget management (note that the specific mix of these activities will vary across seasons and years). In addition, the Biodiversity Assistant will collaboratively assist with other Center events and initiatives as needed. Applications, including a current curriculum vitae, a narrative statement of experience and program interests, and the names and addresses of three references should be sent to: Marine Program Manager Center for Biodiversity and Conservation American Museum of Natural History Central Park West at 79th Street NY, NY 10024 brumba at amnh.org Electronic applications are encouraged; all applications must be submitted by July 15, 2001 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010607/bf53eee7/attachment.html From brumba at amnh.org Thu Jun 7 17:51:26 2001 From: brumba at amnh.org (Daniel Brumbaugh) Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 17:51:26 -0400 Subject: Conservation curriculum materials development: please forward! Message-ID: Apologies for the cross-postings. Please forward to anyone who might be interested. Thanks. Development of Integrated Conservation Biology Curriculum Materials for Tropical Countries A largely unappreciated dimension of the biodiversity crisis is that in tropical countries, where most of the world's biota resides, comprehensive training opportunities for conservation biologists are limited. An important root of the problem is a lack of relevant training materials in an appropriate language of instruction, particularly at the university level. To address the issue, we are undertaking an effort to develop an integrated set of conservation biology training materials useful at the undergraduate, graduate, and professional levels for universities in tropical countries. This collective effort is being overseen by the Center for Biodiversity and Conservation at the American Museum of Natural History, in cooperation with the Education Committee of the Society for Conservation Biology. The goal is to generate for each of a broad range of topics in conservation biology: (1) an expert summary of a topic or an annotated bibliography of relevant summaries; (2) a collection of the original scientific literature for each topic; (3) a set of easily modified visual presentations for use in lectures; and (4) an extensive problem-solving exercise. Materials will be translated into the language of instruction for a particular locale, starting with Spanish, French, Vietnamese, and English. All materials will be freely available to any party via the internet and will be distributed as needed in other formats for people not currently able to gain access to the internet. We will regularly upload new modules to the web site, which will be designed in an interactive format that allows teachers using the modules to make comments or modifications based on their experiences in the classroom. For more information on the materials, please see our preliminary web site: http://research.amnh.org/biodiversity/programs/curriculum Most conservation biologists have at some point in their careers developed or encountered non-copyrighted materials that could contribute to this effort. Those working in conservation agencies as well as educators in particular may have useful materials. After looking over the preliminary list of topics assembled below, might you have something to contribute? We are specifically looking for course materials, written exercises, lectures and presentations, and other source material that could be adapted, with your permission and preferably with your assistance and guidance, to become a component of this integrated curriculum effort. Premium materials will be those already piloted and implemented in developing countries. If you have comments, contributions, or suggestions, please email us at: biodiversity2 at amnh.org. PRELIMINARY TOPIC LIST *************************** THE HUMAN CONTEXT Human evolutionary history Human consumption of natural resources Human population growth Population and consumption: interactions and inequalities Human health and biodiversity Indigenous knowledge/Ethnobiology Envisioning the future: depicting alternative scenarios Land tenure/ownership PRINCIPLES OF CONSERVATION BIOLOGY What is biological diversity? How many species are there? Where is the world's biodiversity? Historical perspectives on extinction and the current situation Ecological consequences of extinctions Valuing biodiversity The history and philosophy of conservation biology and definition of terms Microevolutionary processes: genetic drift, natural selection and local divergence Macroevolution: essentials of systematics and taxonomy Animal demography Plant demography Small population phenomena Harvested populations Metapopulations Synergies and species linkages Natural communities in space and time Processes and functions of ecological systems Landscape ecology Biogeography THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY Overview of threats to biodiversity Habitat loss, fragmentation and degradation Biological invasions Pollution Over-harvesting Climate change Disease CONSERVATION RESEARCH Defining goals and objectives Designing successful research projects Elements of sampling Sampling to determine presence/absence Estimating population size: plots Estimating population size: incomplete counts Estimating species diversity Estimating survival and reproductive rates Statistics and hypotheses Designing experiments to identify causes of declines Studying interactions and identifying synergisms Applying deterministic population models Applying stochastic population models Delineating ecosystems Monitoring and adaptive management Landscape modeling: integrating ecological and economic processes Conservation genetics Biotechnology ECOLOGICAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT Measuring habitat requirements Measuring diets Collecting plants Collecting vertebrates Collecting invertebrates Monitoring herbaceous plants Monitoring trees Monitoring birds Monitoring mammals Monitoring reptiles and amphibians Monitoring fishes Monitoring invertebrates Monitoring the physical environment Monitoring human activities Monitoring landscapes and ecological processes CONSERVATION PLANNING Planning at different scales Defining goals and objectives Defining the political context Defining the social context Understanding the historical context Prioritizing species Prioritizing ecosystems Prioritizing sites Prioritizing across scales Creating a reserve system: Zoning and land-use planning Conservation options for non-protected areas Environmental impact assessment Writing a site management plan Writing a species recovery plan Integrated monitoring for program assessment Ecological economics MANAGING FOR CONSERVATION Management decisions in a context of uncertainty Elements of adaptive management Threats assessment Threat abatement Prioritizing scarce resources Local community involvement in planning Enforcement of conservation laws Endangered species management Animal reintroductions Plant reintroductions Controlling exotic animals Controlling exotic plants Managing disease Controlling habitat fragmentation Managing ecotourism Zoos, aquaria, and captive management Botanical gardens and arboreta Seed banks HABITAT-SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT Wetland management and restoration Lake management and restoration Stream management and restoration Reef/coastal management and restoration Marine and coastal management and restoration Deepwater marine systems Dry forest management and restoration Wet forest management and restoration Alpine zone management and restoration Grassland and shrubland management and restoration SUSTAINABILITY Estimating sustainable harvest for animals Estimating sustainable harvest for plants Sustainable natural resource management Natural resource accounting SKILLS IN COMMUNICATING ABOUT CONSERVATION How to find useful technical information How to write a scientific paper or report How to write a proposal for a research grant Useful translations of conservation terminology How to give a technical lecture How to make a useful identification guide How to give an effective presentation Understanding maps, scales and figures CONSERVATION EDUCATION Educating consumers about their implications for society and ecology Mobility and erosion of a sense of place Discussing human reproduction and its implications for biodiversity and society Communicating the value of biodiversity Mentoring and assessment Community outreach/extension Partnering with educators to enhance conservation education CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS Conservation organizations: who they are and what they do Elements of effective conservation organizations Leadership Managing personnel Ethics and professionalism Strategic planning How to hold productive meetings Raising funds Managing funds Generating publicity Building capacity Program evaluation CONSERVATION POLITICS International agreements pertaining to biodiversity Historical precedents for conservation Trends in trade and resource use change Managing the 'commons' Country-specific laws pertaining to biodiversity Elements of effective regulations Economic instruments Modes of governance Conflict resolution Organizing stakeholders Property rights Politics of community resource management PEDAGOLOGICAL ISSUES Guidelines for effective use of these modules Student-active/inquiry-driven/participatory teaching techniques Classroom assessment techniques -- Dr. Eleanor J. Sterling Director Center for Biodiversity and Conservation American Museum of Natural History Central Park West at 79th St. New York, NY 10024 E-mail: biodiversity2 at amnh.org http://research.amnh.org/biodiversity -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010607/ed85d911/attachment.html From rutabaga at pacwan.fr Fri Jun 8 12:16:11 2001 From: rutabaga at pacwan.fr (Jacques Laborel) Date: Fri, 8 Jun 2001 17:16:11 +0100 Subject: Ghanean reefs? Message-ID: Dear Gilles Answering your mail : it seems important to use SCUBA, buddy diver and boat on these coasts : surveying and sampling are somewhat difficult in apnea, except in places were visibility is OK As for coral fauna, there are few true "coral fishes" and the fish fauna is that which was described by all classical books on west african coasts: blue tangs, groupers and snappers are (were?) common but very few butterfly fishes. Coral reef fish fauna begins to be noticeable in the offshore islands (Principe, Sao Tome and Annobon, with a clear west indian composition and a few endemics (a new species of Clepticus was recently described from Annobon). Good luck Dear Gilles Although there are no signs of true coral reef growth on the coasts of Ghana, I had the opportunity to make a limited underwater survey ofwest african corals including the Capes 3 points region in 1969-71. LABOREL J., 1974. West african reef corals, an hypothesis on their origin. Proc. Second Interntl. Sympos. on coral reefs. Brisbane, 1, : 425-443. I can send you a photocopy of that paper and I shall be pleased to give you a few extra details about the ghanean coasts. I remember in particular of the shallow west side of the point bearing the lighthouse, in front of the village of Beyin (sorry if that name is not written correectly!) in depths of 5-8 metres, where large slabs of rock were covered by a remarkable development of Schizoculina fissipara (flattened ecomorph), sometimes about associated with a few other species such as Porites bernardi and Siderastrea cf radians. Same facies was observed in a second dive slightly offshore in about 20m water. Water was relatively clear, in opposition to the other face of the cape where we dived in pea-soup and coral life was reduced to ahermatypic Dendrophyllia with some Gorgonians... ( "Reine-Pokou", December 16 and 171970) I also had the opportunity to make several similar dives in March 1970: in front of Tema harbour : two dives10 and 20 m a few miles east of Tema (Vernon Bank, Kpone Bay), 10 metres and whe had more orless the same ting: sparse colonies of flat to sub-branching Schizoculina covering slanting ledges of drowned beach rocks or sometimes lateritic rock. Underwater photography was generally very difficult in reason of the limited clearness (to say it politely) of the water. I think that what was called reefs before diving was commonplace are in fact old beach rock ledges covered by a scarce growth of coral colonies, Schizoculina fissipara being the dominant species That important complex of Holocene sandstone formations surround the shoreline from Cape palms to Cate three Points), they have been well investigated by several french geologists such as Jean Pierre TASTET : tastet at geocean.u-bordeaux.fr, and Louis MARTIN. Out of Ghana, the Bay of Gabon, near Libreville near Cape Esterias and the coasts of Equatorial Guinea display beautiful coral populations (slightly richer) but always without any reef building...The only true reef building I observed during the three years of my survey was a 10m wide patch of Montastrea cavernosa near the landing place in Anobon Island. I hope you'll have the opportunity to discover new and interesting formations. Yours truly Jacques Laborel Dives were done thanks to a boat of the University of Ghana (diving with me were Dr. J. Pople, zoologist and Dr David John, at that time a botanist at Legon University) surveydear coral listers, > >is anyone aware of an aledgedly small coral reef outcrop off the western >part of the ghanaian coast around cape three points? its existence has >apparently been reported in a publication dating back to 1935 (of which i do >not have the details), and i have been told that coral detritus stemming >from hermatypic corals can be found on the beaches around a place called >"busua beach", just east of cape three points. coordinates would be in the >order of 4deg 30' N and 2deg W. > >any feedback will be most appreciated. > >g > >---------------------------------------------------- >Gilles Hosch >Associate Fisheries Officer >FAO Regional Office for Africa >PO Box 1628 >Accra, Ghana > >tel +233 21 7010930 >fax +233 21 7010943 >mob+233 24 284793 > >url http://www.fao.org/fi/default.asp >---------------------------------------------------- > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. Jacques & Francoise Laborel Chemin des grands Bassins,13600 La Ciotat, France tel. (33) 04 42 83 60 32 fax. (33) 04 42 71 81 68 e-mail : rutabaga at pacwan.fr visitez nous sur http://www.jardinesperance.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From sthacher at igc.org Sun Jun 10 13:03:09 2001 From: sthacher at igc.org (Shaw Thacher - IGC/Earthlink) Date: Sun, 10 Jun 2001 13:03:09 -0400 Subject: Message for ISRS Members Message-ID: <00c601c0f1cf$39d8aec0$4b219c8d@2q1cd01> Dear Coral listers, Not being an ISRS member, I strongly encourage consideration of this proposition. The potential value of the public having direct on-line access to precisely this type of information cannot be over-estimated. If you want to increase your society's contribution, help people to inform, educate and cultivate themselves. sincerely, regards, Shaw Thacher Shaw Thacher, Project Manager Atlantic CoastWatch Sustainable Development Institute 3121 South St., NW Washington, DC 20007 www.susdev.org www.atlanticcoastwatch.org www.dcenvironmentalfilmfest.org ----- Original Message ----- From: "FA Zapata" To: "'Terry Done'" ; Sent: Thursday, June 07, 2001 5:20 AM Subject: RE: Message for ISRS Members > Dear Coral listers and ISRS memebers, > > Knowing that I may be entering rough waters, with all due respect to Dr. > Done and ISRS members, and not knowing what kind of problems are causing the > delay in the publication of Coral Reefs and what sort of negotiations are > being worked out with Springer-Verlag, isn't it perhaps time to re-evaluate > how the society should publish its journal (Coral Reefs)? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010610/f0c4d29c/attachment.html From ereese at hawaii.edu Fri Jun 8 14:58:55 2001 From: ereese at hawaii.edu (Ernie Reese) Date: Fri, 08 Jun 2001 18:58:55 +0000 Subject: butterflyfish Message-ID: <200106111048.KAA04017@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Dear Colleagues, We have read with interest the discussion that was initiated by the May 19, 2001 posting by Dr. Gomelyuk related to our butterflyfish indicator species methodology (Crosby and Reese 1996; download-able from http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/themes/butterfl.pdf). Apologies for not being able to provide input to this discussion in a more timely manner. Hopefully, this interesting and useful discussion can continue and be expanded (either on the coral listserver, or off-line between all directly interested parties). Over the last few years, we have interacted with nearly 100 different researchers, non-government environmental groups, and government agency representatives from around the world who have either used our methods (sometimes with interesting modifications) or were interested in using the method for various different end goals. In partial response, we have conducted a number of training workshops throughout the Hawaiian Islands, Saipan, American Samoa and Guam, with more planned in the near future in other regions of the Indo-Pacific (i.e., in the Middle East later this month). During last years ICRI Pacific Regional Symposium and Workshops in Noumea, an ad hoc group convened an informal meeting under the auspices of our host, Dr. Michel Kulbicki (ORSTOM), to discuss the potential for a) convening an international symposium and workshop on the use of butterflyfish as indicators of change in coral reef ecosystems, and b) developing a coordinated database for those who are actively utilizing some form of our monitoring method. There was unanimous support for both steps to occur, but no source of financial support has yet been identified to mak= e either a reality. It is clear that there is significant interest in the utilization of butterflyfish as indicators of change in the condition (some may read this as "health") of coral reef habitats. The recent discussion on this topic that was initiated on the coral listserver reiterates this interest (as wel= l as the continued value of the coral listserver for encouraging discussion and debate of various issues related to coral reefs =AD Jim Hendee continues to deserve major kudos). We would now like to add our two-cents worth to the recent discussion =AD We have admittedly been somewhat lax in not publishing more widely in the peer-reviewed literature our analyses of approximately six years worth of data on butterflyfish from throughout the Pacific. We hope to rectify this in the next few months with several manuscripts that we are now completing that we hope will provide more rigorous quantitative analyses of a variety of conditions in which the technique may be employed (including as a measur= e of "recovery" of previously heavily impacted reefs near military bombing ranges). Nevertheless, there is already quite a bit of literature that has been published related to various different aspects of butterflyfish behavior and their relationship with the coral reef community, and even mor= e formal presentations on this topic have been made at numerous scientific forums (i.e., Proceedings of the Hawai'i Coral Reef Monitoring Workshop, June 9-11, 1998, Honolulu, Hawai'i; International conference on Scientific Aspects of coral Reef Assessment, Monitoring, and Restoration, April 14-16, 1999, Ft. Lauderdale, FL; Ninth International Coral Reef symposium, October 23-27, 2000, Bali) by many others and ourselves. Some useful points to remember when considering the butterflyfish behavior technique (which also includes more standard accepted coral and fish transect methodologies): (1) many people who have tried to use this method have not followed the key guideline which is to pick one or two obligate coral feeding species, not the entire assemblage of chaetodontids, (2) percent coral cover should be measured in areas where the candidate indicator species has established their territories, since the relation is directly between the fish and its territorial coral habitat. The inferences of these relationships can then be extrapolated over the broader reef environment. (3) feeding biology of the indicator species must be known. (i.e., even within the coral-feeding guild, a number of species specialize on acroporid corals). (4) for the method to work best and to provide an "early warning" of visibl= e change, the behavioral components must be measured. To date, few studies have done this, (5) comparisons should be made within sites over time. Care should be take= n when attempting to make comparisons between sites that may differ because o= f the stochastic processes of recruitment of coral and fish. Some further thoughts for consideration: =85 The general concept of "indicator species" is both powerful and valid whe= n applied and interpreted correctly. =85 "Criticisms" that have been sometimes been mentioned in the past with respect to our specific methodology are due to confusion between the use of obligate corallivore species=B9 behavioral changes over time, as an indicator of gradual sub-lethal and not readily visible change in coral community condition, versus the more general use of the broader approach of counting all species of Chaetodontidae as an indicator of coral cover. [The recent discussions on this topic on the coral listserver have been more perceptive than many in other venues for correctly noting this point]. =85 Despite the criticism by some in the literature that the more general method of correlating total chaetodontid numbers with percent coral cover, even this crude approach shows a significant correlation between the two variables. Nevertheless, our contention is that obligate corallivore chaetodontid behavioral patterns and population size are more directly linked to the corals on which they are dependent as an energy source, especially when following one or at most two obligate corallivore species over time, than is the linkage between the entire butterflyfish assemblage and the coral community. =85 Clearly, the selection of the candidate indicator species must be based o= n knowledge of their behavioral ecology. The life history characteristics that are important are : a) obligate coral feeder, b) territorial and therefore strongly site-attached, c) long-lived (most butterflyfish seem to be), and d) colorful or otherwise easily identifiable. =85 As a general rule-of-thumb, the butterflyfish indicator approach is most appropriate when: a) gradual change (either deterioration or recovery) of a reef area is suspected, b) repeated measures over time at the same site are possible, and c) funds and "professional scientists" (i.e., Ph.D.=B9s and/or expensive consultants) are not available. =85 As a general rule-of-thumb, the butterflyfish indicator approach is inappropriate when a) sudden, catastrophic change occurs or has occurred (i.e., due to storms, coral bleaching, or predation by crown-of- thorns starfish), b) repeated measures over time at the same site are not possible= , and c) funds and professional scientists are available. =85 If the question to be answered is "what is the percent coral cover?" at a particular point in time (i.e. a one-time snap-shot), it is clearly more useful and efficient to directly sub-sample the coral community with standard methods (i.e., line transect, quadrate). A one time "snap-shot" o= f chaetodon abundance and behavior is not appropriate to answer such a question. =85 When gradual change in a coral reef community is suspected, and an "early warning" (i.e., before the reef is visibly dead) of such a change is desired, then the behavioral components (feeding rates, agonistic rates, an= d territory size) of the indicator method are useful measurements to collect over time. =85 The behavioral components of our method are unique in methods for coral ref assessment and monitoring. =85 Of the behavioral components, agonistic behavior is the most difficult to interpret because it has multiple motivational causes. Agonistic behavior includes both aggressive and submissive behaviors and may simply be referre= d to as "fighting". Animals fight for resources. The three fundamental resources required of all animals are food, mates and a place to live. For obligate corallivore butterflyfish, all of these resources are directly impacted by changes in the corals themselves. If the food quality or quantity of a territorial organism declines, that organism will tend to expand its territory to increase its food supply and/or increase its feedin= g rate. When neighboring con-specifcs both follow this strategy, agonistic encounters will increase. Thus, changes in agonistic rates of behavior and/or feeding rates and/or territory size serve as a potentially powerful "early warning" of changes in ecological conditions on the reef. The bottom line is that the idea of using butterflyfish as indicators of coral reef ecosystem "health" is not going to die, nor should it. Aside from its clear value as a legitimate tool in the diverse arsenal of professional scientific research methods for monitoring coral reefs, and perhaps more importantly as a tool for volunteer monitoring and education/outreach programs, there are simply too many people who find it enjoyable and educational to swim around on the coral reefs counting corals and chaetodontids, and as an excuse to have fun, to have the method fall into disuse. As rather thoroughly discussed at the 1998 Hawaii workshop, there is no "perfect" method for monitoring coral reefs, and most methods have value by themselves and collectively. Our method is like a step-wise regression with each step adding information based on implementers ability to employ the additional step. It can be modified to suit needs and abilit= y of different situations and will provide reliable and useful quantitative date if conducted appropriately. We see further "fine tuning" of the metho= d and its gradual wide use in coral reef conservation, sustainable-use resource management and education/outreach efforts. Dr. Ernst S. Reese Dr. Michael P. Crosby Professor The Senior Science Advisor for Marine & Coastal Ecosystems Dept of Zoology USAID & NOAA University of Hawaii Washington, DC ereese at hawaii.edu mcrosby at usaid.gov ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Bernard.Thomassin at com.univ-mrs.fr Mon Jun 11 09:44:07 2001 From: Bernard.Thomassin at com.univ-mrs.fr (Bernard THOMASSIN) Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 10:44:07 -0300 Subject: Is it true??? Message-ID: <200106111052.KAA03940@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> >Dear Alexander, To answer to your question : >"Is it true that "the 1997-98 El Nino killed 70% of all corals in the >Indian Ocean"?" I can assume that, for Mayotte Island (Comoro Archip.), located in the middle of the north of the Mozambique Channel, observations before (April-June 1998) and following the establisment of the "Coral Reef Observatory" (surveys in Dec. 1998, 1999, 2000), show that on the outer barrier reef slope, about 80 percent and in place more of the living corals between 3 and 15-20 m depth died following the warm period of oceanic seawater bathing the island (mean weekly ocean seawater temperature >31?C and reaching 32?C). The genera more affected were : Pocilloporids, tabular and branched Acroporids, Diploastrea, massive Porites also bleached but partly recovered. Bleaching occured during more 3 months (April to June 1998). Even encrusting platy corals at 25-35 m deep were bleached in June 98. Even the soft corals (Sarcophyton cf. glaucum, Sinularia) suffered and regressed in size. As it was observed the coral communities living in fringing reefs in coastal bays (more turbid and warm environments) less suffered than corals living in clear waters on the outer slopes of the barrier reef belt. Huge bleaching also occured in Aldabra atoll (see Abstracts of the ISRS 1998 Meeting at Perpignan). People gave me observations from some of the Maldivian atolls. On the slopes there, about 70-80 percent also of the coral coverage died. I have some pictures. If you have results from your enquiry from the West Indian Ocean coral reefs I ma interested for comparisons. Cheers, Bernard Bernard A. THOMASSIN Dir. recherches CNRS Centre d'Oc?anologie de Marseille, Station marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la batterie des Lions, 13007 Marseille, France & G.I.S. "LAG-MAY" "Environnement marin & littoral de l'?le de Mayotte" t?l. (33) 04 91 04 16 17 (ligne directe) (33) 04 91 04 16 00 (standart) mobile (33) 06 63 14 91 78 fax (33) 04 91 04 16 35 (? l'attention de....) ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From makers at swva.net Mon Jun 11 15:59:52 2001 From: makers at swva.net (Mary L. Akers, ITME Student Affairs) Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 15:59:52 -0400 Subject: Scholarships for Marine Study Abroad Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.20010611155952.008069a0@mail.swva.net> FALL 2001 - MARINE SCIENCE PROGRAM IN DOMINICA - WEST INDIES It's not too late! The Institute for Tropical Marine Ecology is pleased to announce the availability of a limited number of scholarships for its Fall 2001 semester and Spring 2002 programs in Dominica. Dominica (NOT the Dominica Republic)boasts lush tropical rainforests and unspoiled emerald waters in which to study, experience, and conserve nature's bounty. Program components covered by tuition include: * 15 academic credit hours * 4 courses in marine ecology and conservation * 12 weeks full room and board * 30 - 40 fully paid SCUBA/snorkeling excursions * exciting guest lecturers * sight seeing to Dominica's amazing Boiling Lake and other island attractions * travel in and around Dominica * intensive, hands-on training and field work * the opportunity to be among the first to research Dominica's vastly uncharted marine habitats * participation in community outreach and environmental education To view past student reports please visit us at http://www.itme.org For tuition fees and further information, please contact us at admin at itme.org We look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely, Mary L. Akers Student Affairs Coordinator / Admissions Institute for Tropical Marine Ecology ITME ITME Inc. Roseau, Commonwealth of Dominica West Indies Phone (767) 449 3725 Fax (801) 504 4369 [web based] admin at itme.org http://www.itme.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From jjmonari at telcel.net.ve Tue Jun 12 06:32:10 2001 From: jjmonari at telcel.net.ve (Jairo J. Monari M.) Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 06:32:10 -0400 Subject: ACROPORA PALMATA Message-ID: <000e01c0f32b$1e88d0c0$c801a8c0@monarijj> QUE TAL AMIGOS. SOY MEDICO CIRUJANO, ESPECIALISTA EN DOPPLER VASCULAR ( SI EL, DE LAS BURBUJAS DE NITROGENO) Y DEDICADO A INVESTIGACI?N MICROVASCULAR EN HUMANOS, SIN EMBARGO MI DEDICACI?N SEMANAL DEPORTIVA ES EL BUCEO, ALCANZADO EL NIVEL DE AVANZADO CON 7 ESPECIALIDADES QUE INCLUYEN FOTOGRAF?A, Y LES ESCRIBO DESDE VENEZUELA, ESTADO ARAGUA, EN LOCALIZACI?N LATITUD N10o29'47,5'' LONGITUD W067o44'43,3''. (EL CARIBE) NO HE PODIDO ENCONTRAR EJEMPLARES VIVOS DE ACROPORA PALAMATA, EL FAMOSO CUERNO DE ALCE, DESDE HACE 8 A?OS COMO SNORKELISTA Y AHORA MAS DE 120 INMERSIONES REALIZADAS COMO BUZO NO DOY CON EJEMPLARES VIVOS, RECIBO REPORTES DE ALGUNOS AMIGOS DE HABER AVISTADO BROTES DISCRETOS, QUE LUEGO MUEREN IGUALMENTE. PUEDEN ORIENTARME EN QUE ESTA OCURRIENDO?? QUE REPORTES TENEMOS CON Acropora palmata? Ten?a entendido que era o es un coral de crecimiento r?pido, pero solo encuentro esqueletos./ tanto sabr? agradecer la informaci?n que me puedan enviar./ De Uds. muy atentamente Dr. Jairo Juan Monari Muffolini MA AVUM AVFL FLAUSMB MSAS 32048 -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: Dr. Jairo Juan Monari Muffolini AVFL AVUM FLAUSMB.vcf Type: text/x-vcard Size: 543 bytes Desc: not available Url : http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010612/a1a16f9b/attachment.vcf From hendee at aoml.noaa.gov Wed Jun 13 07:25:29 2001 From: hendee at aoml.noaa.gov (Jim Hendee) Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 07:25:29 -0400 (EDT) Subject: bleach alert? Message-ID: Greetings, High sea temperatures together with abnormally high salinities may result in a lower than usual threshold for coral bleaching at Sombrero Key and elsewhere in the Florida Keys. Please see daily output of the FIO/NOAA SEAKEYS Network at http://www.coral.noaa.gov/cman/cman_menu.html. The higher than normal salinities are a result of the extended drought conditions we have had in South Florida over the last six months or so. I would like to ask that researchers in the area keep your eyes open for early signs of bleaching and let us know. Many thanks... Cheers, Jim ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Michael.Rard at univ-reunion.fr Wed Jun 13 09:25:28 2001 From: Michael.Rard at univ-reunion.fr (Michael.Rard at univ-reunion.fr) Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 16:25:28 +0300 Subject: For for exact reference Message-ID: <200106131239.MAA08373@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Dear all, Because I dont have this book, I would like to know if anybody would have the exact reference of the book "Staghorn corals of the world", written by Wallace in 1999 ? For instance, my reference is : "Wallace C.C., 1999. Staghorn corals of the world. CSIRO ?d., Melbourne, Australie : 422pp." ...but I dont have for the moment the name of the publisher of any other informations (ISBN for exemple..) about it. Many thanks for your help. Have a nice day, Best Regards. Micha?l -- Micha?l RARD Laboratoire d'Ecologie Marine, Universit? de la R?union 97715 Saint Denis messag CEDEX 9, France Tel : 0 (33) 2-62-93-81-57, Fax : 0 (33) 2-62-93-86-85 http://www.univ-reunion.fr/~mrard/html/ContactsMika.htm ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From M.Attrill at plymouth.ac.uk Wed Jun 13 10:02:53 2001 From: M.Attrill at plymouth.ac.uk (Martin Attrill) Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 14:02:53 GMT Subject: For for exact reference In-Reply-To: <200106131239.MAA08373@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Message-ID: Hi Michael The ISBN number of the book is ISBN: 0643063919. It is, I believe, directly published by CSIRO ('CSIRO Publishing'). For your interest, the book is also available as an interactive CD, which may be very useful if identification is a prime concern, although I am sure CSIRO people can tell you more. The book (and CD rom) can be ordered direct from NHBS at this website: http://www.nhbs.co.uk/ Just type 'staghorn corals' in the title search box and it will take you there. Yours Martin > Dear all, > > Because I dont have this book, I would like to know if anybody > would have > the exact reference of the book "Staghorn corals of the world", > written by > Wallace in 1999 ? > > For instance, my reference is : "Wallace C.C., 1999. Staghorn > corals of the > world. CSIRO ?d., Melbourne, Australie : 422pp." > > ...but I dont have for the moment the name of the publisher of > any other > informations (ISBN for exemple..) about it. > > Many thanks for your help. > Have a nice day, > > Best Regards. > Micha?l > -- > Micha?l RARD > Laboratoire d'Ecologie Marine, Universit? de la R?union > 97715 Saint Denis messag CEDEX 9, France > Tel : 0 (33) 2-62-93-81-57, Fax : 0 (33) 2-62-93-86-85 > http://www.univ-reunion.fr/~mrard/html/ContactsMika.htm > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ____________________________________________ Dr. Martin Attrill Benthic Ecology Research Group Department of Biological Sciences University of Plymouth Drake Circus Plymouth. PL4 8AA. Tel: 01752 232916 Fax: 01752 232970 http://www.science.plymouth.ac.uk/departments/biology/Research/BERG.HTM ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Mark_Brandenburg at millerlegg.com Wed Jun 13 09:49:18 2001 From: Mark_Brandenburg at millerlegg.com (Mark_Brandenburg at millerlegg.com) Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 09:49:18 -0400 Subject: Coral Growth Rates Message-ID: <85256A6A.004BECDE.00@mileg.millerlegg.com> From: Mark Brandenburg at MILEG on 06/13/2001 09:49 AM To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov cc: Subject: Coral Growth Rates Does anyone have or know where I could find growth rate information for Meandrina meandrites? Thanks, Mark E. Brandenburg, M.S. Biologist Miller Legg & Associates, Inc. 1800 N. Douglas Road, Suite 200 Pembroke Pines, Florida 33024-3200 (954) 436-7000 Fax: (954) 436-8664 mbrandenburg at millerlegg.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From patrik at infotropic.com Wed Jun 13 10:28:15 2001 From: patrik at infotropic.com (Patrik Nilsson) Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 16:28:15 +0200 Subject: For for exact reference In-Reply-To: <200106131239.MAA08373@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Message-ID: <5.1.0.14.0.20010613161917.0292a6d0@www.jante.org> At 15:25 2001-06-13, Michael.Rard at univ-reunion.fr wrote: >Dear all, > >Because I dont have this book, I would like to know if anybody >would have >the exact reference of the book "Staghorn corals of the world", >written by >Wallace in 1999 ? > >For instance, my reference is : "Wallace C.C., 1999. Staghorn >corals of the >world. CSIRO ?d., Melbourne, Australie : 422pp." > >...but I dont have for the moment the name of the publisher of >any other >informations (ISBN for exemple..) about it. See: http://www.publish.csiro.au/books/bookpage.cfm?PID=2187 for details. Patrik ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From rutabaga at pacwan.fr Wed Jun 13 10:47:56 2001 From: rutabaga at pacwan.fr (Jacques Laborel) Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 15:47:56 +0100 Subject: Re. Brazilian reefs Message-ID: Hello Greg It is always a pleasure for me to chat about brazilian reefs, even since I did not visit them since 30 years... Yes I worked for three years on the brazilian coasts, spending most of my time in the region of Recife, where I was based. I visited most of the reefs between Angra dos Reis(SP) south and Fortaleza (Cear?) north, with very limited technical possibilities. The first contact with brazilian reefs is very little appealing for the newcoming coral student: some local geologists even pretend that there are NO reefs at all but sandstone reefs or arrecifes ( lines of fossil beach-rock), sometimes with a scarce coral cover. Such a position is both understandable and wrong : understandable because brazilian reefs can by no means be compared with caribbean or indo pacific reef barriers, but wrong because no criterium of minimum thickness is required in the definition of a coral reef : the criterium being the development of a coral and coralline framework with an upward growth to the surface and resistance to the waves, leading to characteristic morphology, both in surface and in volume, which is the case in Brazil. My observations from the sixties, led me to the following statements : a) Differences between sandstone and coral reefs were clear cut and easy to put into evidence by airborne, land and underwater observation. They can be observed superposed or in parallel rows, their relative disposition being linked to local coastal evolution in the Holocene). b) When a true emerging coral reef-flat is considered, its upper surface is dead since mid and late Holocene sea-level variations have been extremely strong in that region, with several higher than present levels between 6000 BP and present, so that the upper surface of the flats lies presently about 1 metre above its normal "biological level". (i.e the highest level where corals are presently living). c) When seen underwater coral formations were already very poor in the sixties for several reasons: first reason being the very low number of true hermatypic coral and fire corals species involved in the building (about 20 species for the whole Brazil, of which only10 thrive on the Nordeste reefs. Most noticeable is the presence of endemic Gorgonians, Sponges and Corals(genus Mussismilia) and the absence of such important caribbean genus as Acropora, Diploria, Colpophyllia, Solenastrea, Dendrogyra, Mussa, Mycetophyllia and others.. d) In the Nordeste the living coral cover was generally lower than 50% in the sixties.The rest of the surface was mainly covered by encrusting corallines, sponges, endemic Gorgonians and very dense stands of Halimeda. This was in part due to the very murky waters? Pollution from sugar cane mills was already impoprtant, especially near the estuaries. I do not know what it is presently, I heard from people in Recife that the situation was not terribly worse, even with the (considerable)development of pollution. Resuming: I never observed coverages of living corals above 50% on the shallow water reefs of the Nordeste ( from the surface down to about 20 metres), mean coral cover was about 25% (this percent was estimated, not calculated). Main reef-building species were, by order of decreasing importance : Coralline algae, Millepora alcicornis, Mussismilia hartii, Siderastrea sp, Montastrea cavernosa and Porites astraeoides, Halimeda leaves being also a prime source of sediment. The richest and more developed reefs were south of Pernambuco in the islands of Abrolhos, in front of Caravelas (state of Bahia) which are presently a National Park. A few bibliographical references : Van ANDEL, T & LABOREL, J. 1964, Recent high relative sea level stand near Recife, Brazil. Science, 145, 3632,pp. 580-581. LABOREL J.1965. Note pr?liminaire sur les r?cifs de gr?s et les r?cifs de coraux dans le Nord est br?silien Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume,53, 37, : 341-344. LABOREL J. 1967. A revised list of brazilian scleractinian corals with description of a new species. Postilla, New Haven, 107, pp. 1-14. KEMPF M. & LABOREL J. 1968 Formations de Vermets et d'Algues calcaires sur les c?tes du Br?sil. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume, 43, 59, : 9-23. LABOREL J.1969. Les formations de Madr?poraires des c?tes tropicales du Br?sil. (Th?se d'Etat de Sciences Naturelles) . Annales de l' Univiversit? d' Abidjan. E, 2, 3, 260p. LABOREL J.1969. Madr?poraires des c?tes tropicales du Br?sil, Syst?matique, biologie, r?partition, Annales de l' Institut Oceanographique. Paris, nlle s?rie, 47, 9, pp. 171-250. SUGUIO, K.; MARTIN, L. & FLEXOR, J.M., 1977. Sea level fluctuations during the past 6000 years along the coast of the State of Sao Paolo (Brazil).Proceedings of the 10th. INQUA congress, (Birmingham). MARTIN, L.; FLEXOR, J.M., BLITZKOW, D. and SUGUIO, K , 1985. Geoid change indications along the Brazilian coast during the last 7000 years. Proc. 5th Int. Coral Reef Congress, Tahiti, 3, 85-90. >I have recently carried out a brief survey of Brazilian reefs in the >vicinity of >Recife. If I am not mistaken, you worked there many years ago. I am very >interested to know what conditions were like when you first visited, >especially >coral cover, but also fish diversity and abundance. The corals are almost >completely dead now in the areas I saw. None of the scientists I contacted >there >has any data or memory of conditions prior to the mid-1980s. All info and >suggestions welcome. > >Regards, >Greg >-- >Gregor Hodgson, PhD >Director, Reef Check Foundation >Professor (Visiting), Institute of the Environment >1652 Hershey Hall 149607 >University of California at Los Angeles >Los Angeles, CA 90095-1496 USA > >Office Tel: 310-794-4985 Fax: 310-825-0758 or 310-825-9663 >Email: gregorh at ucla.edu Web: www.ReefCheck.org Jacques & Francoise Laborel Chemin des grands Bassins,13600 La Ciotat, France tel. (33) 04 42 83 60 32 fax. (33) 04 42 71 81 68 e-mail : rutabaga at pacwan.fr visitez nous sur http://www.jardinesperance.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From rcheck at ucla.edu Wed Jun 13 15:09:38 2001 From: rcheck at ucla.edu (Reef Check Headquarters) Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 12:09:38 -0700 Subject: Blast fishing pictures? Message-ID: Greetings. I am looking specifically for high resolution images of dynamite/blast fishing-- preferably one taken above water that shows the explosive affects. If you have any such pictures you would be willing to share, please respond to rcheck at ucla.edu. Thank you! ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Jennifer Liebeler Program Manager Reef Check Headquarters Institute of the Environment 1652 Hershey Hall 149607 University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA 90095-1496 USA Office Tel: 310-794-4985 Fax: 310-825-0758 Email: Rcheck at ucla.edu Web: www.ReefCheck.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From tdone at aims.gov.au Wed Jun 13 18:54:44 2001 From: tdone at aims.gov.au (Terry Done) Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 08:54:44 +1000 Subject: Message for ISRS Members In-Reply-To: <000301c0ef33$281ccac0$3154d789@up.ac.za> References: <4.3.2.7.2.20010607083339.00c19e60@email.aims.gov.au> Message-ID: <4.3.2.7.2.20010614085124.00c61250@email.aims.gov.au> Dear Fernando and Coral-Listers, Fernando raises some good points about problems in scientific publishing in general, and calls on the International Society for Reef Studies to set a good example for other scientific societies. This is certainly a worthwhile issue for ISRS to debate among its members. I believe ISRS already do set a good example in the way we operate in relation to publishing. It is quite true that many of those we would like to have access to Coral Reefs are in third world countries (and, incidentally, where the internet is not always available to all those whom we would like to read Coral Reefs and Reef Encounter, our newsletter). Hence, the printed version is still essential for us to meet our obligations to our members. Members of ISRS receive the journal Coral Reefs (4 issues and ~400 pages per year) plus the newsletter Reef Encounter (2 issues and ~ 80 pages per year) for a subscription of US$80. i.e. about 17c per page, delivered. Coral Reefs is inexpensive compared to many other journals, and in terms of quality and citations, it has rated well among scientific journals in recent years. Financial th internet access can access an electronic version of Coral Reefs before the printed version is distributed. (See instructions on inside cover of Coral Reefs. Members will be given more specific details shortly). Everyone is welcome to check the Contents of Coral Reefs and to read Reef Encounter on the ISRS web-site at www.uncwil.edu/isrs. Regards, Terry Done President International Society for Reef Studies At 11:20 7/06/01 +0200, FA Zapata wrote: >Dear Coral listers and ISRS memebers, > > Knowing that I may be entering rough waters, with all due respect > to Dr. >Done and ISRS members, and not knowing what kind of problems are causing the >delay in the publication of Coral Reefs and what sort of negotiations are >being worked out with Springer-Verlag, isn't it perhaps time to re-evaluate >how the society should publish its journal (Coral Reefs)? If we think about >the primary purpose of the journal as a means of communicating our research >findings, shouldn't we consider alternative options? For one, with the >current ease and relatively much lower cost of publication on electronic >media and widespread access to the internet, shouldn't we consider the >option of publishing the journal online based on the ISRS web page with free >access to the full text of papers but without losing the rigour of peer >review and high quality of the papers? > > Some of you may be aware of the current debate on the future of > scientific >publishing (see for instance >http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/index.html ). Maybe it is time >that we ISRS members debate the future of our society's journal as well. As >an ISRS member from a less-developed country, I regularly experience the >frustration of not having access to the primary literature because of its >incredibly high cost. While Coral Reefs has been exceptional to some extent >in this regard (although many students in less developed countries cannot >afford to subscribe to the journal), many other journals are completely out >of reach due to their high cost. For instance, my university has never had >subscriptions to some of these journals, or has cancelled its subscritptions >because could not afford them any more. I imagine that similar situations >occur at other institutions throughout the third world. Since most coral >reefs are in third-world countries, I would think that it is in the interest >of the society to provide access to its journal to scientists, managers, >policy makers, and students in these countries. Perhaps the ISRS could set >an example for other scientific societies. > >Just some food for thought. > >Fernando A. Zapata >Dpto. de Biologia >Universidad del Valle >Cali, Colombia >On leave at: >Department of Zoology and Entomology >University of Pretoria >Pretoria 0002 >South Africa > >Ph. (+ 27-12) 420-4611 >Fax. (+ 27-12) 362-5242 > >E-Mail: fazapata at zoology.up.ac.za > > >-----Original Message----- >From: owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov >[mailto:owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Terry Done >Sent: Thursday, June 07, 2001 1:25 AM >To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov >Subject: Message for ISRS Members > > >Coral Reefs > >I am happy to say that Volume 19(4) of Coral Reefs is now in the mail, and >I apologize to members for delay, and thank you for your patience. For >those new members who paid in Bali to commence membership in 2001, we still >hope that you will receive all four issues of Volume 20 this calendar year. >Dick Dodge and his editorial team are working hard with publisher Springer >Verlag to bring this about. > >Best wishes, > >Terry Done >President >International Society for Reef Studies > > > > > > > >Dr Terry Done >Leader Sustaining Living Marine Resources Project >Australian Institute of Marine Science >PMB #3 Mail Centre, >Townsville Qld 4810 >Australia > >Phone 61 7 47 534 344 >Fax 61 7 47 725 852 >email: tdone at aims.gov.au > >WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium >www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. Dr Terry Done Leader Sustaining Living Marine Resources Project Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB #3 Mail Centre, Townsville Qld 4810 Australia Phone 61 7 47 534 344 Fax 61 7 47 725 852 email: tdone at aims.gov.au WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From howzit at turtles.org Wed Jun 13 23:03:51 2001 From: howzit at turtles.org (Ursula Keuper-Bennett) Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 23:03:51 -0400 Subject: coral bleaching articles Message-ID: <4.3.2.7.2.20010613225804.02b54b20@localhost> Hi all you coral hedz! A whole pile of coral bleaching articles in the news! Bleaching may help coral adapt Coral bleaching may not kill reefs And there's one in NEW SCIENTIST Bleaching of reefs may be a risky gamble by corals to adapt to warmer seas (I keep getting 'CONNECTION REFUSED' but maybe they like your face better!) Best wishes, Ursula TURTLE TRAX http://www.turtles.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From corvid at mindspring.com Thu Jun 14 01:43:43 2001 From: corvid at mindspring.com (_._.) Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 00:43:43 -0500 Subject: Vieques In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010614085124.00c61250@email.aims.gov.au> References: <000301c0ef33$281ccac0$3154d789@up.ac.za> <4.3.2.7.2.20010607083339.00c19e60@email.aims.gov.au> Message-ID: Greetings, I have not yet been to the NYT site to read this, but it sounds promising.... Christopher Crow >Status: U >Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 21:43:05 -0400 >From: The New York Times Direct >Subject: News Alert from NYTimes.com: Bush Will Halt Military Exercises on > Vieques >Reply-to: nytdirect at nytimes.com >To: > > >Wednesday, June 13, 2001 -- 9:30 PM EST >------------------------------------------------------------ > >Bush Administration Will Halt Military Exercises on Vieques >by 2003 > >The Bush administration will announce Thursday that it will >halt all military exercises and aerial bombing runs on the >Puerto Rican island of Vieques by May 2003, senior >administration officials said tonight. > >Full story: http://www.nytimes.com/?0613na > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From riskmj at mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca Thu Jun 14 08:31:33 2001 From: riskmj at mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (Mike Risk) Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 08:31:33 -0400 Subject: Message for ISRS Members References: <4.3.2.7.2.20010607083339.00c19e60@email.aims.gov.au> <4.3.2.7.2.20010614085124.00c61250@email.aims.gov.au> Message-ID: <040501c0f4d5$753b3600$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Terry (and others): I hesitate to enter this debate because, like most debates concerning coral reefs, it has already been done elsewhere... I certainly understand that, without ISRS subscriptions, there would be no Coral Reefs. Journals published by professional societies generally give good value. On the other hand: Coral Reefs is a rare bird, in that it contains papers written largely by those of us in the developed world, describing an ecosystem that is largely owned by the Third World. There are few journals, and few professional societies, sharing this distinction. At Ginsburg's 1993 (?) meeting in Miami, on Health, Hazards and History of Reefs, this very aspect was brought up, and pursued with some vigour by those of us who work in lesser-developed nations. Tim McClanahan took the matter further, and suggested to the publishers of Coral Reefs, and to Council, that ISRS somehow acknowledge this state of affairs. Memory fades, but I think some of the ideas suggested involved things like issue donations, a two-tier price system, etc...basically, the response was: No. No way to get there from here. This stands in contrast to the attitude taken by Inter-Science, publishers of MEPS: a much more expensive, much more highly-cited journal than Coral Reefs. They recently offered to donate entire back issues of some of their journals to any deserving developing nation-one need pay only the shipping. In describing the offer, the publishers spoke eloquently of the difference between "them" and "us" in access to the literature, and of their desire to alleviate this. Because of this magnanimous offer, I was able to ship perhaps $30,000 in back issues to our partner university in Indonesia: several marine journals, including MEPS. When I see this sort of thinking emanating from ISRS Council, I will know we are in good hands. As a starter, I suggest Council bring to the membership a resolution along the lines that each subscriber to Coral Reefs pay an additional annual levy ($50?). This money would be used to pay for extra copies of the journal-at publisher's cost-to be shipped to educational and research institutions in the Third World. This would be a wonderful PR coup for the Society. The extra levy could be designated a "charitable donation", and hence a tax deduction. Win-win. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From dbrown15 at po-box.mcgill.ca Thu Jun 14 13:56:49 2001 From: dbrown15 at po-box.mcgill.ca (David Browne) Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 13:56:49 -0400 Subject: Coral spawning in SE Asia In-Reply-To: <415039BB7DE8D011BC4600805F311E16073655AF@exs25.ex.nus.edu. sg> Message-ID: <5.0.2.1.1.20010614135236.00a161e0@po-box.mcgill.ca> Hello, I observed coral spawning in the Karimunjawa Islands off Semarang, Indonesia 4 days after the full moon in October, 1997. Evan Edinger has made further observations of coral spawning in this area. Evan Edinger: eedinger at cs.mun.ca David Browne PhD Candidate Department of Biology McGill University Dear Julie and coral-list, I can help with the one part of your second question regarding coral spawning in South East Asia/Indonesia. Actually very little is known about the reproductive cycles of SE Asian corals. As far as I know, the only observation of a coral mass spawning in SE Asia is from the Philippines in May 1981 during the 4th International Coral Reef Symposium. The only published accounts come from the Philippines and from Singapore. Bermas et al (1992) report that a number of hard and soft corals in the Philippines spawn between April and May. In Singapore Chou and Quek (1992) reported that Pocillopora damicornis releases planulae around the new moon each month. Also in Singapore, I have done histological examination of Diploastrea heliopora and Goniopora spp. I saw that D. heliopora contained very mature gametes in late March 2000 suggesting a late march or April spawning. Conversely, Goniopora spp. contained very mature gametes in October and November 1999 and 2000 suggesting an October or November spawning for that species. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From riskmj at mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca Thu Jun 14 21:38:27 2001 From: riskmj at mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (Mike Risk) Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 21:38:27 -0400 Subject: Coral spawning in SE Asia References: <5.0.2.1.1.20010614135236.00a161e0@po-box.mcgill.ca> Message-ID: <048b01c0f53c$16a30840$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Hi, Dave. We are done insulation/vapour barrier, start siding Monday. For the rest of you: somewhere, Edinger has an Abstract presented at a scientific meeting, perhaps with me as a co-author (think I'd know, wouldn't you?), collecting observations from several Indonesian locales, stating that in the core tropics many if not most corals spawn every lunar month. Evan's juggling new job, new house, new baby, new city, all at the same time. In due course, I expect he will set us all straight on this. Me too. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From tdone at aims.gov.au Fri Jun 15 02:40:51 2001 From: tdone at aims.gov.au (Terry Done) Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 16:40:51 +1000 Subject: Message for ISRS Members Message-ID: <4.3.2.7.2.20010615164022.00c29d50@email.aims.gov.au> Mike, c.c. list No need for a resolution - members already have an option to take out a sustaining membership of ISRS to support good causes. 'Two-tiered' I believe we call it. And individuals in the Society did raise lots of money to get over 100 people from developing countries to the International Coral Reef Symposium. And helping organize it. ISRS also does its bit by setting a subscription rate so low that 4 people from any western country could buy a subscription out of one week's beer money and donate it to whomever they wish. In deference to all those on the list who are not in ISRS, please excuse me if I don't continue this forum on Coral-list. Terry Done At 08:31 14/06/01 -0400, you wrote: >Terry (and others): > >I hesitate to enter this debate because, like most debates concerning coral >reefs, it has already been done elsewhere... > >I certainly understand that, without ISRS subscriptions, there would be no >Coral Reefs. Journals published by professional societies generally give >good value. On the other hand: Coral Reefs is a rare bird, in that it >contains papers written largely by those of us in the developed world, >describing an ecosystem that is largely owned by the Third World. There are >few journals, and few professional societies, sharing this distinction. > >At Ginsburg's 1993 (?) meeting in Miami, on Health, Hazards and History of >Reefs, this very aspect was brought up, and pursued with some vigour by >those of us who work in lesser-developed nations. Tim McClanahan took the >matter further, and suggested to the publishers of Coral Reefs, and to >Council, that ISRS somehow acknowledge this state of affairs. Memory fades, >but I think some of the ideas suggested involved things like issue >donations, a two-tier price system, etc...basically, the response was: No. >No way to get there from here. > >This stands in contrast to the attitude taken by Inter-Science, publishers >of MEPS: a much more expensive, much more highly-cited journal than Coral >Reefs. They recently offered to donate entire back issues of some of their >journals to any deserving developing nation-one need pay only the shipping. >In describing the offer, the publishers spoke eloquently of the difference >between "them" and "us" in access to the literature, and of their desire to >alleviate this. Because of this magnanimous offer, I was able to ship >perhaps $30,000 in back issues to our partner university in Indonesia: >several marine journals, including MEPS. > >When I see this sort of thinking emanating from ISRS Council, I will know we >are in good hands. As a starter, I suggest Council bring to the membership a >resolution along the lines that each subscriber to Coral Reefs pay an >additional annual levy ($50?). This money would be used to pay for extra >copies of the journal-at publisher's cost-to be shipped to educational and >research institutions in the Third World. This would be a wonderful PR coup >for the Society. The extra levy could be designated a "charitable donation", >and hence a tax deduction. Win-win. Dr Terry Done Leader Sustaining Living Marine Resources Project Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB #3 Mail Centre, Townsville Qld 4810 Australia Phone 61 7 47 534 344 Fax 61 7 47 725 852 email: tdone at aims.gov.au WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From eedinger at cs.mun.ca Thu Jun 14 14:49:47 2001 From: eedinger at cs.mun.ca (Evan Edinger) Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 16:19:47 -0230 (NDT) Subject: Coral spawning in SE Asia (fwd) Message-ID: <200106151035.KAA02231@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> In October, 1995, three of us observed a mass spawning of corals in the Karimunjawa Islands, Central Java. We observed about 25 species of corals releasing eggs, sperm, or (usually) both, about 2 hours after sunset a few days after the full moon. Our observations were published as an abstract in the 8ICRS (Panama, abstracts volume, p. 57), and as a data table in Thomascik, et al., 1997, The ecology of Indonesian Seas, Periplus, Singapore, table 7.3, p. 278.) We made further observations on coral mass spawning in October, 1996, and tried, without success, to capture eggs. Our settling plates deployed in July and August 1995 had acroporid and pocilloporid spat, but we only observed mass spawning in October. Wisnu Widjatmoko, of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, has made histological observations on coral spawning in the Java Sea, mainly about Pocillopora damicornis. Evan Edinger -- ====================================================================== Dr. Evan Edinger Depts. of Geography & Biology tel. (709) 737-3233 Memorial University of Newfoundland fax. (709) 737-3119 St. John's, Nfld. e-mail: eedinger at cs.mun.ca A1B 3X9 CANADA ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 13:56:49 -0400 From: David Browne To: James Rolfe Guest , James Rolfe Guest , "'jekstrom at coral.org'" , "'coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov'" , eedinger at cs.mun.ca Subject: Re: Coral spawning in SE Asia Hello, I observed coral spawning in the Karimunjawa Islands off Semarang, Indonesia 4 days after the full moon in October, 1997. Evan Edinger has made further observations of coral spawning in this area. Evan Edinger: eedinger at cs.mun.ca David Browne PhD Candidate Department of Biology McGill University Dear Julie and coral-list, I can help with the one part of your second question regarding coral spawning in South East Asia/Indonesia. Actually very little is known about the reproductive cycles of SE Asian corals. As far as I know, the only observation of a coral mass spawning in SE Asia is from the Philippines in May 1981 during the 4th International Coral Reef Symposium. The only published accounts come from the Philippines and from Singapore. Bermas et al (1992) report that a number of hard and soft corals in the Philippines spawn between April and May. In Singapore Chou and Quek (1992) reported that Pocillopora damicornis releases planulae around the new moon each month. Also in Singapore, I have done histological examination of Diploastrea heliopora and Goniopora spp. I saw that D. heliopora contained very mature gametes in late March 2000 suggesting a late march or April spawning. Conversely, Goniopora spp. contained very mature gametes in October and November 1999 and 2000 suggesting an October or November spawning for that species. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From szmanta at uncwil.edu Fri Jun 15 08:14:04 2001 From: szmanta at uncwil.edu (Alina M. Szmant) Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 08:14:04 -0400 Subject: Message for ISRS Members In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010615164022.00c29d50@email.aims.gov.au> Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.20010615081404.00747e48@pop.uncwil.edu> Terry: Well done in pointing out that ISRS has always considered the needs of 'third world' coral reef researchers, and in fact was launched in 1981 at the 4th Internat Coral Reef Symp in the Philippines. Coral Reefs is the only journal I know of dedicated exclusively to coral reef research in the broad sense, and the editorial policy has always been to help as much as we can to publish good quality work done by researchers in developing nations. Access to the journal is more problematic because ISRS is not a large or rich society. However, if more of the people that subscribe to Coral-list would become members, ISRS would have more funds to do more along the lines of what Mike suggests. I am always surprised at how many well known coral reef research colleagues are NOT members of ISRS. The broader the subscribership to the journal, the more we can ask from Springer in terms of donations to third world universities and marine labs that can't afford the journal. So, all you reader Coral-List readers out here: join ISRS! Alina Szmant At 04:40 PM 6/15/01 +1000, Terry Done wrote: >Mike, >c.c. list > >No need for a resolution - members already have an option to take out a >sustaining membership of ISRS to support good causes. 'Two-tiered' I >believe we call it. > >And individuals in the Society did raise lots of money to get over 100 >people from developing countries to the International Coral Reef >Symposium. And helping organize it. > >ISRS also does its bit by setting a subscription rate so low that 4 people >from any western country could buy a subscription out of one week's beer >money and donate it to whomever they wish. > >In deference to all those on the list who are not in ISRS, please excuse me >if I don't continue this forum on Coral-list. > >Terry Done > > >At 08:31 14/06/01 -0400, you wrote: >>Terry (and others): >> >>I hesitate to enter this debate because, like most debates concerning coral >>reefs, it has already been done elsewhere... >> >>I certainly understand that, without ISRS subscriptions, there would be no >>Coral Reefs. Journals published by professional societies generally give >>good value. On the other hand: Coral Reefs is a rare bird, in that it >>contains papers written largely by those of us in the developed world, >>describing an ecosystem that is largely owned by the Third World. There are >>few journals, and few professional societies, sharing this distinction. >> >>At Ginsburg's 1993 (?) meeting in Miami, on Health, Hazards and History of >>Reefs, this very aspect was brought up, and pursued with some vigour by >>those of us who work in lesser-developed nations. Tim McClanahan took the >>matter further, and suggested to the publishers of Coral Reefs, and to >>Council, that ISRS somehow acknowledge this state of affairs. Memory fades, >>but I think some of the ideas suggested involved things like issue >>donations, a two-tier price system, etc...basically, the response was: No. >>No way to get there from here. >> >>This stands in contrast to the attitude taken by Inter-Science, publishers >>of MEPS: a much more expensive, much more highly-cited journal than Coral >>Reefs. They recently offered to donate entire back issues of some of their >>journals to any deserving developing nation-one need pay only the shipping. >>In describing the offer, the publishers spoke eloquently of the difference >>between "them" and "us" in access to the literature, and of their desire to >>alleviate this. Because of this magnanimous offer, I was able to ship >>perhaps $30,000 in back issues to our partner university in Indonesia: >>several marine journals, including MEPS. >> >>When I see this sort of thinking emanating from ISRS Council, I will know we >>are in good hands. As a starter, I suggest Council bring to the membership a >>resolution along the lines that each subscriber to Coral Reefs pay an >>additional annual levy ($50?). This money would be used to pay for extra >>copies of the journal-at publisher's cost-to be shipped to educational and >>research institutions in the Third World. This would be a wonderful PR coup >>for the Society. The extra levy could be designated a "charitable donation", >>and hence a tax deduction. Win-win. > >Dr Terry Done >Leader Sustaining Living Marine Resources Project >Australian Institute of Marine Science >PMB #3 Mail Centre, >Townsville Qld 4810 >Australia > >Phone 61 7 47 534 344 >Fax 61 7 47 725 852 >email: tdone at aims.gov.au > >WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium >www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From fatemi at tavana.net Fri Jun 15 15:57:48 2001 From: fatemi at tavana.net (Fatemi) Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 23:27:48 +0330 Subject: Marine aquarium fish report References: <003001c0e2c4$473818e0$abe993c3@ewood> Message-ID: <000001c0f5ea$9c514ca0$8fc7a8c0@bkhobv5chssexf> Dear Liz I would like to receive a copy of ornamental trade draft and I hope to be able to feed- back to it. Best ----- Original Message ----- Reza Fatemi Iran From: Elizabeth Wood To: Coral list Sent: Tuesday, 22 May, 2001 4:58 PM Subject: Marine aquarium fish report Hello coral listers, This message is for those of you interested in the trade in marine ornamentals - if you would like a copy of the final draft of a new MCS report entitled 'Collection of coral reef fish for aquaria: global trade, conservation issues and management strategies' please drop me a line and I will send you the .pdf files. We are hoping for feed-back especially for individual country details, so look forward to hearing from you. Best wishes, Liz Wood Dr Elizabeth Wood, Coral Reef Conservation Officer, Marine Conservation Society, Hollybush, Chequers Lane, Eversley, Hook, Hants RG27 ONY, UK Tel 01189 734127 Fax 01189 731832 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010615/cd404022/attachment.html From cristina at wri.org Fri Jun 15 18:47:49 2001 From: cristina at wri.org (Cristina Balboa) Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 18:47:49 -0400 Subject: Call for Papers: Global Biodiversity Forum for the Pacific Message-ID: Apologies for cross-postings Please go to www.gbf.ch for details! Global Forces and their Impacts on the Pacific's Biodiversity: Towards Local and Regional Response Strategies 1st Regional Session of the Global Biodiversity Forum for the Pacific 25-28 September 2001 East-West Center, 1601 East-West Rd., Honolulu, Hawaii 96848-1601, USA Workshop Topics: --Climate Change, Biodiversity and Livelihoods on Small Islands: Understanding and Mitigating Impacts --Traditional Knowledge, Traditional Resource Management and Biodiversity: Issues, Practices, and Policies --The Impact of Trade in Marine Commodities on the Pacific's Biodiversity: Strategies for Sustainability and Equity --Invasive Species in the Pacific: Strategies for Countering the Threats ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Monika.Gurnee at noaa.gov Fri Jun 15 18:08:42 2001 From: Monika.Gurnee at noaa.gov (Monika Gurnee) Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 18:08:42 -0400 Subject: Coral-List Thread: Bleaching Message-ID: <200106160233.CAA03860@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> The Nutrient Deficiency and Coral Bleaching thread is now posted and linked to from the Coral-List Archives/Discussion Threads page: http://www.coral.noaa.gov/lists/list-archives.html Regards, Monika ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Monika Gurn?e NOAA/AOML/OCD OCD and CHAMP WebMaster gurnee at aoml.noaa.gov ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From szmanta at uncwil.edu Sun Jun 17 11:50:56 2001 From: szmanta at uncwil.edu (Alina M. Szmant) Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2001 11:50:56 -0400 Subject: ISRS membership In-Reply-To: <20010616132837.3490.qmail@web10807.mail.yahoo.com> Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.20010617115056.01ecc120@pop.uncwil.edu> Dear Melissa: The ISRS website is hosted by UNCW and you can find information about how to join as well as about the society's mission etc at: http://www.uncwil.edu/isrs/ Thank you for your interest! Alina At 06:28 AM 6/16/01 -0700, mel keys wrote: > I'm a reader of the Coral List, and I would gladly >become a member of ISRS, if I knew where to apply. >Could you please help? > Thank you. > Regards, > Melissa Keyes > St. Croix, US Virgin Islands > >__________________________________________________ >Do You Yahoo!? >Spot the hottest trends in music, movies, and more. >http://buzz.yahoo.com/ > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From kat1003 at cus.cam.ac.uk Sat Jun 16 08:56:02 2001 From: kat1003 at cus.cam.ac.uk (kat1003 at cus.cam.ac.uk) Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 13:56:02 +0100 Subject: Reef Encounter - Second Call For Contributions In-Reply-To: Message-ID: <562317318.992699762@cugd-pc-179.geog.cam.ac.uk> NEWSLETTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR REEF STUDIES News, Views and Reviews REEF ENCOUNTER No. 30 SECOND CALL FOR CONTRIBUTIONS Reef Encounter is looking for articles for the next issue (due out in September 2001). We welcome contributions from 300 - 1200 words on any aspect of reef studies, including news, comments, short reviews (but not original scientific data) and also illustrations/cartoons. Our final deadline is 1st July, but we appreciate receiving early contributions. Please send your ideas for articles and the articles themselves to our email address ReefEncounter at bigfoot.com. You will receive an email acknowledgment from one of the editors within a couple of days (if you don't please check back!). Illustrations and hard copy can be mailed to the following address: Kristian Teleki Department of Geography University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 3EN United Kingdom If you need style guidelines, take a look at recent back issues at the society's webpage www.uncwil.edu/isrs. Thank you! Maggie Watson Kristian Teleki Maria Joao Rodrigues Karenne Tunne If you are interested in joining the society and receiving Reef Encounter and the journal Coral Reefs, you can find more details on the web page. www.uncwil.edu/isrs ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From howzit at turtles.org Mon Jun 18 07:56:57 2001 From: howzit at turtles.org (Ursula Keuper-Bennett) Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 07:56:57 -0400 Subject: Algae Bloom along coral reefs in West Maui, Hawaii In-Reply-To: <003d01c0f1da$4f5c7dc0$d9e31d3f@default> Message-ID: <4.3.2.7.2.20010610191442.02703c70@localhost> Dear Coral Reef and Algae researchers, We're writing to make you aware of a major Cladophora algae bloom at our dive site in Maui --a main Hawaiian island. Local papers have published several articles about the extent of this bloom. The most recent appeared yesterday in the Maui News: We're sharing this information because of its relevance to coral reefs, phycology and environmental degradation. The papers report that columns of algae "stretch for miles from Kapalua to Black Rock in Kaanapali in west Maui." Our dive site is dead centre of these two places. Yesterday's Maui News article reads, "'It is in an uncontrolled state,' said Vickie Betts, resort manager with Kahana Village. The condominium project has hired two workers to keep the shoreline clear of the seaweed that began piling up on the shoreline from Napili to Honokowai at the beginning of May." Honokowai is our dive site and the home of the turtles we write about on our webpage, Turtle Trax. While the papers report this 2001 bloom to be the first since 1991, there were actually blooms in 1998, 99 and 2000 --each progressively worse than the other --with last summer's as bad as the original bloom of 1989. This new 2001 bloom will make the fourth consecutive Cladophora bloom. We suspect that like the past three summers, there will be a Lyngbya majuscula bloom as well. (Lyngbya has a reputation for being toxic; Cladophora does not.) Worse, the newspapers' descriptions lead us to anticipate this newest bloom will be on level with that of 1991. If it IS as bad as 1991, the 2001 bloom will be a killer for corals, unlike the previous three years. We continue to sweep the Internet for news reports of algae blooms --especially blooms in green turtle foraging habitat. Our own interests are in --but not limited to-- Cladophora and Lyngbya blooms. For example, we know that Moreton Bay, Australia has experienced progressively worse annual Lyngbya blooms for several years now. There appear to be annual Cladophora blooms sliming the water and littering the beaches in some part of the Florida west coast. At Honokowai, these blooms coat conventional turtle forage --although he have no idea what effect if any this has on the turtles. We're posting these mpgs because we want list members to see what we see underwater --the extent of these blooms--and view clips of turtles living in these conditions. We hope this will be of particular interest to researchers working with blooms elsewhere. (Note from 1988 through 1995 we did not use a filter on our camera so video appears blue-green) 1991: Bloom on a strong current day and how it killed coral Ursula sinking into the stuff --the sheer volume that collected between reefs. There's nothing wrong with this footage --that's what conditions were like! 1998: Typical of our green turtle pasture/residency site. Here Lyngbya mixes with Cladophora coating extensive fields of Halimeda. With the volume of Lyngbya came a "bloom" of sea hares (Stylocheilus) in the water column and yet many times more thousands littering the ocean bottom. 1999: Cladophora and Lyngbya bloom together again. And effect on turtles? Cladophora/Lyngbya snags a tumoured turtle. This is our friend Polzbarney known since 1995 when he was an apparently healthy youngster. Here in 1999 Cladophora trails from his eye tumours. 2000 --last summer: Peter at a place we call The Graveyard because it's where the worst-case tumoured turtles prefer to hang out. We have several "favourite" corals that survived the early 90's blooms and we've been helping them out during the last three bloom summers. Cleaning algae from them has become part of our routine. The trouble is they needed someone picking them clean all of this May and June. And this was typical inshore --one to one-and-a-half meter depth. Algae drifted and collected making navigating the shallows worst of all. In those shallows are where the juvenile sea turtles feed daily... And there's every indication 2001 will be worse than this. If anyone knows of other tropical/semi-tropical areas blighted by repeated Cladophora and/or Lyngbya blooms we'd be interested in comparing notes. Please feel free to pass this on to others who you think might find this of interest, Or better yet --people who would be able to offer INSIGHT into what on EARTH is happening here. And why it's happened four summers in a row. Quotes from news story suggest these blooms are "natural". Thank you for reading this far, Ursula and Peter ---------------------------------------------------- ^ Ursula Keuper-Bennett 0 0 mailto: howzit at turtles.org /V^\ /^V\ /V Turtle Trax V\ http://www.turtles.org / \ "Men have forgotten this truth," said the fox. "But you must not forget it. You become responsible, forever, for what you have tamed." \ / --The Fox shares his secret / \ / \ Antoine de Saint-Exup?ry /__| V |__\ malama na honu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Juliet.Martinez at worldbook.com Mon Jun 18 10:32:22 2001 From: Juliet.Martinez at worldbook.com (Juliet Martinez) Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 09:32:22 -0500 Subject: Please help with research questions Message-ID: Dear Coral List, I am a researcher/fact checker at World Book Encyclopedia, currently checking the article entitled "coral reef" that will appear in the 2002 print edition. I have a few questions on statements that appear in the most recent draft, but which I am having difficulty verifying in current literature. Austin Bowden-Kerby answered some of my questions and suggested I address the list with the others. 1. Does everyone agree that the Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest reef system by area? Does anyone know the actual length (I know it's about 2000 km, but would prefer a more exact measurement) and area for the GBR? One source I have says that the largest reef system is a fringing reef system in the Red Sea, at 4000 km long. In search of these answers I have emailed the Australian Geological Survey and Reefbase, but gotten no response. 2. Do coral reefs occur in the subtropics? The article contributor says they do, but since most of my sources say that coral reefs occur in the tropics only, I could use some examples of sub-tropical coral reefs. I also realize that non-hermatypic corals grow in much colder water, deeper in the ocean, and outside of the tropics, but do they occur as far north as the Arctic Circle? 3. To what family do the sea grasses belong? The lily family? 4. What is the best authoritative estimate of the total species richness of coral ecosystems? I've found the following: "thousands" (Castro and Huber. Marine Biology. 1992), "tens of thousands" (NOAA's coral page), and "one to nine million" (Marjorie Reaka-Kudla, cited in Science, and by the World Resource Institute). How would most of the coral reef scientists ballpark it? I'm looking for the current scientific consensus on it. Also: What is the ballpark number of reef-building coral species? 5. How old are the oldest known coral reefs? 6. Some sources list coral reefs as an important carbon sink. Others say that the coral reefs only account for about 2% of global carbon storage, and contend that as such, they are not a significant carbon sink. Again, I'm looking for the scientific consensus on this, if one exists. I appreciate the assistance of any and all who can take the time to reply. Please bear in mind that the goal of the article is to present an informative article that reflects current scientific consensus. Also, please include your position and credentials so that I can cite your assistance in my list of sources. Thank you, Juliet Martinez Research Department World Book Encyclopedia 233 N. Michigan, Suite 2000 Chicago, IL 60601 P: 312-819-6554 F: 312-729-5612 E: jmartine at worldbook.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu Mon Jun 18 12:02:55 2001 From: jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu (John McManus) Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 12:02:55 -0400 Subject: Message for ISRS Members In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010614085124.00c61250@email.aims.gov.au> Message-ID: If the journal were entirely on the web, in downloadable pdf form, one might pay for the processing through inexpensive subscriptions to gain access, maybe $5 - $10 per year. This low cost accessibility could expand the readership and membership. As CD-ROMs now cost less than a dollar each to press, and are very inexpensive to mail, they could be on hand with the journal loaded, to send on request for a small fee. Very few places that have the journal now do not also have PCs. Just an idea to look into... John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org -----Original Message----- From: owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov [mailto:owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov] On Behalf Of Terry Done Sent: Wednesday, June 13, 2001 6:55 PM To: fazapata at zoology.up.ac.za; coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: RE: Message for ISRS Members Dear Fernando and Coral-Listers, Fernando raises some good points about problems in scientific publishing in general, and calls on the International Society for Reef Studies to set a good example for other scientific societies. This is certainly a worthwhile issue for ISRS to debate among its members. I believe ISRS already do set a good example in the way we operate in relation to publishing. It is quite true that many of those we would like to have access to Coral Reefs are in third world countries (and, incidentally, where the internet is not always available to all those whom we would like to read Coral Reefs and Reef Encounter, our newsletter). Hence, the printed version is still essential for us to meet our obligations to our members. Members of ISRS receive the journal Coral Reefs (4 issues and ~400 pages per year) plus the newsletter Reef Encounter (2 issues and ~ 80 pages per year) for a subscription of US$80. i.e. about 17c per page, delivered. Coral Reefs is inexpensive compared to many other journals, and in terms of quality and citations, it has rated well among scientific journals in recent years. Financial th internet access can access an electronic version of Coral Reefs before the printed version is distributed. (See instructions on inside cover of Coral Reefs. Members will be given more specific details shortly). Everyone is welcome to check the Contents of Coral Reefs and to read Reef Encounter on the ISRS web-site at www.uncwil.edu/isrs. Regards, Terry Done President International Society for Reef Studies At 11:20 7/06/01 +0200, FA Zapata wrote: >Dear Coral listers and ISRS memebers, > > Knowing that I may be entering rough waters, with all due respect > to Dr. >Done and ISRS members, and not knowing what kind of problems are causing the >delay in the publication of Coral Reefs and what sort of negotiations are >being worked out with Springer-Verlag, isn't it perhaps time to re-evaluate >how the society should publish its journal (Coral Reefs)? If we think about >the primary purpose of the journal as a means of communicating our research >findings, shouldn't we consider alternative options? For one, with the >current ease and relatively much lower cost of publication on electronic >media and widespread access to the internet, shouldn't we consider the >option of publishing the journal online based on the ISRS web page with free >access to the full text of papers but without losing the rigour of peer >review and high quality of the papers? > > Some of you may be aware of the current debate on the future of > scientific >publishing (see for instance >http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/index.html ). Maybe it is time >that we ISRS members debate the future of our society's journal as well. As >an ISRS member from a less-developed country, I regularly experience the >frustration of not having access to the primary literature because of its >incredibly high cost. While Coral Reefs has been exceptional to some extent >in this regard (although many students in less developed countries cannot >afford to subscribe to the journal), many other journals are completely out >of reach due to their high cost. For instance, my university has never had >subscriptions to some of these journals, or has cancelled its subscritptions >because could not afford them any more. I imagine that similar situations >occur at other institutions throughout the third world. Since most coral >reefs are in third-world countries, I would think that it is in the interest >of the society to provide access to its journal to scientists, managers, >policy makers, and students in these countries. Perhaps the ISRS could set >an example for other scientific societies. > >Just some food for thought. > >Fernando A. Zapata >Dpto. de Biologia >Universidad del Valle >Cali, Colombia >On leave at: >Department of Zoology and Entomology >University of Pretoria >Pretoria 0002 >South Africa > >Ph. (+ 27-12) 420-4611 >Fax. (+ 27-12) 362-5242 > >E-Mail: fazapata at zoology.up.ac.za > > >-----Original Message----- >From: owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov >[mailto:owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov]On Behalf Of Terry Done >Sent: Thursday, June 07, 2001 1:25 AM >To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov >Subject: Message for ISRS Members > > >Coral Reefs > >I am happy to say that Volume 19(4) of Coral Reefs is now in the mail, and >I apologize to members for delay, and thank you for your patience. For >those new members who paid in Bali to commence membership in 2001, we still >hope that you will receive all four issues of Volume 20 this calendar year. >Dick Dodge and his editorial team are working hard with publisher Springer >Verlag to bring this about. > >Best wishes, > >Terry Done >President >International Society for Reef Studies > > > > > > > >Dr Terry Done >Leader Sustaining Living Marine Resources Project >Australian Institute of Marine Science >PMB #3 Mail Centre, >Townsville Qld 4810 >Australia > >Phone 61 7 47 534 344 >Fax 61 7 47 725 852 >email: tdone at aims.gov.au > >WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium >www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. Dr Terry Done Leader Sustaining Living Marine Resources Project Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB #3 Mail Centre, Townsville Qld 4810 Australia Phone 61 7 47 534 344 Fax 61 7 47 725 852 email: tdone at aims.gov.au WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From riskmj at mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca Tue Jun 19 06:57:30 2001 From: riskmj at mcmail.cis.mcmaster.ca (Mike Risk) Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 06:57:30 -0400 Subject: Sad news-Don McAllister Message-ID: <005001c0f8b3$f75d5fa0$12c17182@MyHost> It is with great sadness that I report the death of Don McAllister, June 17. Don was a ceaseless, courageous, selfless defender of the environment in general, and coral reefs in particular, and he will be sorely missed. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010619/0b3f1306/attachment.html From jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu Mon Jun 18 10:52:33 2001 From: jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu (John McManus) Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 10:52:33 -0400 Subject: Measuring growth of shape in stony corals -- the fractal problem Message-ID: <200106191147.LAA11323@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> In response to an inquiry about paint precision: A thin latex paint covers the surfaces fairly evenly - enough to contrast surface areas of major life forms. However, precision in this case would raise interesting questions. The surface of a coral is highly fractal. The coastline of the UK (or any geographic body) has no specific length - only a length as measured by a particular set of tools (photo scales, etc.) and a fractal index. Similarly, the surface area one measures on a coral skeleton is dependent on the tool - in this case, the viscosity and other properties of the paint. If one used an extremely fine single molecule paint, the surface area would be huge! The paint would then sink into pores wrap around spines and ridges, etc. Differences in area tend to be in squares (difference in one dimension times another), so the differences in surface area measure among various surface measuring devices and techniques could be more than those found among coastline estimations (which typically vary by 50% to 200%). Note that though the "flat" area (the integral) within a fractal body is often fairly constant despite the measuring approach used to estimate the perimeter, that does not apply to convoluted 3D surfaces. I mention this because the principle would apply no matter how one measured the surface (by photos, lasers, etc), even if you are talking about live corals with tissue spread out over tentacles, pores, etc. There will be no "correct" answer. One has to restrict comparisons to objects measured the same way. John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From I.Tibbetts at mailbox.uq.edu.au Mon Jun 18 16:58:49 2001 From: I.Tibbetts at mailbox.uq.edu.au (Ian Tibbetts) Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 06:58:49 +1000 Subject: Lyngbya Message-ID: <200106191148.LAA11347@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Dear Ursula Keuper-Bennett (and possible others who will get this), I am part of a team looking at the Lyngbya blooms in Moreton Bay, Australia. We have a large population of green turtles here that seem to be succumbing to fibropapilloma. We are planning a small research project to look at turtle health, Lyngbya toxin loads in turtles and the effects of Lyngbya on their food. While Lyngbya has been around for a very long time it does seem to be increasing its frequency and severity of infestation. I have seen it on the GBR but in relatively low biomass and very patchily distributed. My lab has also worked with Stylocheilus. It is a remarkable consumer of Lyngbya and has fantastic growth rates. Unless we can identify and close down the causal factors in bloom generation they offer one of the few potential biological control agents. I'd be keen to know if you got any Haminoea (anbother mollusc) in the bloom and if you noted large numbers of Metis (a large red harpacticoid). Cheers, Ian Dr Ian Tibbetts Lecturer in Fish Biology Director Moreton Bay Research Station Director International Studies Centre for Marine Studies ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Don_Catanzaro at nps.gov Tue Jun 19 17:31:37 2001 From: Don_Catanzaro at nps.gov (Don Catanzaro) Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 17:31:37 -0400 Subject: Vacancy Message-ID: <00BABE2E.C22031@nps.gov> Hi All, Sorry about the delay, the first posting did not come through because of the large attachment, please view the announcement on the web. The announcement will be open for two more weeks. ================================================================================ =============== The Virgin Islands / South Florida Prototype Long Term Ecological Monitoring Program is now advertising for an Ecologist / Database Manager, please see the announcement on the OPM (Office of Personnel Management) website (www.usajobs.opm.gov) for all details. The major duties will include standardizing the many datasets and databases collected by the program, assisting in data collection, and gearing up our GIS and RS capabilities. The position is a GS-11, with 22.5% Cost of Living Adjustment (which is not taxable by the IRS). If you know people that are interested, please encourage them to apply. There are a few things to remember: 1) Applicants must be US Citizens 2) Applicants must have 200 dives and database experience 3) Applicants MUST follow the directions very carefully, one form needs to be sent to Georgia. 4) As you may be aware, OPM is very particular in their ranking, applicants need to be explicit in how their qualifications match up to the job description. The individuals ranking the applicants will not have biological backgrounds, so be explicit ! 5) DO NOT SEND APPLICATIONS TO ME, as mandated by law I have to throw them away. I will receive a ranked list of applicants from OPM, so please be very careful when applying. Good Luck -Don -------------------------------------------- Carpe Dogma --------------------------------------------- Dr. Donald G. Catanzaro Don_Catanzaro at nps.gov National Park Service Virgin Islands / South Florida Long Term Ecological Monitoring Program PO Box 710 Ph: 340-693-8950 ext. 230 St. John, USVI 00831 Fax: 340-693-9500 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Brylske at aol.com Wed Jun 20 17:24:45 2001 From: Brylske at aol.com (Brylske at aol.com) Date: Wed, 20 Jun 2001 17:24:45 EDT Subject: Spawning divers Message-ID: A question arose recently from a diver that I was hesitant to answer until I gathered some expert opinion. It relates to the issue of diver impact on coral reefs. But unlike the usual concern, which involves direct damage to reef structure, this query involved another form of potential impact?disturbance during mass spawning events. A similar issue has already arisen with respect to the closure of the Tortugas South reserve if to scuba diving. The rationale, which I?m proud to say that the diving industry has largely supported, is the avoidance of disturbance to known fish spawning aggregations in this area. However, the question at hand does not involve fish, but coral spawning. The diver wondered whether there might be some detrimental impact when scuba divers are present during mass spawning events. The concern was raised because many dive operators are now promoting tours specifically to observe these events. My gut, less-than-expert reaction was that, given the large area of such spawning events and the relatively small area where diving activities might take place, the presence of divers is likely to be negligible, if not totally inconsequential. Further, my understanding is that the lipid content of the gamete packets make them buoyant, so fertilization does not occur under water, but at the surface when the packets break up. This would seem to further negate the effect of divers in the water. So, I?d love to hear experts in this arena chime in and wax poetic. Do you believe that such diving activity could have any significant detrimental consequences, and if so how? Might the mere presence of divers inhibit gamete release? Could the exhaust bubble actually facilitate the breaking up the packets? I can't promise that this thread will be as entertaining as the recent discussion of the role of overfishing, but it?s a legitimate concern of some of the more environmentally-aware members of the recreational diving community. Your insights would be much appreciated. Alex F. Brylske, Ph.D. Marine Conservation & Education Specialist Project AWARE Foundation Please respond to: 3324 SW 8th Court Cape Coral, Florida 33914 USA 800-729-7234, ext. 675 (phone-US toll free) 941-945-1987 (phone) 941-945-1926 (fax) alexb at padi.com (Email) brylske at aol.com (Email) www.projectaware.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From mkuenen at cura.net Thu Jun 21 00:06:58 2001 From: mkuenen at cura.net (Maureen Kuenen) Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 00:06:58 -0400 Subject: Spawning divers References: Message-ID: <3B3172E2.6105033F@cura.net> I believe that the potential damage that divers could do to the actual gametes once they are in the water column is negligible compared to all other life threatening stages these still have to go through. My concern would go more to the brooders or to the parent colonies. The problem involved with promoting coral spawning is that lot's of divers want to see it, even novice divers. You are dealing with night dives and close up observation here and as everybody knows that chances of damaging corals (and other life) are much bigger in these situations. I've seen experienced divers taking pictures of spawning coral while laying on other corals surrounding it. (Keep in mind that the parent colony will spawn next time again if still in good condition) Dive operators that really care about the reef should deal with these things. I hope this answers some questions ? ? Brylske at aol.com wrote: > ??? A question arose recently from a diver that I was hesitant to answer > until I gathered some expert opinion. It relates to the issue of diver impact > on coral reefs. But unlike the usual concern, which involves direct damage to > reef structure, this query involved another form of potential > impact???disturbance during mass spawning events. A similar issue has already > arisen with respect to the closure of the Tortugas South reserve if to scuba > diving. The rationale, which I???m proud to say that the diving industry has > largely supported, is the avoidance of disturbance to known fish spawning > aggregations in this area. However, the question at hand does not involve > fish, but coral spawning. The diver wondered whether there might be some > detrimental impact when scuba divers are present during mass spawning events. > The concern was raised because many dive operators are now promoting tours > specifically to observe these events. > > ??? My gut, less-than-expert reaction was that, given the large area of such > spawning events and the relatively small area where diving activities might > take place, the presence of divers is likely to be negligible, if not totally > inconsequential. Further, my understanding is that the lipid content of the > gamete packets make them buoyant, so fertilization does not occur under > water, but at the surface when the packets break up. This would seem to > further negate the effect of divers in the water. > > ??? So, I???d love to hear experts in this arena chime in and wax poetic. Do > you believe that such diving activity could have any significant detrimental > consequences, and if so how? Might the mere presence of divers inhibit gamete > release? Could the exhaust bubble actually facilitate the breaking up the > packets? I can't promise that this thread will be as entertaining as the > recent discussion of the role of overfishing, but it???s a legitimate concern > of some of the more environmentally-aware members of the recreational diving > community. Your insights would be much appreciated. > > Alex F. Brylske, Ph.D. > Marine Conservation & Education Specialist > Project AWARE Foundation > > Please respond to: > 3324 SW 8th Court > Cape Coral, Florida 33914 > USA > 800-729-7234, ext. 675 (phone-US toll free) > 941-945-1987 (phone) > 941-945-1926 (fax) > alexb at padi.com (Email) > brylske at aol.com (Email) > www.projectaware.org > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010621/d298f746/attachment.html From lirs at bigpond.com Wed Jun 20 23:55:56 2001 From: lirs at bigpond.com (Lizard Island Research Station) Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 13:55:56 +1000 Subject: Fellowship announcement Message-ID: <00e001c0fa06$5a576a80$79498690@thr2s> Applications are invited for the 2002 Lizard Island Doctoral Fellowship. The Fellowship is open to PhD students at any university to support field work for a significant coral reef project at the Lizard Island Research Station on the Great Barrier Reef. Information is available at: http://www.amonline.net.au/lizard/index.htm Closing date is 1 October 2001. Dr Anne Hoggett and Dr Lyle Vail, Directors Lizard Island Research Station PMB 37, Cairns, Qld 4870 Australia Phone and fax: +61 (0)7 4060 3977 E-mail: lizard at austmus.gov.au See our new web site: http://www.amonline.net.au/lizard/index.htm -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010621/2b163de4/attachment.html From lirs at bigpond.com Wed Jun 20 23:56:11 2001 From: lirs at bigpond.com (Lizard Island Research Station) Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 13:56:11 +1000 Subject: Lizard Island Research Station - new website Message-ID: <00e201c0fa06$62c99620$79498690@thr2s> The Lizard Island Research Station on Australia's Great Barrier Reef has a new web site at http://www.amonline.net.au/lizard/index.htm. See the facilities, the scope of past and on-going work, and publication lists. Find detailed information about planning a research visit or a student group trip to Lizard Island. Investigate the Lizard Island Doctoral Fellowship - applications close on 1 October 2001. Have a look! Dr Anne Hoggett and Dr Lyle Vail, Directors Lizard Island Research Station PMB 37, Cairns, Qld 4870 Australia Phone and fax: +61 (0)7 4060 3977 E-mail: lizard at austmus.gov.au See our new web site: http://www.amonline.net.au/lizard/index.htm -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010621/ff28c464/attachment.html From szmanta at uncwil.edu Thu Jun 21 00:34:12 2001 From: szmanta at uncwil.edu (Alina M. Szmant) Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 00:34:12 -0400 Subject: Spawning divers Message-ID: <3.0.32.20010621003411.006ab1d8@pop.uncwil.edu> As one who has spent a lot of time trying to catch spawn, I will venture an opinion: I largely agree with your assessment that a few divers in the water during spawning can cause little harm. However, since humans are so prone to excess, I caution that large numbers of divers and boats in more confined reef areas might concern me especially if the boats could be leaking fuel or oil that could cause a toxic surface slick (gametes could become contaminated). That the corals spawn so late at night will hopefully preclude spawn watching from becoming too big of an attraction. Alina Szmant At 05:24 PM 6/20/2001 -0400, Brylske at aol.com wrote: > A question arose recently from a diver that I was hesitant to answer >until I gathered some expert opinion. It relates to the issue of diver impact >on coral reefs. But unlike the usual concern, which involves direct damage to >reef structure, this query involved another form of potential >impact???disturbance during mass spawning events. A similar issue has already >arisen with respect to the closure of the Tortugas South reserve if to scuba >diving. The rationale, which I???m proud to say that the diving industry has >largely supported, is the avoidance of disturbance to known fish spawning >aggregations in this area. However, the question at hand does not involve >fish, but coral spawning. The diver wondered whether there might be some >detrimental impact when scuba divers are present during mass spawning events. >The concern was raised because many dive operators are now promoting tours >specifically to observe these events. > > My gut, less-than-expert reaction was that, given the large area of such >spawning events and the relatively small area where diving activities might >take place, the presence of divers is likely to be negligible, if not totally >inconsequential. Further, my understanding is that the lipid content of the >gamete packets make them buoyant, so fertilization does not occur under >water, but at the surface when the packets break up. This would seem to >further negate the effect of divers in the water. > > So, I???d love to hear experts in this arena chime in and wax poetic. Do >you believe that such diving activity could have any significant detrimental >consequences, and if so how? Might the mere presence of divers inhibit gamete >release? Could the exhaust bubble actually facilitate the breaking up the >packets? I can't promise that this thread will be as entertaining as the >recent discussion of the role of overfishing, but it???s a legitimate concern >of some of the more environmentally-aware members of the recreational diving >community. Your insights would be much appreciated. > > >Alex F. Brylske, Ph.D. >Marine Conservation & Education Specialist >Project AWARE Foundation > >Please respond to: >3324 SW 8th Court >Cape Coral, Florida 33914 >USA >800-729-7234, ext. 675 (phone-US toll free) >941-945-1987 (phone) >941-945-1926 (fax) >alexb at padi.com (Email) >brylske at aol.com (Email) >www.projectaware.org >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ***************************************************************** Dr. Alina M. Szmant Center for Marine Science University of North Carolina at Wilmington One Marvin K. Moss Lane Wilmington NC 28409 TEL: (910)962-2362 FAX: (910)962-2410 email: szmanta at uncwil.edu ***************************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From j.oliver at cgiar.org Thu Jun 21 01:07:46 2001 From: j.oliver at cgiar.org (Jamie Oliver) Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 13:07:46 +0800 Subject: Please help with research questions Message-ID: <000a01c0fa10$1c8b8420$3d0110ac@jamieoliver> Dear Juliet, Thank you for your efforts to provide accurate information on coral reefs in the World Book Encyclopaedia. Due to relocation of the ReefBase office, I was not able to respond to your email from last Thursday. I'd like to take this opportunity to address questions 1-4 through the coral list (see below), to allow for further feedback/comments from other coral scientists. Hope this is of help. Regards, Dr. Jamie Oliver Project Leader ICLARM-The World Fish Center 1. Does everyone agree that the Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest reef system by area? Does anyone know the actual length (I know it's about 2000 km, but would prefer a more exact measurement) and area for the GBR? One source I have says that the largest reef system is a fringing reef system in the Red Sea, at 4000 km long. In search of these answers I have emailed the Australian Geological Survey and ReefBase, but gotten no response. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (www.gbrmpa.gov.au), lists a length of 2300 km and a total area of 347 800 km2 for the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. This includes deep waters, non-reef areas etc, but excludes the area of the Torres Straits north of the tip of Cape York. About 6% of the listed area is estimated to be actual coral reefs, amounting to 20 868 km2. Whether this is the largest area for any reef system in the world, depends on your definition of a Reef System. The 4000 km you mentioned for the Red Sea, probably reflects the Red Sea coastline where coral reefs are abundant but highly scattered. Even if you consider all Red Sea reefs to be a single system in the same way that the GBR is considered a single system, then the total area of reefs is probably less than the GBR (although the length is greater). However if you consider the archipelagic fringing reefs of Indonesia to be a single system then this would certainly amount to more than the GBR. If you define reef system to be a visually distinct aggregation of shallow reefs then the GBR is clearly the largest in the world, with the Belize Barrier Reef system coming in second. UNEP-WCMC have recently completed a World Atlas of Coral Reefs which contains the most accurate information on coral reef area per country (http://www.unep-wcmc.org/marine/coralatlas/). This atlas will be published in a few months time. Ultimately it is hoped that queries on reef area and other UNEP-WCMC derived reef statistics will be possible via UNEP-WCMC and ReefBase websites. =============================================================== 2. Do coral reefs occur in the subtropics? The article contributor says they do, but since most of my sources say that coral reefs occur in the tropics only, I could use some examples of sub-tropical coral reefs. I also realize that non-hermatypic corals grow in much colder water, deeper in the ocean, and outside of the tropics, but do they occur as far north as the Arctic Circle? -------------------------------------------------- Yes, coral reefs do occur in the subtropics where currents provide warm tropical water, but they are best developed in the tropics. A good example is Bermuda (32.3 N), which is in the Gulf Stream. Other examples of sub-tropical reefs can be found for Japan. The highest latitude reefs have been reported for Iki Island, Japan (N 33'48"/E130'00"). In the southern hemisphere, examples of high latitude reefs include Lord Howe Island (31.5 S) and the Houtman Abrolhos reefs (29 S) off eastern and Western Australia respectively. An excellent source for further information on coral biogeography is: Veron, J.E.N. (1995). Corals in Space and Time. Australian Institute of Marine Science. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, USA. ============================================================== 3. To what family do the sea grasses belong? The lily family? ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Seagrasses are the sole marine representative of the Angiospermae. They all belong to the order Helobiae, in two families: Potamogetonaceae and Hydrocharitaceae. They are closely related to lillies (family Lilliacea), but belong to different families. E.g. see: http://www.unep.org/unep/gpa/padh/seagrass.htm#ques ========================================================================== 4. What is the best authoritative estimate of the total species richness of coral ecosystems? I've found the following: "thousands" (Castro and Huber. Marine Biology. 1992), "tens of thousands" (NOAA's coral page), and "one to nine million" (Marjorie Reaka-Kudla, cited in Science, and by the World Resource Institute). How would most of the coral reef scientists ballpark it? I'm looking for the current scientific consensus on it. Also: What is the ballpark number of reef-building coral species? I would not like to hazard a guess regarding the total number of species on coral reefs. However, there are 794 hermatypic Scleractinia (reefbuilding corals) which have been described. The authoritative publication on coral species taxonomy is: Veron, J.E.N. (2000). Corals of the World. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Jamie Oliver Senior Scientist (Coral Reef Projects) ICLARM - The World Fish Center PO Box 500, Penang 10670 Phone: (604) 626 1606 Fax: (604) 626 5530 email: J.Oliver at cgiar.org Jamie Oliver Senior Scientist (Coral Reef Projects) ICLARM - The World Fish Center PO Box 500, Penang 10670 Phone: (604) 626 1606 Fax: (604) 626 5530 email: J.Oliver at cgiar.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From crcp at africaonline.co.ke Wed Jun 20 05:42:36 2001 From: crcp at africaonline.co.ke (CRCP) Date: Wed, 20 Jun 2001 12:42:36 +0300 Subject: Message for ISRS Members References: <4.3.2.7.2.20010607083339.00c19e60@email.aims.gov.au> <4.3.2.7.2.20010614085124.00c61250@email.aims.gov.au> <040501c0f4d5$753b3600$3c8dfea9@MyHost> Message-ID: <3B30700B.9FF02847@africaonline.co.ke> Mike, Terry and others, The attempt to get more subscriptions of the journal "Coral Reefs" to developing countries was partially successful by the establishment of the "Sustaining Members" category a few years ago. The money raised from this membership category is used for subscriptions and scholarships, largely for developing world students. Individuals who would like reduced membership and the journal can do so by writing to Rich Aronson . Individuals who would like to see these activities happen should pay the sustaining membership fee every year. The number of Sustaining Members has vacillated around ten individuals since its inception in 1998 which probably generates less than $500 per year. This is far too few to offer more than a few reduced memberships and the free distribution of journals. I would also like to see a small grants program develop from this fund. For this to happen more people need to join under this membership category to increase the money available for these types of charity activities. Please become a sustaining member so we can do more for the countries with the reefs that we love. Tim McClanahan Mike Risk wrote: > Terry (and others): > > I hesitate to enter this debate because, like most debates concerning coral > reefs, it has already been done elsewhere... > > I certainly understand that, without ISRS subscriptions, there would be no > Coral Reefs. Journals published by professional societies generally give > good value. On the other hand: Coral Reefs is a rare bird, in that it > contains papers written largely by those of us in the developed world, > describing an ecosystem that is largely owned by the Third World. There are > few journals, and few professional societies, sharing this distinction. > > At Ginsburg's 1993 (?) meeting in Miami, on Health, Hazards and History of > Reefs, this very aspect was brought up, and pursued with some vigour by > those of us who work in lesser-developed nations. Tim McClanahan took the > matter further, and suggested to the publishers of Coral Reefs, and to > Council, that ISRS somehow acknowledge this state of affairs. Memory fades, > but I think some of the ideas suggested involved things like issue > donations, a two-tier price system, etc...basically, the response was: No. > No way to get there from here. > > This stands in contrast to the attitude taken by Inter-Science, publishers > of MEPS: a much more expensive, much more highly-cited journal than Coral > Reefs. They recently offered to donate entire back issues of some of their > journals to any deserving developing nation-one need pay only the shipping. > In describing the offer, the publishers spoke eloquently of the difference > between "them" and "us" in access to the literature, and of their desire to > alleviate this. Because of this magnanimous offer, I was able to ship > perhaps $30,000 in back issues to our partner university in Indonesia: > several marine journals, including MEPS. > > When I see this sort of thinking emanating from ISRS Council, I will know we > are in good hands. As a starter, I suggest Council bring to the membership a > resolution along the lines that each subscriber to Coral Reefs pay an > additional annual levy ($50?). This money would be used to pay for extra > copies of the journal-at publisher's cost-to be shipped to educational and > research institutions in the Third World. This would be a wonderful PR coup > for the Society. The extra levy could be designated a "charitable donation", > and hence a tax deduction. Win-win. > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Tim McClanahan Coral Reef Conservation Project The Wildlife Conservation Society Kibaki Flats #12 Kenyatta Beach, Bamburi P.O. Box 99470 Mombasa, Kenya email: crcp at africaonline.co.ke Tel O: 254 11 485570 Tel H: 486549 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From mr9 at umail.umd.edu Thu Jun 21 13:35:06 2001 From: mr9 at umail.umd.edu (Marjorie Reaka) Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 10:35:06 -0700 (Pacific Daylight Time) Subject: coral reef diversity In-Reply-To: Message-ID: The appropriate citation for my work on estimates of the number of DESCRIBED and POTENTIAL (described plus undescribed) species in coral reef ecosystems, along with a discussion of the methods and numerical basis of the calculations, and the assumptions and complexities involved in such a calculation, is Reaka-Kudla, M. L. 1997. The global biodiversity of coral reefs: a comparison with rainforests. In: M. L. Reaka-Kudla, D. L. Wilson, and E. O. Wilson, eds., Biodiversity II: Understanding and Protecting Our Natural Resources. Joseph Henry/National Academy Press, Washington DC, pp. 83-108. I concluded that there are about 93,000 described species of all taxa (including microoganisms) and about 68,000 described species of macrobiota. This is about 5% of the described global biota. If one tries to estimate how many total species there MIGHT be on global world reefs, one can use a variety of data and methods, including the estimates of the % of species among all organismal groups that have already been described (e.g., Systematic Agenda 2000 and other reports)--and thus how many remain to be described, and how many species coral reefs might have IF they possessed the same species/area as rainforests (and using bracketed numbers from published estimates of total numbers of species in rainforests). I concluded (p. 102) that total coral reef diversity (known plus unknown species, including microorgansisms) might be about a million species (the calculation suggested 950,000). However, the number could be higher, since microorganismal diversity is so poorly known, since even most macroscopic species on coral reefs are cryptic and difficult to collect, since many of these species of small body size have small geographic ranges, and since the tropics and marine environments (especially in remote regions) receive less study than terrestrial and higher latitude environments. It has been a source of considerable consternation to me that this work, and the careful bracketing of assumptions and numbers underlying it, has been badly misquoted by some individuals and the World Resources Institute who apparently did not read the paper and treated it as if it was just a wild guess. On Mon, 18 Jun 2001 09:32:22 -0500 Juliet Martinez wrote: > Dear Coral List, > > I am a researcher/fact checker at World Book Encyclopedia, currently checking the article entitled "coral reef" that will appear in the 2002 print edition. I have a few questions on statements that appear in the most recent draft, but which I am having difficulty verifying in current literature. Austin Bowden-Kerby answered some of my questions and suggested I address the list with the others. > > 1. Does everyone agree that the Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest reef system by area? Does anyone know the actual length (I know it's about 2000 km, but would prefer a more exact measurement) and area for the GBR? One source I have says that the largest reef system is a fringing reef system in the Red Sea, at 4000 km long. In search of these answers I have emailed the Australian Geological Survey and Reefbase, but gotten no response. > > 2. Do coral reefs occur in the subtropics? The article contributor says they do, but since most of my sources say that coral reefs occur in the tropics only, I could use some examples of sub-tropical coral reefs. I also realize that non-hermatypic corals grow in much colder water, deeper in the ocean, and outside of the tropics, but do they occur as far north as the Arctic Circle? > > 3. To what family do the sea grasses belong? The lily family? > > 4. What is the best authoritative estimate of the total species richness of coral ecosystems? I've found the following: "thousands" (Castro and Huber. Marine Biology. 1992), "tens of thousands" (NOAA's coral page), and "one to nine million" (Marjorie Reaka-Kudla, cited in Science, and by the World Resource Institute). How would most of the coral reef scientists ballpark it? I'm looking for the current scientific consensus on it. Also: What is the ballpark number of reef-building coral species? > > 5. How old are the oldest known coral reefs? > > 6. Some sources list coral reefs as an important carbon sink. Others say that the coral reefs only account for about 2% of global carbon storage, and contend that as such, they are not a significant carbon sink. Again, I'm looking for the scientific consensus on this, if one exists. > > I appreciate the assistance of any and all who can take the time to reply. Please bear in mind that the goal of the article is to present an informative article that reflects current scientific consensus. Also, please include your position and credentials so that I can cite your assistance in my list of sources. > > Thank you, > > Juliet Martinez > > Research Department > World Book Encyclopedia > 233 N. Michigan, Suite 2000 > Chicago, IL 60601 > P: 312-819-6554 > F: 312-729-5612 > E: jmartine at worldbook.com > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > ---------------------- Dr. Marjorie L. Reaka-Kudla Professor Department of Biology The University of Maryland College Park, Maryland 20742 Telephone 301-405-6944 Fax 301-314-9358 mr9 at umail.umd.edu ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From raronson at jaguar1.usouthal.edu Thu Jun 21 10:34:45 2001 From: raronson at jaguar1.usouthal.edu (Richard B. Aronson) Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 09:34:45 -0500 (CDT) Subject: Message for ISRS Members In-Reply-To: <3B30700B.9FF02847@africaonline.co.ke> Message-ID: Further to Tim's message, please note that my email address is now: raronson at disl.org You can also reach me at my "old" email address, which was mistyped in the message. It is: raronson at jaguar1.usouthal.edu ISRS welcomes inquiries about and applications for subsidized memberships. Following is text from the ISRS Society Page in Coral Reefs: Prospective members with legitimate needs are invited to request limited financial assistance with the ISRS membership fees. To make a request for financial aid, please send a letter of no more than one page by post or email (email preferred) stating the the reason for the request to the Corresponding Secretary. The deadline for requests is March 1 of each year. Kind regards, Rich ______________________________________________________________________________ Richard B. Aronson Senior Marine Scientist Dauphin Island Sea Lab 101 Bienville Boulevard Dauphin Island, AL 36528 Voice: (334) 861-7567 Fax: (334) 861-7540 email: raronson at jaguar1.usouthal.edu On Wed, 20 Jun 2001, CRCP wrote: > Mike, Terry and others, > > The attempt to get more subscriptions of the journal "Coral Reefs" to > developing countries was partially successful by the establishment of the > "Sustaining Members" category a few years ago. The money raised from this > membership category is used for subscriptions and scholarships, largely for > developing world students. Individuals who would like reduced membership and > the journal can do so by writing to Rich Aronson > . Individuals who would like to see these > activities happen should pay the sustaining membership fee every year. > > The number of Sustaining Members has vacillated around ten individuals since > its inception in 1998 which probably generates less than $500 per year. This > is far too few to offer more than a few reduced memberships and the free > distribution of journals. I would also like to see a small grants program > develop from this fund. For this to happen more people need to join under this > membership category to increase the money available for these types of charity > activities. Please become a sustaining member so we can do more for the > countries with the reefs that we love. > > Tim McClanahan > > Mike Risk wrote: > > > Terry (and others): > > > > I hesitate to enter this debate because, like most debates concerning coral > > reefs, it has already been done elsewhere... > > > > I certainly understand that, without ISRS subscriptions, there would be no > > Coral Reefs. Journals published by professional societies generally give > > good value. On the other hand: Coral Reefs is a rare bird, in that it > > contains papers written largely by those of us in the developed world, > > describing an ecosystem that is largely owned by the Third World. There are > > few journals, and few professional societies, sharing this distinction. > > > > At Ginsburg's 1993 (?) meeting in Miami, on Health, Hazards and History of > > Reefs, this very aspect was brought up, and pursued with some vigour by > > those of us who work in lesser-developed nations. Tim McClanahan took the > > matter further, and suggested to the publishers of Coral Reefs, and to > > Council, that ISRS somehow acknowledge this state of affairs. Memory fades, > > but I think some of the ideas suggested involved things like issue > > donations, a two-tier price system, etc...basically, the response was: No. > > No way to get there from here. > > > > This stands in contrast to the attitude taken by Inter-Science, publishers > > of MEPS: a much more expensive, much more highly-cited journal than Coral > > Reefs. They recently offered to donate entire back issues of some of their > > journals to any deserving developing nation-one need pay only the shipping. > > In describing the offer, the publishers spoke eloquently of the difference > > between "them" and "us" in access to the literature, and of their desire to > > alleviate this. Because of this magnanimous offer, I was able to ship > > perhaps $30,000 in back issues to our partner university in Indonesia: > > several marine journals, including MEPS. > > > > When I see this sort of thinking emanating from ISRS Council, I will know we > > are in good hands. As a starter, I suggest Council bring to the membership a > > resolution along the lines that each subscriber to Coral Reefs pay an > > additional annual levy ($50?). This money would be used to pay for extra > > copies of the journal-at publisher's cost-to be shipped to educational and > > research institutions in the Third World. This would be a wonderful PR coup > > for the Society. The extra levy could be designated a "charitable donation", > > and hence a tax deduction. Win-win. > > > > ~~~~~~~ > > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > -- > Tim McClanahan > Coral Reef Conservation Project > The Wildlife Conservation Society > Kibaki Flats #12 > Kenyatta Beach, Bamburi > P.O. Box 99470 > Mombasa, Kenya > email: crcp at africaonline.co.ke > Tel O: 254 11 485570 > Tel H: 486549 > > > > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Juliet.Martinez at worldbook.com Thu Jun 21 11:37:32 2001 From: Juliet.Martinez at worldbook.com (Juliet Martinez) Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 10:37:32 -0500 Subject: Thanks for help with research questions Message-ID: 6.21.01 Dear Coral List, Thanks to all of you who took the time to share your knowledge with me in order to verify a few difficult questions on coral reefs. I received responses from all corners of the globe, and was able to tease apart some of the thornier issues that arose while researching this article. My best to all of you in your research and conservation endeavors. Juliet Juliet Martinez Research Department World Book Encyclopedia 233 N. Michigan, Suite 2000 Chicago, IL 60601 P: 312-819-6554 F: 312-729-5612 E:Juliet.Martinez at worldbook.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From d_fountleroy at yahoo.com Fri Jun 22 04:27:10 2001 From: d_fountleroy at yahoo.com (Kartika Yarmanti) Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2001 01:27:10 -0700 (PDT) Subject: need information Message-ID: <20010622082710.58303.qmail@web12802.mail.yahoo.com> dear all, does anyone know or have information concerning the growth rate of Acropora nobilis and Acropora formosa thanks Kartika Dwi Yarmanti __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get personalized email addresses from Yahoo! Mail http://personal.mail.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From warrior at bu.edu Fri Jun 22 09:55:30 2001 From: warrior at bu.edu (Jamie D. Bechtel) Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2001 09:55:30 -0400 Subject: not sure if this is still news.... References: <200104101237.MAA09289@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Message-ID: <00bf01c0fb23$0087c9a0$e550c580@bu.edu> "Australia to end commercial coral harvest on Reef" http://www.enn.com/news/wire-stories/2001/06/06152001/reu_coral_44011.asp?si te=email ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From eshinn at usgs.gov Fri Jun 22 12:05:44 2001 From: eshinn at usgs.gov (Gene Shinn) Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2001 12:05:44 -0400 Subject: Algae bloom in Hawaii Message-ID: The report of algae on coral reefs in Hawaii was interesting..especially the comment by Windy Wiltse (EPA) in one of the newspaper website articles. "But that doesn't fit with what's being seen this year, so apparently it's not related to rainfall and runoff." So runoff and rain the ruling paradigms were not the cause? Did anyone out there notice the three huge Asian dust events that passed over the area in late April and May?. The dust storms crossed the Pacific and one blocked out the sun in Denver and then passed on out into the Atlantic. It is known that Asian dust nurishes the Hawaian rainforest (Chadwick, O. A., Derry, L. A., Vitousek, P. M., Huebert, B. J., and Hedin, L. O., Changing sources of nutrients during four million years of ecosystem development. Nature, 397, 491-497, 1999) If Asian dust brings nutrients to Hawian rainforests could it also stimulate marine algae growth..Nutrients and iron in dust can stimulate phytoplankton growth..a la Martin etc. So is it possible that this algal event is the result of increasing desertification and ever larger dust storms that start in China? Gene for more see http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/GSFC/EARTH/Toms/microbespics.htm and other nasa websites that track dust. ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/african_dust/ | E. A. Shinn email eshinn at usgs.gov USGS Center for Coastal Geology | 600 4th St. South | voice (727) 803-8747 x3030 St.Petersburg, FL 33701 | fax (727) 803-2032 ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------- ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From smiller at gate.net Fri Jun 22 13:00:24 2001 From: smiller at gate.net (Steven Miller) Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2001 13:00:24 -0400 Subject: Coral Reef Research Funding Opportunity Message-ID: <3B3379A8.B787D5D0@gate.net> The National Undersea Research Center at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington seeks proposals for undersea research off the southeast U.S. from North Carolina to Texas. Projects are selected by peer review based on scientific merit and relevance to the program's mission. A maximum of $50,000 in science support may be requested. Awards from previous years averaged $25,000 and are partly determined by NOAA funding to the center, and partly by peer review rankings. Undersea system and support vessel time are provided by the center at no cost to the principal investigator. A full description of the entire 2002 research announcement for work throughout the southeast United States can be found at the center's web site -- www.uncwil.edu/nurc. For 2002, in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and the Dry Tortugas the following projects are identified as high priority, but proposals are not limited only to these topics: Descriptive and process-based studies that evaluate the effectiveness of marine protected areas. Coral reef research and monitoring programs that help managers identify factors affecting the condition of coral reefs in Florida, especially work that helps distinguish between natural and human-caused changes. Studies that increase our knowledge of factors that affect biodiversity on coral reefs and other nearshore habitats in the Florida Keys. Monitoring and research projects that specifically identify factors responsible for causing direct and indirect effects of coral decline. For example, how much coral is killed by coral bleaching, disease, and other factors? Coral studies that focus on factors affecting recruitment, including ecology, population genetics, and innovative work that enhances recruitment rates for restoration. Studies that measure coral growth and/or bio-erosion rates, especially within the context of factors affecting coral reef condition. Innovative projects that use or develop bioindicators (at biochemical or organismal scales) to assess overall reef condition, or detect significant ecological or environmental change (e.g. nutrient enrichment, chemical pollution, global warming). Whole organism studies are sought that focus on (but are not limited to) echinoderms, smaller benthic invertebrates, and other benthic species that respond quickly to environmental change. Available systems to support undersea research in 2002 include: Scuba and nitrox diving throughout the Keys, including shore-based and laboratory support out of the center's Key Largo facility. Mixed gas scuba diving to 300 fsw. Remotely Operated Vehicles to 900 fsw. Saturation diving from the Aquarius undersea laboratory Preliminary proposals are strongly encouraged to ensure that proposed research is appropriate for current science initiatives and are operationally feasible. Pre-proposals consist of a brief, two-page or less description of the proposed investigation, including objectives, methods, justification and budget. Proposal guidelines contain a full description of center facilities and systems, proposal conditions and format, and required forms and are available at www.uncwil.edu/nurc. Proposal deadline: Final Proposals must be received by the center no later than August 20, 2001. For further information, contact: Thomas Potts NURC/UNCW 5600 Masonboro Loop Road 1 Marvin Moss Lane Wilmington, NC 28409 Ph: 910-962-2442 Fax: 910-962-2444 pottst at uncwil.edu www.uncwil.edu/nurc -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010622/09667a50/attachment.html -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: smiller.vcf Type: text/x-vcard Size: 71 bytes Desc: Card for Steven Miller Url : http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010622/09667a50/attachment.vcf From howzit at turtles.org Sat Jun 23 00:02:39 2001 From: howzit at turtles.org (Ursula Keuper-Bennett) Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 00:02:39 -0400 Subject: Lyngbya In-Reply-To: <200106191148.LAA11347@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Message-ID: <4.3.2.7.2.20010622155441.025c3b90@localhost> Dear Dr. Tibbets (and others interested) Thanks for your response. You wrote: >My lab has also worked with Stylocheilus. It is a remarkable consumer of >Lyngbya and has fantastic growth rates. Unless we can identify and close >down the causal factors in bloom generation they offer one of the few >potential biological control agents. They're lovely humble little creatures --and they're welcome to the Lyngbya. But we've found that they don't limit themselves to Lyngbya. When out in full force, Stylocheius litter the ocean bottom and infest everything --including conventional turtle forage. Their numbers are astounding. You wrote: >I'd be keen to know if you got any Haminoea (anbother mollusc) in the bloom >and if you noted large numbers of Metis (a large red harpacticoid). The only other mollusc we notice along with the Stylos are what look to be Plakobranchus ocellatus (closest thing I can find in any books). They're fairly common --meaning easy to find some on each dive, but that's about it. Sand-camouflaged-coloured you'd barely notice they're about. As for have I noticed large number of large red harpacticoids I had to check what they were. It seems harpacticoids are copepods and copepods are supposed to be tiny --so your "large" comment has confused me! When I checked further, I found a Moreton Bay document referring to Metis and harpacticoids at: Your research group, perhaps? It's a wonderful informative document by the way but it makes no mention of what "large" means for a large, red Metis. The only thing I remember as being slightly red were these tiny "bugs" somewhat smaller than the period on your keyboard. Cladophora sprigs simply CRAWLED with those things... easy to see their round reddish bodies against the green even with my poor close-up vision. Not knowing what they were I called them "spider mites" because that's what they reminded me of. The Cladophora was filthy-alive with them. I'm embarrassed to say I never thought of looking in the Lyngbya for them. But the Lyngbya and Cladophora were so intertwined --here's an example -- it's likely the "spider mites" would also call Lyngbya home. (Note I did examine Lyngbya and found Stylocheilus and also tiny crustaceans.) OK, now I have a few questions for you. In your document it states, "Lyngbya majuscula has shown to be an essential part of the diet of the pomacentrid damselfish, Stegastes apicalis. I checked out what fish that was and it's a kind of gregory. At our dive site we have Stegastes fasciolatus and there's something we noticed this summer. Almost all the larger (older-looking ones) had lumps on their fins --juveniles didn't. Do you know what those lumps are? Are your Moreton Bay Stegastes "lumpy" as well? These lumpy fish are in the area where the Lyngbya has the greatest concentration and grows right up and among the corals --that's why I'm asking. Thanks for your time and best wishes on your important research. Ursula Keuper-Bennett TURTLE TRAX ------------------------------------- At 06:58 AM 6/19/01 +1000, you wrote: >Dear Ursula Keuper-Bennett (and possible others who will get this), > >I am part of a team looking at the Lyngbya blooms in Moreton Bay, >Australia. We have a large population of green turtles here that seem to be >succumbing to fibropapilloma. We are planning a small research project to >look at turtle health, Lyngbya toxin loads in turtles and the effects of >Lyngbya on their food. While Lyngbya has been around for a very long time >it does seem to be increasing its frequency and severity of infestation. > >I have seen it on the GBR but in relatively low biomass and very patchily >distributed. > >My lab has also worked with Stylocheilus. It is a remarkable consumer of >Lyngbya and has fantastic growth rates. Unless we can identify and close >down the causal factors in bloom generation they offer one of the few >potential biological control agents. > >I'd be keen to know if you got any Haminoea (anbother mollusc) in the bloom >and if you noted large numbers of Metis (a large red harpacticoid). > >Cheers, Ian >Dr Ian Tibbetts >Lecturer in Fish Biology >Director Moreton Bay Research Station >Director International Studies >Centre for Marine Studies ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From howzit at turtles.org Sat Jun 23 01:57:38 2001 From: howzit at turtles.org (Ursula Keuper-Bennett) Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 01:57:38 -0400 Subject: Algae bloom in Hawaii In-Reply-To: Message-ID: <4.3.2.7.2.20010622191653.025a3d20@localhost> Gene, You wrote: >The report of algae on coral reefs in Hawaii was interesting..especially >the comment by Windy Wiltse (EPA) in one of the newspaper website articles. >"But that doesn't fit with what's being seen this year, so apparently it's >not related to rainfall and runoff." So runoff and rain the ruling >paradigms were not the cause? "natural" Great word. It means humans don't have to do anything about a bloom because "natural" is beyond control. Only yesterday I made a cartoon about "natural". Yes, I checked out the dust cloud from China. Thank you. I did some further reading and discovered that: "Wind erosion can be especially severe in China ? 5,000 km distant, scientists at the Mauna Loa observatory in Hawaii can detect the onset of the Chinese spring-plowing season by the increase in atmospheric dust fallout. Zhenda and Tao (1993) used aerial photos, Thematic Mapper satellite images, and field studies to conclude that sandy desertified lands increased by an average of 2,100 km2 annually between 1975 and 1987. The authors believe that anthropogenic causes of desertification are paramount, as the figure below illustrates. Interestingly this report goes on to say "Causes of sandy desertification in north China: Natural causes ? aeolian sand dune encroachment ? explain just 5.5% of desertification processes. Data source: Zhenda and Tao (1993)." This would suggest these ever increasing China-originating dust clouds aren't "natural" --but rather human-induced. You write: "So is it possible that this algal event is the result of increasing desertification and ever larger dust storms that start in China?" Sure it's possible. But that prompts other mysteries. Like why (given that these dust clouds drift across the Hawaiian archipelago) is Maui the only Hawaiian island to be affected by these Cladophora blooms? And why, given the huge Maui shoreline, has our dive site been involved in every single reported Maui bloom --AND experienced three consecutive major blooms no one but us knew anything about? You wrote: "Nutrients and iron in dust can stimulate phytoplankton growth" Nutrients and iron also stimulate Lyngbya blooms --which are annual events for us. Now sure this iron could come from China... But the red iron-rich soils of West Maui are increasingly blown away by winds and settle all over and inside the condo we stay at. Last summer was especially bad. Soil blows down from the pineapple fields up in the mountains. In fact I think they stopped growing pineapples up there and now the fields just lay empty. On windy days when we're underwater, we can look up and even see the soil particles on the surface drifting down! I suppose some would call that kind of erosion "natural" also. But I wouldn't. Last I just want to point out we dive at a place called Honokowai. "Honokowai" means "place of fresh water." There's sufficient differences in salinity from beach to 30 feet to suggest there is groundwater seepage there. Next, the area had two temporary streams --had-- now they're concrete drainage ditches. To the south within easy walking distance (and 600 meters from shore) is the local sewage treatment plant. It uses injection wells that pump over 11 million liters per day of effluent containing high loads of phosphates and nitrates into the ground. Every single day. More and more of the shoreline has been developed --even just in the last five years. Beachfront hotels/time shares just down the road. Further back, fields that used to have "wasteland" meadows and grass have been converted to houses, roads, a large shopping complex and Star Market. More concrete and asphalt all the time. Now I'm no scientist. But prudence and all would suggest that watershed managers would discount "suspicious" factors close to home before declaring an algae bloom "natural" --no matter how much we'd want it to be. Either way I'm encouraged. This time 'round they got good people from the University of Hawaii checking things out. So. All the best and thank you again for the ideas you raised re: dust clouds. As fascinating as they are worrisome. Best wishes, Ursula ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > Did anyone out there notice the three huge Asian dust events that passe >over the area in late April and May?. The dust storms crossed the Pacific >and one blocked out the sun in Denver and then passed on out into the >Atlantic. It is known that Asian dust nurishes the Hawaian rainforest >(Chadwick, O. A., Derry, L. A., Vitousek, P. M., Huebert, B. J., and Hedin, >L. O., Changing sources of nutrients during four million years of ecosystem >development. Nature, 397, 491-497, 1999) If Asian dust brings nutrients to >Hawian rainforests could it also stimulate marine algae growth..Nutrients >and iron in dust can stimulate phytoplankton growth..a la Martin etc. > So is it possible that this algal event is the result of increasing >desertification and ever larger dust storms that start in China? Gene >for more see http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/GSFC/EARTH/Toms/microbespics.htm and >other nasa websites that track dust. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From tdone at aims.gov.au Mon Jun 25 01:14:47 2001 From: tdone at aims.gov.au (Terry Done) Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 15:14:47 +1000 Subject: 9th ICRS Proceedings Update Message-ID: <4.3.2.7.2.20010625150839.00c5ac60@email.aims.gov.au> The following additional information and changed advice about the location of the Figure captions in relation to the figure is to be added to the layout instructions on www.nova.edu/9icrs. The default position for the Figure caption is below the Figure, not above it. Sorry, my error. Terry Done Further information from Kasim Moosa, Editor in Chief, added June 24 2001 1. We have no objection for multi-author paper of at least 4 to have up to 10 pages (maximum). 2. Contrary to earlier advice, figure captions should be printed underneath the illustrations as far as possible. (Please look at a recent issue of Coral Reefs for examples) 3. The final format will be A4 4. Figures can be submitted in hard copy (glossy photo plate), electronic version or both. The last mentioned procedure (both) should be better, just in case. 5. The cost to have colored figures printed in the proceedings is US $ 600 for the first page and US $ 300 for each additional page. Dr Terry Done Leader Sustaining Living Marine Resources Project Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB #3 Mail Centre, Townsville Qld 4810 Australia Phone 61 7 47 534 344 Fax 61 7 47 725 852 email: tdone at aims.gov.au WEBSITE for 9th International Coral Reef Symposium www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010625/97c5cd1b/attachment.html From Bprecht at pbsj.com Mon Jun 25 10:18:13 2001 From: Bprecht at pbsj.com (Precht, Bill) Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 09:18:13 -0500 Subject: Florida's Reefs Message-ID: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A9A58FE@MIAMIMBX> Dear Coral List: Over the years there has been much debate (sometimes heated) over the causes of reef decline/demise. This debate has been especially strenuous over the status and future of Florida's reefs. Many of you are familiar with the arguments...and I certainly have voiced my own opinion over the years. However, no matter what your individual stance or opinion might be, I think all involved in trying to fund a research program will find this editorial of some interest. (see below) cheers, Bill ---------------------------------------- Editorial: What's killing reefs? The Palm Beach Post Monday, June 25, 2001 Gov. Bush made an error in judgment when he vetoed a $1 million grant to pinpoint sources of nutrients feeding reef-killing algae along Florida's east coast and the Keys. Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution scientist Brian LaPointe hoped to expand a study already under way that seeks a link between the algae growth and treated sewage being pumped underground by waste treatment plants and dumped offshore through ocean outfall pipes. Mr. LaPointe suspects the treated waste underground may be seeping out along the reefs. He wants to test the codium and caulerpa algae for signs of a nitrogen isotope that could link them to human waste. The governor said he vetoes projects in the state budget based on whether they provide a statewide benefit and have been openly and fairly debated by elected officials. Harbor Branch lost about $3 million to the governor's cuts. The study to locate nitrogen sources that may be feeding reef-killing algae, however, would be of statewide importance. Mr. LaPointe estimates 40 percent of the living coral at Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary in Florida's Keys died between 1996 and 2000. Nutrient- fed, fleshy caulerpa and codium algae also are appearing on the ocean floor and on reefs along the coasts of Palm Beach County and the Treasure Coast. The invasive underwater vegetation covers coral and takes up space on the ocean bottom, crowding out good algae that fish eat, killing the coral and taking up space where coral normally could grow. The impact of dead reefs on Florida's economy could be staggering. Divers, snorkelers, fishermen, tourists and residents enjoy healthy reefs and the diverse population of fish and other marine life the reefs support. The reef-lovers buy dive and snorkel gear, rent boats, hire guides, stay in hotels and eat in restaurants -- all part of Florida's tourist economy. Just as important, the coastal and Keys reefs make Florida a special place on the planet. The reefs are Florida's treasure. They deserve to be preserved and protected for future generations to enjoy. State and federal agency scientists don't agree on why the reefs are dying. Mr. LaPointe has a promising theory that deserves investigation -- and the state should provide the money for research. http://gopbi.com/partners/pbpost/epaper/editions/monday/opinion_2.html ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From gigi101 at bellsouth.net Mon Jun 25 14:32:02 2001 From: gigi101 at bellsouth.net (Trish Hunt) Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 14:32:02 -0400 Subject: Florida's Reefs Message-ID: To all interested: After receiving the latest list message, I felt compelled to write my governor. None of you know me or who I am. I have no acronyms behind my name, nor do I have any scientific credentials of any kind. I joined this list in the hopes of learning something more about the reefs I had fished above as a child, the animals I learned about in high school, and the inhabitants I have/plan to have in my aquarium one day. Not to mention, maybe I would learn for later reference good places to dive. This list has given me so much more though. It has opened my eyes to the gravity of the reef situation around the world. I had no idea the problems that exist are so profound and severe. The list has also given me a bit of insight as to what scientists look for in the way of reef damage, by whatever means. Perhaps what I have learned thus far and what more I may learn until then will make me a more conscientious and courteous diver and a better reef aquaria keeper. Anyway, here is a copy of what I sent to my governor. It may seem rather elementary, but I actually let my emotions about the subject get in the way of my writing. That isn?t something I usually do; but maybe that emotion as a citizen will make it seem more real to the man, vs. someone putting me up to it or a group lobbying for it. I welcome any thoughts any of you might want to send. I am just trying to do my part, no matter how small. Patricia Hunt gigi101 at bellsouth.net Dear Mr. Governor, My name is Patricia Hunt and I live in Jacksonville, FL. I am just your average citizen. I am a 27-year-old wife and a mother of a 2 year old. I have served in the US Army for 4 years (Ft. Hood, TX) and other than those 4 years, I have lived here my whole life. As a child, my father took me fishing. We fished from beaches and from docks until he was able to afford a boat. I spent most summer weekends offshore from the age of 6 to 17. During those years on the water, my father taught me about safety and about conserving our resources. If we had no intentions of eating whatever fish we caught, we threw it back. If it was too tired to swim on its own, I watched my father get into the water with it (once, a 6? female tiger shark in addition to others) in order to assist its breathing until it could swim away on its own. I learned about the dangers of plastic bags floating in our waters and that sea turtles eat them ? mistaking them for jellyfish. I learned that the plastic rings that come around soda 6-packs can get caught around birds? and other animals? necks, strangling them to death ? so I rip them apart before throwing them away. I learned not to anchor on reefs because it tears them up, killing the very place that fish hide in, swim in, and feed in. I also watched my father capture a pelican that had a hook caught in its skin, just below its bill, so that we could take the hook (still attached to fishing line) out of him. From a very young age, a love for the marine environment has been instilled in me and nurtured. I may not have a boat yet, but when I do go to the beach with my husband and baby, I find myself picking up trash others have left behind. I want the marine environment to be healthy and enjoyable for my son when he is my age. If I am lucky, he will learn from my example to care for his environment the same way my father taught me. I cannot afford to obtain diving certification yet, either. So instead, I have started up my very own marine aquarium. I want to one day keep corals and other invertebrates in my aquarium and have been doing a tremendous amount of research on the subject on the Internet. That is how I became a part of coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov . I am not a scientist nor am I even in any profession associated with the marine environment, but because I am fighting an algae bloom in my aquarium, I found a particular article from this list interesting. It spoke of an alleged algae bloom that is allegedly killing off some of Florida?s coral reefs and a possible reason behind the algae bloom. All that was needed was some more money from the state in order to research this reason. You vetoed this funding, according to the article, because the research wouldn?t provide a statewide benefit. As a Florida resident and a registered voter, I am completely appalled with this decision. The last time that I checked, tourism is Florida?s number one industry and I am sorry to say, Mickey Mouse isn?t Florida?s only tourist attraction. Divers, snorkelers, fishermen, and tourists enjoy healthy reefs and the diverse population of fish and other marine life the reefs support. The reef-lovers buy dive and snorkel gear, rent boats, hire guides, stay in hotels, rent beach houses for weeks and months at a time, eat in restaurants, not to mention they spend money on their ?land-based? entertainment as well. Fishermen spend money on many of the same things. The ?snowbirds? spend their money in the winter; the rest of us spend our money in the summer months. If that is not ?statewide? enough to reconsider giving these scientists some funding to do their research on my behalf, your behalf, your family?s behalf, my son?s behalf, and his children?s behalf, then I truly don?t know where your priorities lie. You say it is on education. We live in Florida and I assure you most of our natural sciences curriculum in high school consists of knowledge of what is around us locally. I am still young enough to remember my high-school days and learning about turtle nests, manatees, fire coral, Portuguese-Man-O-Wars, and octopus. Helping to fund this research will be funding long term and real life education. If we don?t have much of a reef-ecosystem left later to educate our children or our grandchildren about, there goes most of my most memorable school lessons right out of the education system. If that happens, have we really done our job? Another thing, I cannot speak for the rest of the residents that enjoy nature in all forms, but after living in Killeen for 3 years I assure you I wanted nothing more than to come back to Florida when I got out of the service. I needed to be near the ocean. I have plans on diving in the future. If I don?t have anything to look at but dead stuff when I do finally get down there, I might have to move to Australia or something. If you don?t reconsider funding this research project, I assure you, if Janet Reno does run for your position, I will vote for her in a heartbeat. I am sorry this has turned out so long. I felt the need to fully explain my position and why I stand where I do. I would appreciate a response, even a short one; but please do not send me a typical form letter. Thank you for your time. Patricia Hunt Jacksonville, FL -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010625/60582136/attachment.html From blueboy_d1 at lycos.com Tue Jun 26 03:27:08 2001 From: blueboy_d1 at lycos.com (fdsafsa dvasdfas) Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 15:27:08 +0800 Subject: (No Subject) Message-ID: Hello...I would like to know major issues on coral occuring nowadays. And I would like to know any further news on coral bleaching around the worlds. Is coral bleaching still being one of the issues today?..Hope to get some info from you all..TQ. Get 250 color business cards for FREE! http://businesscards.lycos.com/vp/fastpath/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From iainellis at sfs-tci.org Mon Jun 25 12:57:21 2001 From: iainellis at sfs-tci.org (Iain Ellis) Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 12:57:21 -0400 Subject: Diver Tourism Message-ID: <200106261155.LAA03918@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Hi. I'm running a research project looking at the potential effects of an = increase in diver tourism in the Turks and Caicos Islands, based mainly = around methods for establishing the carrying capacity of the reefs here. = Does anyone know of any papers / web-sites / journals that would be = useful? Thanks you. Iain. Iain Ellis, Marine Policy Lecturer, Center for Marine Resource Studies, PO Box 007, South Caicos Turks & Caicos Islands, British West Indies Phone: 00 (1) 649 946-3362 Fax: 00 (1) 649 946-3246 email: iainellis at sfs-tci.org www.fieldstudies.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From sjameson at coralseas.com Tue Jun 26 09:57:30 2001 From: sjameson at coralseas.com (Stephen C Jameson) Date: Tue, 26 Jun 01 09:57:30 -0400 Subject: Florida's Reefs Message-ID: <20010626135111.CRTX356.dorsey@[216.25.202.20]> Bravo!!! >To all interested: After receiving the latest list message, I felt >compelled to write my governor. None of you know me or who I am. I have no >acronyms behind my name, nor do I have any scientific credentials of any >kind. I joined this list in the hopes of learning something more about the >reefs I had fished above as a child, the animals I learned about in high >school, and the inhabitants I have/plan to have in my aquarium one day. Not >to mention, maybe I would learn for later reference good places to dive. > >This list has given me so much more though. It has opened my eyes to the >gravity of the reef situation around the world. I had no idea the problems >that exist are so profound and severe. The list has also given me a bit of >insight as to what scientists look for in the way of reef damage, by >whatever means. Perhaps what I have learned thus far and what more I may >learn until then will make me a more conscientious and courteous diver and a >better reef aquaria keeper. > >Anyway, here is a copy of what I sent to my governor. It may seem rather >elementary, but I actually let my emotions about the subject get in the way >of my writing. That isn?t something I usually do; but maybe that emotion as >a citizen will make it seem more real to the man, vs. someone putting me up >to it or a group lobbying for it. > >I welcome any thoughts any of you might want to send. I am just trying to >do my part, no matter how small. > >Patricia Hunt >gigi101 at bellsouth.net > > >Dear Mr. Governor, > My name is Patricia Hunt and I live in Jacksonville, FL. I am >just your average citizen. I am a 27-year-old wife and a mother of a 2 year >old. I have served in the US Army for 4 years (Ft. Hood, TX) and other than >those 4 years, I have lived here my whole life. > As a child, my father took me fishing. We fished from beaches >and from docks until he was able to afford a boat. I spent most summer >weekends offshore from the age of 6 to 17. During those years on the water, >my father taught me about safety and about conserving our resources. If we >had no intentions of eating whatever fish we caught, we threw it back. If >it was too tired to swim on its own, I watched my father get into the water >with it (once, a 6? female tiger shark in addition to others) in order to >assist its breathing until it could swim away on its own. I learned about >the dangers of plastic bags floating in our waters and that sea turtles eat >them ? mistaking them for jellyfish. I learned that the plastic rings that >come around soda 6-packs can get caught around birds? and other animals? >necks, strangling them to death ? so I rip them apart before throwing them >away. I learned not to anchor on reefs because it tears them up, killing >the very place that fish hide in, swim in, and feed in. I also watched my >father capture a pelican that had a hook caught in its skin, just below its >bill, so that we could take the hook (still attached to fishing line) out of >him. > From a very young age, a love for the marine environment has >been instilled in me and nurtured. I may not have a boat yet, but when I do >go to the beach with my husband and baby, I find myself picking up trash >others have left behind. I want the marine environment to be healthy and >enjoyable for my son when he is my age. If I am lucky, he will learn from >my example to care for his environment the same way my father taught me. I >cannot afford to obtain diving certification yet, either. So instead, I >have started up my very own marine aquarium. I want to one day keep corals >and other invertebrates in my aquarium and have been doing a tremendous >amount of research on the subject on the Internet. That is how I became a >part of coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov > . > I am not a scientist nor am I even in any profession associated >with the marine environment, but because I am fighting an algae bloom in my >aquarium, I found a particular article from this list interesting. It spoke >of an alleged algae bloom that is allegedly killing off some of Florida?s >coral reefs and a possible reason behind the algae bloom. All that was >needed was some more money from the state in order to research this reason. >You vetoed this funding, according to the article, because the research >wouldn?t provide a statewide benefit. > As a Florida resident and a registered voter, I am completely >appalled with this decision. The last time that I checked, tourism is >Florida?s number one industry and I am sorry to say, Mickey Mouse isn?t >Florida?s only tourist attraction. Divers, >snorkelers, fishermen, and tourists enjoy healthy reefs and the diverse >population of fish and other marine life the reefs support. The reef-lovers >buy dive and snorkel gear, rent boats, hire guides, stay in hotels, rent >beach houses for weeks and months at a time, eat in restaurants, not to >mention they spend money on their ?land-based? entertainment as well. >Fishermen spend money on many of the same things. The ?snowbirds? spend >their money in the winter; the rest of us spend our money in the summer >months. > If that is not ?statewide? enough to reconsider giving these >scientists some funding to do their research on my behalf, your behalf, your >family?s behalf, my son?s behalf, and his children?s behalf, then I truly >don?t know where your priorities lie. You say it is on education. We live >in Florida and I assure you most of our natural sciences curriculum in high >school consists of knowledge of what is around us locally. I am still young >enough to remember my high-school days and learning about turtle nests, >manatees, fire coral, Portuguese-Man-O-Wars, and octopus. Helping to fund >this research will be funding long term and real life education. If we don?t >have much of a reef-ecosystem left later to educate our children or our >grandchildren about, there goes most of my most memorable school lessons >right out of the education system. If that happens, have we really done our >job? > Another thing, I cannot speak for the rest of the residents that >enjoy nature in all forms, but after living in Killeen for 3 years I assure >you I wanted nothing more than to come back to Florida when I got out of the >service. I needed to be near the ocean. I have plans on diving in the >future. If I don?t have anything to look at but dead stuff when I do >finally get down there, I might have to move to Australia or something. If >you don?t reconsider funding this research project, I assure you, if Janet >Reno does run for your position, I will vote for her in a heartbeat. > > I am sorry this has turned out so long. I felt the need to >fully explain my position and why I stand where I do. I would appreciate a >response, even a short one; but please do not send me a typical form letter. >Thank you for your time. > > > >Patricia Hunt >Jacksonville, FL > Best regards, Dr. Stephen C. Jameson, President Coral Seas Inc. - Integrated Coastal Zone Management 4254 Hungry Run Road, The Plains, VA 20198-1715 USA Office: 703-754-8690, Fax: 703-754-9139 Email: sjameson at coralseas.com Web Site: www.coralseas.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From sjameson at coralseas.com Tue Jun 26 10:14:35 2001 From: sjameson at coralseas.com (Stephen C Jameson) Date: Tue, 26 Jun 01 10:14:35 -0400 Subject: Diver Tourism Message-ID: <20010626140816.CTGE356.dorsey@[216.25.202.222]> Dear Iain and other interested coral-listers, Regarding: >Hi. > >I'm running a research project looking at the potential effects of an = >increase in diver tourism in the Turks and Caicos Islands, based mainly = >around methods for establishing the carrying capacity of the reefs here. = >Does anyone know of any papers / web-sites / journals that would be = >useful? > >Thanks you. > >Iain. > >Iain Ellis, >Marine Policy Lecturer, >Center for Marine Resource Studies, >PO Box 007, South Caicos >Turks & Caicos Islands, British West Indies >Phone: 00 (1) 649 946-3362 >Fax: 00 (1) 649 946-3246 >email: iainellis at sfs-tci.org >www.fieldstudies.org You will find the following paper of interest. It also has a good bibliography on the subject of carrying capacities. Jameson SC, Ammar MSA, Saadalla E, Mostafa HM, Riegl B (1999) A coral damage index and its application to diving sites in the Egyptian Red Sea. Coral Reefs (Special Issue on The Science of Coral Reef Management) 18(4):333-339 Best regards, Dr. Stephen C. Jameson, President Coral Seas Inc. - Integrated Coastal Zone Management 4254 Hungry Run Road, The Plains, VA 20198-1715 USA Office: 703-754-8690, Fax: 703-754-9139 Email: sjameson at coralseas.com Web Site: www.coralseas.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From C.A.Bennink at rikz.rws.minvenw.nl Tue Jun 26 10:38:54 2001 From: C.A.Bennink at rikz.rws.minvenw.nl (Bennink, C.A.) Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 16:38:54 +0200 Subject: NetCoast database Message-ID: <1A775853CEB4D411BCFB0050DA0DC1A60AB88F@gwdkaf.rikz.rws.minvenw.nl> Dear NetCoast reader, At the NetCoast website there's also a practitioners database for persons working in the field of ICZM. ( http://www.netcoast.nl/netcoast/netcoast/index_search.htm , Use Text Search) We would like to expand the database. Therefore we invite you to consider to be part of this database. This can be very simple by adding your details below and send the message by reply back to me. Title: Mr. Dr. Ms. or Mrs. First Name Prefix SurName Function Institute PostAddress PostalCode City Country Phone Fax Emailaddress Internet You are of course also invited to pass this message on into your own network. Warmest regards, and hope to hear from you. Carla Bennink NetCoast webmiss http://www.netcoast.nl -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010626/bb3f22ac/attachment.html From jekstrom at coral.org Tue Jun 26 12:39:40 2001 From: jekstrom at coral.org (Julie Ekstrom) Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 09:39:40 -0700 Subject: sharpnose puffer tumors Message-ID: >Greetings Coral List, > >While diving in Bonaire this month I noticed small white growths on >several Sharpnose Puffers (Canthigaster rostrata).Through casual >survey I found that 50-80% of this species had similar growths. The >tumors appear pale or white in color, and are slightly raised bumps >to bulbous growths. On affected fish the spots were present on the >body and/or fins. > >Is this common in other areas in the Caribbean? Has anyone else >noticed these growths, and if so, is it anything to worry about? I >have spent nearly 75 hours underwater in Bonaire over the last 4 >years and this visit was the first time I observed the growths. > >Any information is appreciated > >Thanks in advance, Ellen ehorne at coral.org -- Julie Ekstrom Administrative Assistant The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) jekstrom at coral.org http://www.coral.org/ tel: 510-848-0110 fax: 510-848-3720 "Working together to keep coral reefs alive." ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Bprecht at pbsj.com Tue Jun 26 13:30:58 2001 From: Bprecht at pbsj.com (Precht, Bill) Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 12:30:58 -0500 Subject: Florida's Reefs Message-ID: <53BEAAB43520D4119CAE00902785C38A9A5916@MIAMIMBX> Dear Coral List: And now for some really good news... cheers to all, Bill ------------------------------------ Upper Keys Reporter http://www.upperkeysreporter.com Friday, June 22, 2001 Letter to the Editor Many helped create Tortugas marine reserve On July1, we will celebrate the implementation of the Tortugas Ecological Reserve, designated to protect critical coral reef habitat in this most remote region of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. At 151 square nautical miles, the Tortugas Ecological Reserve will become the largest fully protected underwater ecological reserve in North America. The reserve's rich marine life and location at a crossroads of major ocean currents hod he potential to help sustain marine life populations throughout the region. At a ceremony in Wahsington, D.C. on May 10, the sanctuary's Tortugas team received the Administrator's Award, the highest honor given by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Rightfully, the award belongs as well to the many partners who stood by us during the three years it took to bring the reserve from conception to reality. I would like to acknowledge the commitment of our Tortugas 2000 working group, which was able to take ecological and socioeconomic data and design a reserve that addressed the needs and concerns of all stakeholders. The broad coalition of groups and individuals who supported the reserve in front of the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) and the governor and Cabinet bears testimony to the success of their consensus process. Tony Iarocci, Peter Gladding and Richard Grathwohl were among the fishermen who traveled to meetings throughout Florida, telling our appointed and elected officials that fishermen clearly see that the reserves are in their long-term interest. World Wildlife Fund, the Center for Marine Conservation, Environmental Defense and The Nature Conservancy are among the national and international conservation organizations that have been steadfast supporters, and local conservation organization Reef Relief weighed in with its support. Debbie Harrison of World Wildlife Fund in particulat worked tirelessly to forge an agreement on the reserve and support it through a complex approval process. Bob Harris and John Stewart of the dive community also came forward to support the reserve. Don Kincaid, the dive/snorkel industry representative for the SAC, spoke eloquently in front of both the FWC and the governor and Cabinet. Finally, I would like to recognize the students of Beth Pinkus at Stanley Switlik School, who spoke in support of the reserve in front of the FWC and the governor and Cabinet. Their message clearly moved these officials and is perhaps the most resounding reason to establish the reserve, "Leave something for our future." I thank everyone in our community who took time out of their busy lives to help us create the Tortugas Ecological Reserve by writing a letter, attending a meeting or simply expressing you concerns to a member of the Tortugas working group or the Sanctuary Advisory Council. This broad community participation and support will ensure the reserve's success in the years to come. All of us stand to reap the rewards. Billy Causey Superindent Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Marathon //////////////////// Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary http://www.fknms.nos.noaa.gov News Release March 7, 2001 Tortugas Ecological Reserve Takes Effect in Federal Waters MARATHON - After years of planning, rules designed to protect the diverse marine life and lush coral reefs of the Tortugas in a no-take ecological reserve take effect March 8 in federal waters of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The federal portion of the Tortugas Ecological Reserve includes all of Tortugas South (60 square nautical miles that includes the critical spawning grounds of Riley's Hump) and 13.8 square nautical miles in the northwest corner of Tortugas North. (Continued) http://www.fknms.nos.noaa.gov/news/press_release/tortugas.html - ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Dvogel at rossmed.edu.dm Tue Jun 26 14:33:36 2001 From: Dvogel at rossmed.edu.dm (Vogel, David) Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 15:33:36 -0300 Subject: Exotic coral cultured in the Caribbean Message-ID: <7A282FCCD357D5119EBF0002B330D86844EB@MAIL1> I am not a coral researcher. I address this list on the advice of a member of the list. I am a physiologist living on the island of Dominica (not to be confused for the Dominican Republic). I am concerned about a business that has been established on Dominica and seek advice about the hazards it presents, if any, and what actions might be appropriate. Advanced Marine Technologies describes itself as culturing coral primarily for use in restoration of damaged reefs and secondarily for sale to aquarium owners. They are, at least, successfully maintaining numerous species of coral obtained both from local reefs and from the South Pacific. The corals obtained from the South Pacific, and their possible pathogens, are the source of my concern. The design of the facility is as follows: Seawater from Prince Rupert's Bay is circulated through a large tank - possibly in the neighborhood of 50,000 liters. This tank contains mixed local corals. From this tank water is circulated to, perhaps, 15 or 20 small tanks each of which contains an single species of coral. Some of these species are from the South Pacific. Water being returned to the large tank is treated with ultraviolet light. There is no provision for removing particulates, which might be resistant to UV treatment, from the return flow. The water in the tanks appeared clear, and I was assured that the flow through the tanks is stopped when the tanks are cleaned in order to prevent return of particulates. I have some doubts about what happens when flow is restored. Effluent from the large tank is returned to Prince Rupert's Bay. In principle, the effluent is treated with ozone. However, on a recent day, the ozone treatment was down and the plant was still returning water to the Caribbean. With the exception of Haiti, Dominica is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, and I do not wish to make myself unwelcome in this lovely, friendly place by causing unwarranted trouble for even a small industry. (The banana economy of these 70,000 people has been destroy by a U.S. decision to force the British Commonwealth to stop subsidizing Dominican bananas.) However, I feel obliged to inquire as to the risks Advanced Marine Technologies presents, and for example, what international treaties might be relevant to its operation. For some time prior to finding the ozone treatment down, I have had concerns about the level of training of the personnel who operate the plant, and about the ability of the government of this small place to regulate such a facility. *************** A journey of a thousand steps... *************** David Vogel Home: 1-767-445-3598 Ross University Office: 1-767-445-5355 ext. 287 P.O. Box 266 FAX: 1-767-445-3457 Portsmouth E-mail: dvogel at rossmed.edu.dm Commonwealth of Dominica **************** ...doesn't get you the first mile. *************** -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010626/3f9189da/attachment.html From Dvogel at rossmed.edu.dm Tue Jun 26 14:33:36 2001 From: Dvogel at rossmed.edu.dm (Vogel, David) Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 15:33:36 -0300 Subject: Exotic coral cultured in the Caribbean Message-ID: <7A282FCCD357D5119EBF0002B330D86844EB@MAIL1> I am not a coral researcher. I address this list on the advice of a member of the list. I am a physiologist living on the island of Dominica (not to be confused for the Dominican Republic). I am concerned about a business that has been established on Dominica and seek advice about the hazards it presents, if any, and what actions might be appropriate. Advanced Marine Technologies describes itself as culturing coral primarily for use in restoration of damaged reefs and secondarily for sale to aquarium owners. They are, at least, successfully maintaining numerous species of coral obtained both from local reefs and from the South Pacific. The corals obtained from the South Pacific, and their possible pathogens, are the source of my concern. The design of the facility is as follows: Seawater from Prince Rupert's Bay is circulated through a large tank - possibly in the neighborhood of 50,000 liters. This tank contains mixed local corals. From this tank water is circulated to, perhaps, 15 or 20 small tanks each of which contains an single species of coral. Some of these species are from the South Pacific. Water being returned to the large tank is treated with ultraviolet light. There is no provision for removing particulates, which might be resistant to UV treatment, from the return flow. The water in the tanks appeared clear, and I was assured that the flow through the tanks is stopped when the tanks are cleaned in order to prevent return of particulates. I have some doubts about what happens when flow is restored. Effluent from the large tank is returned to Prince Rupert's Bay. In principle, the effluent is treated with ozone. However, on a recent day, the ozone treatment was down and the plant was still returning water to the Caribbean. With the exception of Haiti, Dominica is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, and I do not wish to make myself unwelcome in this lovely, friendly place by causing unwarranted trouble for even a small industry. (The banana economy of these 70,000 people has been destroy by a U.S. decision to force the British Commonwealth to stop subsidizing Dominican bananas.) However, I feel obliged to inquire as to the risks Advanced Marine Technologies presents, and for example, what international treaties might be relevant to its operation. For some time prior to finding the ozone treatment down, I have had concerns about the level of training of the personnel who operate the plant, and about the ability of the government of this small place to regulate such a facility. *************** A journey of a thousand steps... *************** David Vogel Home: 1-767-445-3598 Ross University Office: 1-767-445-5355 ext. 287 P.O. Box 266 FAX: 1-767-445-3457 Portsmouth E-mail: dvogel at rossmed.edu.dm Commonwealth of Dominica **************** ...doesn't get you the first mile. *************** -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010626/3f9189da/attachment-0001.html From karlf at sfu.ca Tue Jun 26 20:56:18 2001 From: karlf at sfu.ca (Dricot-Fellenius) Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 17:56:18 -0700 Subject: Diver Tourism References: <200106261155.LAA03918@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Message-ID: <3B392F22.CAD5A006@sfu.ca> > I'm running a research project looking at the potential effects of an = > increase in diver tourism in the Turks and Caicos Islands, based mainly = > around methods for establishing the carrying capacity of the reefs here. = > Does anyone know of any papers / web-sites / journals that would be = > useful? > > Iain Ellis, > Marine Policy Lecturer, > Center for Marine Resource Studies, > PO Box 007, South Caicos Iain, Here are a few papers and websites. You may want to check out the broader literature on carrying capacity in tourism as well. The diving papers have not really addressed the changing view of carrying capacity. For a number of years, carrying capacity has been viewed as a management philosophy rather than the application of a number as in the past. Several methods are more common, such as LAC (limits of acceptable change) and TOMM (tourism optimization management model). see http://www.forestry.umt.edu/personnel/faculty/borrie/planning.html (excerpt below). Essentially, carrying capacity focuses attention on the question, "How many is too many?" when the question confronting managers is, "What are the appropriate or acceptable conditions for visitation and how do we achieve them?" An example of a planning system that builds upon the framework of LAC is the Tourism Optimization management Model (TOMM) developed in Australia. TOMM is a management approach designed to monitor and manage tourism on a resort and farming island off the coast of South Australia. Like LAC, the first component of TOMM is an analysis of the context in which the planning must occur. Just as step 1 of LAC identifies the social values, issues and concerns, the first phase of TOMM identifies the community values, as well as the policy and planning directives of the various stakeholders. TOMM?s contextual analysis also includes examination of the island?s tourism products and the trends and opportunities for the tourism market, much as step 2 of LAC maps out recreational opportunities. While LAC emphasizes the quality of the environment and visitor experience, TOMM places more emphasis on the sustainability of the tourism industry. Toward that end, TOMM goes on to identify and inventory potentially optimal conditions for tourism to occur (economic, market, environmental, experiential, and socio-cultural). TOMM, like LAC was designed to meld the technical expertise of industry and government with community and conservation group knowledge. best, karl Davis, D., and C. Tisdell. 1995. Recreational scuba-diving and carrying capacity in marine protected areas. Ocean and Coastal Management 26(1):19-40. Davis, D., and C. Tisdell. 1996. Economic Management of Recreational Scuba Diving and the Environment. Journal of Environmental Management 48:229-248. Dixon, J. A., L. F. Scura, and T. van?t Hof. 1993. Meeting Ecological and Economic Goals: Marine Parks in the Caribbean. Ambio 22(2-3):117-125. Hawkins, J. P., and C. M. Roberts. 1992. Effects of recreational SCUBA diving on fore- reef slope communities of coral reefs. Biological Conservation 62:171-178. Hawkins, J. P., and C. M. Roberts. 1993. Effects of recreational scuba diving on coral reefs: trampling on reef-flat communities. Journal of Applied Ecology 30:25-30. Karl Fellenius, Masters Candidate School of Resource & Environmental Management 8888 University Drive, Simon Fraser University Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, http://www.rem.sfu.ca karlf at sfu.ca ph & fax (604)464-9140 cell (604)377-7597 Research: -Tourism for the Community Coastal Zone: Official Community Plans in the Canadian Georgia Basin -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010626/3976175d/attachment.html From farrahanis at rocketmail.com Wed Jun 27 01:42:54 2001 From: farrahanis at rocketmail.com (Farrah Anis Fazliatul Adnan) Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 22:42:54 -0700 (PDT) Subject: Need info ASAP Message-ID: <20010627054254.99921.qmail@web14607.mail.yahoo.com> I would like to know any major current issue regarding coral diseases and the researches that has been/ are currently carried out regarding this topic. It would be great if anyone has any publications/journals that i may refer to. TQ __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get personalized email addresses from Yahoo! Mail http://personal.mail.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From paul at mtq.qld.gov.au Wed Jun 27 01:43:05 2001 From: paul at mtq.qld.gov.au (Paul Muir) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 15:43:05 +1000 Subject: Invitation to AMSA and ACRS delagates Message-ID: <3B397269.60460A1B@mtq.qld.gov.au> To those attending the Australian Marine Science Association conference in Townsville, 5th and 6th July and those arriving early for the Australian Coral Reef Society meeting: Invitation to delegates to Visit Marine Collections at the new Museum of Tropical Queensland Collections tours: Thurs 5 & Fri 6 July at 1.30 to 2.45pm and 3.30-4.45pm Delegates from AMSA are invited behind the scenes to view the marine collections and facilities at the new Museum of Tropical Queensland. The new Museum building, opened in June 2000, houses several large public galleries and a large ?back of house? section that includes extensive facilities for the museum?s marine research activities, marine natural history collections and maritime archaeology collections. The natural history collections include the coral collections associated with the ?AIMS Monograph? series on the Scleractinia of Eastern Australia, ?Staghorn Corals of the World? and type collections from various other publications. These collections, along with computerized identification systems and identification services are also available to reef scientists and managers upon request. Maritime archaeology collections focus upon artifacts from the HMS Pandora and the Bounty. Delegates may also be interested in ?front of house? galleries that include displays of deep sea, coral reef and mangrove faunas, research in reef science and marine archaeology and conservation associated with artifacts from the HMS Pandora. Booking is not necessary meet in MTQ foyer. -- Paul Muir Museum of Tropical Queensland 78-102 Flinders St Townsville 4810 Australia ph 61 7 47 260 635 fax 61 7 47 212 093 email: paul at mtq.qld.gov.au Museum website: http://www.mtq.qld.gov.au ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From maria.beger at jcu.edu.au Wed Jun 27 02:59:17 2001 From: maria.beger at jcu.edu.au (Maria Beger) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 16:59:17 +1000 Subject: coral spawning Message-ID: <200106271328.NAA07103@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> In response to a question about coral spawning events in SE Asia posted to the list a while ago: My collegues and I observed coral spawning on Redang Island, off the Malaysian Peninsula. It occurred during full moon in September 2000. We were, however, unable to which species were involved by the time we were alerted to it. Below a comment from my collegue Doug Fenner who is currently in the field and has asked me to post this on his behalf: "I was told recently by a dive guide in the Philippines that some corals spawn on the 2 nights before full moon plus the night of full moon, in the months of April and May. Apparently only some corals spawn at that time, so there may be other times as well. -Doug Fenner, AIMS, Townsville, Australia d.fenner at aims.gov.au" Maria Beger Visiting Researcher Department of Marine Biology James Cook University Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia +61 7 4781 5744 (Tel) +61 7 4725 1570 (Fax) maria.beger at jcu.edu.au ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From osha at oshadavidson.com Wed Jun 27 10:00:02 2001 From: osha at oshadavidson.com (Osha Gray Davidson) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 07:00:02 -0700 Subject: Coral disease Message-ID: <5.0.0.25.2.20010627062402.01ced380@mail.oshadavidson.com> For anyone interested in coral diseases and/or bleaching, there's an important article by Richard Aronson and William Precht in the current issue of "Palaios" at http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/sepm/palaios/0106/online.html. Many of you probably read the article by Aronson, et al. in "Nature," "Coral bleach-out in Belize," (4 May 2000, p. 36). That article documented the mass die-off of Agaricia tenuifolia, due to bleaching at Channel Cay reef, Belize. The story was widely circulated in the mainstream press. But the current "Palaios" article documents the set-up for the bleaching die-off: the mass mortality of the dominant reef-builder at Channel Cay, Acropora cervicornis, due to disease in the 1980s. Paleoecologists Arononson and Precht determined that that event (which was missed by the popular press), was unprecedented in the modern era (for at least 3,000 years). Not to take away at all from the importance of bleaching, but the current "Palaios" article shows that at least in some cases mass mortalities due to bleaching may be the final step in a process that begins with coral disease. The essential question then becomes: what's causing the emerging diseases to extirpate long-standing dominant coral colonies, leaving them open to replacement by other, possibly less-hardy, corals? Disease may not be as "sexy" as "global warming" to the mainstream press, but it may be at least as important in determining the fate of coral reefs. Osha Gray Davidson ================================ From May 19-July 31 I'll be at: 5215 N. 24th St., #106 Phoenix, AZ 85016 Phone: 602-840-0998 After those dates I can be reached at: Osha Gray Davidson Home page: www.OshaDavidson.com 14 S. Governor St. Phone: 319-338-4778 Iowa City, IA 52240 E-Mail: osha at oshadavidson.com USA ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From jware at erols.com Wed Jun 27 13:42:04 2001 From: jware at erols.com (John Ware) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 13:42:04 -0400 Subject: Exotic coral cultured in the Caribbean References: <7A282FCCD357D5119EBF0002B330D86844EB@MAIL1> Message-ID: <3B3A1AEC.D7ABF862@erols.com> Dear List, Just as an aside to David Vogel's concerns about the propagation of corals on Dominica: I visited the lab in Dec, 1999. At that time I was told that there is some sort of quid pro quo with the Dominican government. That's well enough. However, the startling information was that some Dominican government official supposedly suggested that, what with all these corals from all over the world, one could set up various reef types around the island. There could be, for example, an Australian reef and a Hawaiian reef and a Samoan reef, etc. Naturally, the lab explained the problems associated with such a scheme. One wonders when someone will actually try something that stupid and we find a real ecological disaster on our hands. Imagine Acanthaster in the Caribbean!! John -- ************************************************************* * * * John R. Ware, PhD * * President * * SeaServices, Inc. * * 19572 Club House Road * * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * * 301 987-8507 * * jware at erols.com * * seaservices.org * * fax: 301 987-8531 * * _ * * | * * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * * _|_ * * | _ | * * _______________________________| |________ * * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * * |/\____________________________________________/ * ************************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From paul.holthus at aquariumcouncil.org Wed Jun 27 14:22:18 2001 From: paul.holthus at aquariumcouncil.org (Paul Holthus) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 08:22:18 -1000 Subject: Exotic coral cultured in the Caribbean Message-ID: <200106271819.IAA13567@phoenix.pixi.com> An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010627/b6c41ca9/attachment.html From Janice.Sessing at noaa.gov Wed Jun 27 14:45:45 2001 From: Janice.Sessing at noaa.gov (Janice Sessing) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 14:45:45 -0400 Subject: ISO Kenya-Tanzania coral reef activities Message-ID: <3B3A29D8.800AAFED@noaa.gov> Dear Coral-Reef Listers: Am querying the List for any scientists, activities, projects (past, present and/or planned) off the Tanzania-Kenya coast related to coral reefs. Thanks in advance for replies, Janice Sessing NOAA/NESDIS International and Interagency Affairs www.noaa.nesdis.gov ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From alcolado at unepnet.inf.cu Wed Jun 27 15:28:12 2001 From: alcolado at unepnet.inf.cu (Dr. Pedro Alcolado) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 19:28:12 GMT Subject: White Plague in Cuba Message-ID: <200106271928.TAA07943@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> A massive infestation with white plague at least on the reefs of Havana coast. Practically all Dichocoenia stokesii are sick and dying. Montastraea annularis and cavernosa are also been affected. It is been observed since the begining of May (maybe much earlier). The disease extends from the border of the colony till covering it completely. Have you seen that in other places? We have observed also some white band in Acropora cervicornis. These events were observed at 10-15 m deep (we did not dive deeper). Pedro M. Alcolado ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Chris.Jeffrey at noaa.gov Wed Jun 27 15:35:01 2001 From: Chris.Jeffrey at noaa.gov (Chris Jeffrey) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 15:35:01 -0400 Subject: Another viewpoint on Exotic corals cultured in the Caribbean References: <7A282FCCD357D5119EBF0002B330D86844EB@MAIL1> <3B3A1AEC.D7ABF862@erols.com> Message-ID: <3B3A3564.E36DB428@noaa.gov> Dear list I would like to add to John Ware's and David's Vogel's concerns about the propagation of corals in Dominica. We all recognize the potential ecological disaster that this specific operation may bode for that part of the Caribbean. Additionally, It seem almost impossible that such an operation could generate long term profits, given the slow-growing nature of coral, and the openness of the resource. Would I advise anyone to buy corals and place them back on a reef, where they can become damaged or become a free resource for anyone to harvest and market? Additionally are corals being taken from the wild for propagation or are they being cultured from gametes in the lab? It would seem counter-productive to harvest coral to propagate them for restoration. However, the Dominica situation is symptomatic of the economic and environmental dilemma now facing the small island states of the south-eastern Caribbean. The demise of the bananas and other crops (e.g., nutmegs, cocoa) as a major foreign exchange earner for this region has forced many farmers to abandon their bananas fields and seek alternative means to earn a living (e.g., hotels, night time security, fishing). I know this personally because I am from Grenada and several of my neighbors have have stopped farming. I have heard that some farmers in neighboring islands have even threatened to grow marijuana in retaliation to perceived U.S. threats to the region's banana industry (The banana demise was due primarily to the U.S. decision to force the British Commonwealth to stop subsidizing Eastern Caribbean bananas to ensure fair international trade as pointed out by david Vogel). It may be that the Dominica authorities are now looking for alternative means of economic income for the people of Dominica. The project may seem rather "stupid or disastrous" ecologically, but it may be an economically rational (although not the best) response to increasing economic hardship. Many other south eastern Caribbean islands have made similar responses to declining economic conditions. One only has to look at the new and relatively large fisheries complexes being built in these islands (e.g., Grenada, St. Vincent and others) within the last decade through financial and technical assistance from Asian countries (e.g., Japan, Taiwan, Korea etc.). These fisheries complexes were/are being built based on the premise that increased fishing/processing capacity, results in increased fish landings, and ultimately, would bring more economic benefits to these islands. Clearly, the trend in world fish catch has shown that increased fishing capacity will not increase the amount of fish available for fishing, but eventually would result in the decline of available fish resources. So the hard question now is, does a person/people/island have the luxury to worry about the potential or future ecological consequences of his/her/their actions when faced with the problem of providing for life's basic necessities during an economic crisis such as faced by the south-eastern Caribbean islands? I would bet that this would be the argument that any U.S. based environmentalist/ecologist trying to would face if they were to tackle such an issue in those islands. The sad thing is that corporations/firms from "developed countries" often try to exploit this economic-environmental dilemma by going to these small islands with project/schemes that would fail or would not be allowed in their home countries (Dominica being the case in point). Chris John Ware wrote: > Dear List, > > Just as an aside to David Vogel's concerns about the propagation of > corals on Dominica: I visited the lab in Dec, 1999. At that time I was > told that there is some sort of quid pro quo with the Dominican > government. That's well enough. However, the startling information was > that some Dominican government official supposedly suggested that, what > with all these corals from all over the world, one could set up various > reef types around the island. There could be, for example, an > Australian reef and a Hawaiian reef and a Samoan reef, etc. > > Naturally, the lab explained the problems associated with such a > scheme. One wonders when someone will actually try something that > stupid and we find a real ecological disaster on our hands. Imagine > Acanthaster in the Caribbean!! > > John > > -- > ************************************************************* > * * > * John R. Ware, PhD * > * President * > * SeaServices, Inc. * > * 19572 Club House Road * > * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * > * 301 987-8507 * > * jware at erols.com * > * seaservices.org * > * fax: 301 987-8531 * > * _ * > * | * > * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * > * _|_ * > * | _ | * > * _______________________________| |________ * > * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * > * |/\____________________________________________/ * > ************************************************************** > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -- Chris Jeffrey NOAA/NOS/CCMA/Biogeography Program 301.713.3028 x-134 (Tel) 301.713.4384 (Fax) email: chris.jeffrey at noaa.gov Http://www.arches.uga.edu/~cjeffrey Mailing Address: ATTN. Chris Jeffrey N/SCI-1 ROOM 9222 1305 East-West Highway, SSMC-4, Silver Spring, MD 20910-3281 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Reefsavior at aol.com Wed Jun 27 15:42:03 2001 From: Reefsavior at aol.com (Reefsavior at aol.com) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 15:42:03 EDT Subject: Invitation to a Rebuttal Message-ID: <11f.e3e467.286b910b@aol.com> Coral listers, Last Sunday?s paper contained the following syndicated column about Global Warming by Thomas Sowell, "senior fellow at the Hoover Institute, Stanford University." Just when it seemed the scientific community has reached enough consensus to put the reality of global warming beyond debate and allow intelligent policy decisions to be considered in light of scientific fact, this kind of obfuscation and chauvinistic, industry-friendly dismissal appears in the paper and attempts to undermine any responsible efforts to deal with the problem by confusing the average, voting citizen. I am drafting a rebuttal to this article. Obviously, nothing is going to change Mr. Sowell?s mind, considering the tone of his piece. As an arch-conservative African American, he and his motives are unfathomable to me. But I think it is important to counter such articles in the media as soon as possible. Before I submit my response, I wanted to invite the comments of those of you on the coral list. Since sea surface temperatures are among the first signs of climate shifts and coral reefs seem to function as the canary in the mine shaft of global warming, the members of this list would be among the best informed to debate this issue. How would you refute the claims made by Mr. Sowell? Here is his article: Global Warming Report is Nothing but Hot Air A new political dogma is being spun by the media. "Science," they say, has now "proved" that global warming is a real danger and that human beings are responsible fort it, so that we need to take drastic steps to reduce greenhouse gases. This had been the widespread response to a recent publication by the National Academy of Sciences, which many in the media have taken as proof that we need to follow the drastic requirements of the Kyoto accords, in order to reduce the threat of global warming. The stampede toward draconian changes in our economy and in the whole American way of life required by the Kyoto accords is all too congenial to the mindset of the intelligentsia in general and the liberal media in particular. Anything that requires their superior wisdom and virtue to be imposed by government on the benighted masses has a favorable reception waiting in those quarters. Back in the 1970s, the hysteria was about global cooling and the prospect of a new ice age. A National Academy of Science report back then led Science magazine to conclude in its March 1, 1975 issue that a long "ice age is a real possibility." According to the April 28, 1975 issue of Newsweek, "the earth?s climate seems to be cooling down." A note of urgency was part of global cooling hysteria then as much as it is part of today?s global warming hysteria. According to the February 1973 issue of Science digest, "Once the freeze starts, it will be too late." Nothing is easier than to come up with mathematical models and doomsday scenarios. Politicians and government bureaucrats have been trying for well over a decade to sell a doomsday scenario of global warming, which would enhance the powers of -- you guessed it -- politicians and bureaucrats. Among scientists specializing in the study of weather and climate, there are many differences of opinion, reflecting the complex and uncertain data. Among the prominent scientists who do not go along with the global warming hysteria are Richard S. Lindzen, who is professor of meteorology at MIT, and Dr. S. Fred Singer, who created the American weather satellite system and whose book "Hot Talk, Cold Science" is must reading for those who want scientific facts rather than a political stampede. Although Lindzen is one of the big names listed in the National Academy of Science report, he disagrees with the global warming hysteria. As Lindzen notes, "the climate is always changing." Innumerable factors go into temperature changes and many of those factors, such as changing amounts of heat put out by the sun during different eras, are beyond the control human beings. Certain gasses, such as carbon dioxide, have the potential to affect temperature, but that is very different from saying that a particular rise in temperature during a particular era is necessarily due to "greenhouse gasses." A major part of the rising temperature over the past century took place before World War II - which was also before the large increases in carbon dioxide emissions in our time. The National Academy of Sciences report itself tiptoes around the fact that the timing of temperature increases does not coincide with the timing of increases in greenhouse gasses. As the NAS report puts it: "The cause of these irregularities and the disparities in timing are not completely understood." Even if we were to cripple our economy by carrying out the radical steps proposed by the Kyoto accords, this "would not result in a substantial reduction in global warming," according to Lindzen. He laments the use of science "as a source of authority with which to bludgeon political opponents and propagandize uninformed citizens." Unfortunately, many of these uninformed citizens are in the media. Thomas Sowell So, there you have it. I will resist the temptation to include my own stinging rebuke until the coral list has had a crack at it. Thanks! S.E. Thompson Research Associate, Oregon State University Director, Tropical Marine Biodiversity Trust ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu Wed Jun 27 17:34:43 2001 From: jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu (John McManus) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 17:34:43 -0400 Subject: Florida's Reefs In-Reply-To: Message-ID: Dear Trish, Thank you. I?m sure all of us within the coral reef research community greatly appreciate your very moving letter of support. John _________________________________________________________ John W. McManus, PhD Director, National Center for Caribbean Coral Reef Research (NCORE) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS) University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149. jmcmanus at rsmas.miami.edu Tel. (305) 361-4814 Fax (305) 361-4600 www.ncoremiami.org -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010627/55b6a446/attachment.html From carlson at waquarium.org Wed Jun 27 20:36:28 2001 From: carlson at waquarium.org (Bruce Carlson) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 14:36:28 -1000 Subject: Exotic coral cultured in the Caribbean In-Reply-To: <200106271819.IAA13567@phoenix.pixi.com> Message-ID: <4.3.2.7.2.20010627143130.01647e40@mail.waquarium.org> An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010627/161763b1/attachment.html From robepardoa at yahoo.com Wed Jun 27 17:12:02 2001 From: robepardoa at yahoo.com (Roberto Pardo) Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 14:12:02 -0700 (PDT) Subject: New member of the list In-Reply-To: <1A775853CEB4D411BCFB0050DA0DC1A60AB88F@gwdkaf.rikz.rws.minvenw.nl> Message-ID: <20010627211202.97271.qmail@web14506.mail.yahoo.com> --- "Bennink, C.A." wrote: > Dear NetCoast reader, > At the NetCoast website there's also a practitioners > database for persons > working in the field of ICZM. ( > http://www.netcoast.nl/netcoast/netcoast/index_search.htm > > , Use Text > Search) > We would like to expand the database. > Therefore we invite you to consider to be part of > this database. > This can be very simple by adding your details below > and send the message by > reply back to me. > > Title: Mr. > First Name Roberto > Prefix > SurName Pardo Angel > Function Environmental educator > Institute Environment Harutage Division - CVC > PostAddress Carrera 47 No. 3A - 31 barrio El Lido > PostalCode 26513 > City Cali > Country Colombia > Phone 57-2-5523003 > Fax > Emailaddress robepardoa at yahoo.com > Internet www.cvc.gov.co > > You are of course also invited to pass this message > on into your own > network. > > Warmest regards, and hope to hear from you. > > Carla Bennink > NetCoast webmiss > http://www.netcoast.nl > ===== %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Roberto Pardo Angel % % Marine Biologist and Environmental Educator % % P.O.BOX 26513 % % Cali, Colombia - South America % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get personalized email addresses from Yahoo! Mail http://personal.mail.yahoo.com/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From cbingman at panix.com Thu Jun 28 12:55:55 2001 From: cbingman at panix.com (Craig Bingman) Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 12:55:55 -0400 (EDT) Subject: Another viewpoint on Exotic corals cultured in the Caribbean In-Reply-To: <3B3A3564.E36DB428@noaa.gov> Message-ID: On Wed, 27 Jun 2001, Chris Jeffrey wrote: > I would like to add to John Ware's and David's Vogel's concerns about the > propagation of corals in Dominica. We all recognize the potential ecological > disaster that this specific operation may bode for that part of the > Caribbean. Additionally, It seem almost impossible that such an operation > could generate long term profits, given the slow-growing nature of coral, They don't grow that slowly. If light is free, aquaculture of corals for the ornamental marine market is economically viable, especially in areas with low labor costs. > and the openness of the resource. The carribean is not open to the ornamental market. > Would I advise anyone to buy corals and > place them back on a reef, where they can become damaged or become a free > resource for anyone to harvest and market? Additionally are corals being > taken from the wild for propagation or are they being cultured from gametes > in the lab? It would seem counter-productive to harvest coral to propagate > them for restoration. They are probably being propagated clonally (by fragmentation.) I'm sure that all the mother colonies were harvested from the wild (where else would one get a coral that is not currently aquacultured?) but as far as I know, the mandate of this organization is that they won't release any coral until it has doubled in mass a certain number of times. This allows one to leverage a small wild harvest of mother colonies into a large mass of corals for transplant or sale to the ornamental trade. I'm as concerned as anyone about the fact that non-indigenous corals are apparently being grown at that location, or any other location that shares water with the ocean. I honestly don't understand what they are up to here. Their culture of Carribean corals potentially for the ornamental trade is, as far as I know, unique. There are other locations where Indopacific corals are being cultured. I think they should stick with indigenous corals. If they would drop the exotics, I wouldn't have any objection to the operation. If I had to guess about what is going on, I'd guess that they are finding the Carribean corals to be more slowly growing than many of the branching indopacific corals. Rather than going legislative or legalistic, it might be more productive for some of the coral experts here to help them crank up the growth rate for their indigenous species, and then they might well simply drop the Indopacitic stuff. Given what I've read about the relative importance of heterotrophic/auxotrophic nutrition in some of the attractive species found in the Carribean, I suspect that their corals would grow more rapidly if they were fed. That might be a good place to start. Craig ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Alan.E.Strong at noaa.gov Thu Jun 28 12:27:29 2001 From: Alan.E.Strong at noaa.gov (Al Strong) Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 12:27:29 Subject: Rebuttal?? Message-ID: <200106281750.RAA09929@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> S. E. Thompson - Before you finalize your response to Mr. Sowell I would hope your emotions in your rebuttal would not be as evident as they were in your statement to coral-list below...e.g. 5th sentence?? Also note: http://www.greeningearthsociety.org/climate/v6n20/feature.htm AE Strong Coral listers, Last Sunday???s paper contained the following syndicated column about Global Warming by Thomas Sowell, "senior fellow at the Hoover Institute, Stanford University." Just when it seemed the scientific community has reached enough consensus to put the reality of global warming beyond debate and allow intelligent policy decisions to be considered in light of scientific fact, this kind of obfuscation and chauvinistic, industry-friendly dismissal appears in the paper and attempts to undermine any responsible efforts to deal with the problem by confusing the average, voting citizen. I am drafting a rebuttal to this article. Obviously, nothing is going to change Mr. Sowell???s mind, considering the tone of his piece. As an arch-conservative African American, he and his motives are unfathomable to me. But I think it is important to counter such articles in the media as soon as possible. Before I submit my response, I wanted to invite the comments of those of you on the coral list. Since sea surface temperatures are among the first signs of climate shifts and coral reefs seem to function as the canary in the mine shaft of global warming, the members of this list would be among the best informed to debate this issue. How would you refute the claims made by Mr. Sowell? Here is his article: Global Warming Report is Nothing but Hot Air A new political dogma is being spun by the media. "Science," they say, has now "proved" that global warming is a real danger and that human beings are responsible fort it, so that we need to take drastic steps to reduce greenhouse gases. This had been the widespread response to a recent publication by the National Academy of Sciences, which many in the media have taken as proof that we need to follow the drastic requirements of the Kyoto accords, in order to reduce the threat of global warming. The stampede toward draconian changes in our economy and in the whole American way of life required by the Kyoto accords is all too congenial to the mindset of the intelligentsia in general and the liberal media in particular. Anything that requires their superior wisdom and virtue to be imposed by government on the benighted masses has a favorable reception waiting in those quarters. Back in the 1970s, the hysteria was about global cooling and the prospect of a new ice age. A National Academy of Science report back then led Science magazine to conclude in its March 1, 1975 issue that a long "ice age is a real possibility." According to the April 28, 1975 issue of Newsweek, "the earth???s climate seems to be cooling down." A note of urgency was part of global cooling hysteria then as much as it is part of today???s global warming hysteria. According to the February 1973 issue of Science digest, "Once the freeze starts, it will be too late." Nothing is easier than to come up with mathematical models and doomsday scenarios. Politicians and government bureaucrats have been trying for well over a decade to sell a doomsday scenario of global warming, which would enhance the powers of -- you guessed it -- politicians and bureaucrats. Among scientists specializing in the study of weather and climate, there are many differences of opinion, reflecting the complex and uncertain data. Among the prominent scientists who do not go along with the global warming hysteria are Richard S. Lindzen, who is professor of meteorology at MIT, and Dr. S. Fred Singer, who created the American weather satellite system and whose book "Hot Talk, Cold Science" is must reading for those who want scientific facts rather than a political stampede. Although Lindzen is one of the big names listed in the National Academy of Science report, he disagrees with the global warming hysteria. As Lindzen notes, "the climate is always changing." Innumerable factors go into temperature changes and many of those factors, such as changing amounts of heat put out by the sun during different eras, are beyond the control human beings. Certain gasses, such as carbon dioxide, have the potential to affect temperature, but that is very different from saying that a particular rise in temperature during a particular era is necessarily due to "greenhouse gasses." A major part of the rising temperature over the past century took place before World War II - which was also before the large increases in carbon dioxide emissions in our time. The National Academy of Sciences report itself tiptoes around the fact that the timing of temperature increases does not coincide with the timing of increases in greenhouse gasses. As the NAS report puts it: "The cause of these irregularities and the disparities in timing are not completely understood." Even if we were to cripple our economy by carrying out the radical steps proposed by the Kyoto accords, this "would not result in a substantial reduction in global warming," according to Lindzen. He laments the use of science "as a source of authority with which to bludgeon political opponents and propagandize uninformed citizens." Unfortunately, many of these uninformed citizens are in the media. Thomas Sowell So, there you have it. I will resist the temptation to include my own stinging rebuke until the coral list has had a crack at it. Thanks! S.E. Thompson Research Associate, Oregon State University Director, Tropical Marine Biodiversity Trust _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From West.Jordan at EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV Thu Jun 28 15:23:26 2001 From: West.Jordan at EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV (West.Jordan at EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV) Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 15:23:26 -0400 Subject: Modeling reef vulnerability to climate change Message-ID: Dear Colleagues, Conservation International is modeling biotic response to climate change in terrestrial hotspots, and is interested in knowing if anyone is doing global modeling of biotic response in reefs to climate change - both with respect to projected temperature changes and calcification effects of enhanced CO2. Anyone interested in sharing information on global modeling of climate change and reefs, please contact Lee Hannah at CI's Center for Applied Biodiversity Science (CABS: l.hannah at conservation.org. Please respond directly to Lee Hannah, as opposed to this address. Many thanks, *************************************************************** Jordan M. West, Ph. D. AAAS/EPA Science and Engineering Fellow U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ORD/NCEA/Global Change Research Program 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue (Mail Code 8601D) Washington, DC 20460 Phone: 202/564-3384 Fax: 202/565-0075 e-mail: west.jordan at epa.gov *************************************************************** ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From gcleve at yahoo.com Fri Jun 29 07:34:43 2001 From: gcleve at yahoo.com (G. Cleveland) Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 11:34:43 GMT Subject: a little traveling music Message-ID: <200106291134.LAA12196@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> I'D LIKE TO BE UNDER THE SEA ... FOREVER Whoopie! -- you can now plan to have your cremated ashes sunk in the ocean as part of an eco-friendly artificial reef. A Georgia company, Eternal Reefs, is promoting the reefs as the "only death care option that is truly an environmental contribution and also creates a permanent, living memorial for the deceased and their families." The company mixes the ashes into concrete specially designed to last in seawater. It has sunk about 60 of the memorial reefs, mostly off the coast of Florida, and it hopes soon to be able to offer its customers the option of spending eternity in the Pacific. straight to the source: Los Angeles Times, John-Thor Dahlburg, 25 Jun 2001 Hasn't the mob been practising this for decades? ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From dallison at msn.com Thu Jun 28 17:18:53 2001 From: dallison at msn.com (Dave Allison) Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 14:18:53 -0700 Subject: Rebuttal?? Message-ID: <200106291208.MAA12160@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Mr. Strong; S.E. Thompson's comments are warranted, as is his very moderated expression of his opinion. Mr. Sowell is a dedicated opponent of rational conduct by industry and governments to address global climate change. Mr. Sowell, much like the green-washing organization "greening earth society, advocates unbridled growth of fossil fuels and makes continuing unjustified and unwarranted attacks on all environmental organizations. The "greening earth society", which I hope you were referencing as an example of dialectic worthy of a response equal to the response Thompson proposed to Sowell, is a promotional effort advocating expansion of CO2 emissions, denying damage to the world climate from burning fossil fuels and advocates a Cato Institute-like absence of regulation of any kind of emissions. Those emissions are loading the ocean as much as they are loading the upland forests. Their positions are all short term greed and profit and disregard of long term harm that results from fossil fuel burning. It is good to see NOAA personnel interested in this issue. Dave Allison Fish Forever >From: Al Strong >To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov >Subject: Rebuttal?? >Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 12:27:29 > >S. E. Thompson - > >Before you finalize your response to Mr. Sowell I would hope your emotions >in your rebuttal would not be as evident as they were in your statement to >coral-list below...e.g. 5th sentence?? > >Also note: > >http://www.greeningearthsociety.org/climate/v6n20/feature.htm > >AE Strong > >Coral listers, >Last Sunday???s paper contained the following syndicated column about >Global >Warming by Thomas Sowell, "senior fellow at the Hoover Institute, Stanford >University." Just when it seemed the scientific community has reached >enough consensus to put the reality of global warming beyond debate and >allow intelligent policy decisions to be considered in light of scientific >fact, this kind of obfuscation and chauvinistic, industry-friendly >dismissal >appears in the paper and attempts to undermine any responsible efforts to >deal with the problem by confusing the average, voting citizen. I am >drafting a rebuttal to this article. Obviously, nothing is going to change >Mr. Sowell???s mind, considering the tone of his piece. As an >arch-conservative African American, he and his motives are unfathomable to >me. But I think it is important to counter such articles in the media as >soon as possible. Before I submit my response, I wanted to invite the >comments of those of you on the coral list. Since sea surface temperatures >are among the first signs of climate shifts and coral reefs seem to >function >as the canary in the mine shaft of global warming, the members of this list >would be among the best informed to debate this issue. How would you >refute >the claims made by Mr. Sowell? >Here is his article: > >Global Warming Report is Nothing but Hot Air > >A new political dogma is being spun by the media. "Science," they say, has >now "proved" that global warming is a real danger and that human beings are >responsible fort it, so that we need to take drastic steps to reduce >greenhouse gases. This had been the widespread response to a recent >publication by the National Academy of Sciences, which many in the media >have >taken as proof that we need to follow the drastic requirements of the Kyoto >accords, in order to reduce the threat of global warming. >The stampede toward draconian changes in our economy and in the whole >American way of life required by the Kyoto accords is all too congenial to >the mindset of the intelligentsia in general and the liberal media in >particular. Anything that requires their superior wisdom and virtue to be >imposed by government on the benighted masses has a favorable reception >waiting in those quarters. >Back in the 1970s, the hysteria was about global cooling and the prospect >of >a new ice age. A National Academy of Science report back then led Science >magazine to conclude in its March 1, 1975 issue that a long "ice age is a >real possibility." According to the April 28, 1975 issue of Newsweek, "the >earth???s climate seems to be cooling down." A note of urgency was part of >global cooling hysteria then as much as it is part of today???s global >warming >hysteria. According to the February 1973 issue of Science digest, "Once >the >freeze starts, it will be too late." >Nothing is easier than to come up with mathematical models and doomsday >scenarios. Politicians and government bureaucrats have been trying for >well >over a decade to sell a doomsday scenario of global warming, which would >enhance the powers of -- you guessed it -- politicians and bureaucrats. >Among scientists specializing in the study of weather and climate, there >are >many differences of opinion, reflecting the complex and uncertain data. >Among the prominent scientists who do not go along with the global warming >hysteria are Richard S. Lindzen, who is professor of meteorology at MIT, >and >Dr. S. Fred Singer, who created the American weather satellite system and >whose book "Hot Talk, Cold Science" is must reading for those who want >scientific facts rather than a political stampede. >Although Lindzen is one of the big names listed in the National Academy of >Science report, he disagrees with the global warming hysteria. As Lindzen >notes, "the climate is always changing." Innumerable factors go into >temperature changes and many of those factors, such as changing amounts of >heat put out by the sun during different eras, are beyond the control human >beings. >Certain gasses, such as carbon dioxide, have the potential to affect >temperature, but that is very different from saying that a particular rise >in >temperature during a particular era is necessarily due to "greenhouse >gasses." A major part of the rising temperature over the past century took >place before World War II - which was also before the large increases in >carbon dioxide emissions in our time. >The National Academy of Sciences report itself tiptoes around the fact that >the timing of temperature increases does not coincide with the timing of >increases in greenhouse gasses. As the NAS report puts it: "The cause of >these irregularities and the disparities in timing are not completely >understood." >Even if we were to cripple our economy by carrying out the radical steps >proposed by the Kyoto accords, this "would not result in a substantial >reduction in global warming," according to Lindzen. He laments the use of >science "as a source of authority with which to bludgeon political >opponents >and propagandize uninformed citizens." Unfortunately, many of these >uninformed citizens are in the media. >Thomas Sowell > >So, there you have it. I will resist the temptation to include my own >stinging rebuke until the coral list has had a crack at it. Thanks! >S.E. Thompson >Research Associate, Oregon State University >Director, Tropical Marine Biodiversity Trust > > > > >_________________________________________________________________ >Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com > > >~~~~~~~ >For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the >digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the >menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From Leah.Bunce at noaa.gov Thu Jun 28 16:22:18 2001 From: Leah.Bunce at noaa.gov (Leah Bunce) Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 16:22:18 -0400 Subject: announcing ICRS MPA review Message-ID: <200106291209.MAA11979@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> I am forwarding the following announcement from Charles Ehler, Vice-Chair of the IUCN World Commission of Protected Areas-Marine regarding the recent publication of findings from MPA presentations at the 9th ICRS... Dear MPA Colleagues, The World Commission for Protected Areas-Marine is pleased to announce the electronic publication of "Designing Effective Coral Reef Marine Protected Areas" by Dr. Michael B. Mascia. This special report synthesizes the findings from MPA presentations given at the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium (Bali, Indonesia) and identifies select policy and management implications of this research. The report is available online at: . The executive summary follows. With kind regards, Charles Ehler Vice-Chair IUCN World Commission of Protected Areas-Marine Designing Effective Coral Reef Marine Protected Areas A Synthesis Report Based on Presentations at the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium Bali, Indonesia October 2000 Michael B. Mascia, Ph.D. Special Report to: IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas-Marine April 2001 Executive Summary Coral reef ecosystems provide direct and indirect benefits to millions of people around the world. The long-term sustainability of these benefits is threatened, however, by human activities that impact reefs and reef ecosystems. Traditional efforts to manage human activities and protect coral reefs have proven inadequate, spurring calls for a more ecosystem-oriented approach. Central to this ecosystem-oriented approach to coral reef management is the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs), a family of spatially-explicit marine management systems that includes underwater parks, fishery reserves, and wildlife sanctuaries. The promise of MPAs as a management tool has yet to be fully realized, in part because the science underlying effective MPA development and management is poorly understood. At the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium (ICRS) in Bali, Indonesia, dozens of scientists and practitioners presented cutting edge research on coral reef MPAs. This report synthesizes the findings from seventy-four ICRS presentations on MPAs and identifies select MPA policy and management implications from this natural and social scientific research. Presentations at the ICRS underscored the scientific uncertainty that surrounds the biophysical design of MPAs, but provided some basic "rules of thumb" for MPA policymakers. There was general consensus that MPAs should be designated in high quality habitats, either in the midst of ocean gyres or in 'upstream' locations. Results gave little substantive guidance regarding the proper size for a functional MPA, though some interesting hypotheses did emerge. Researchers indicated that MPAs are more likely to function as relatively independent units than interdependent ecological systems, especially over large spatial scales. Biological performance was not correlated with the spatial extent of coral reef MPAs, suggesting that bigger is not necessarily better. ICRS presentations provided valuable insights into the sociopolitical characteristics of effective coral reef MPAs. Presenters stressed that MPAs are not a panacea, but rather dependent upon the larger matrix of coral reef management initiatives. If adjacent areas are not well managed, MPAs will likely be insufficient to maintain productive coral reef ecosystems. Presenters demonstrated that devolving authority for MPA development and management to local governments, user groups, and nongovernmental organizations spurs MPA establishment and enhances MPA management effectiveness. Collaborative MPA management structures, however, appear to offer the greatest potential for linking national resources with local interests and knowledge. Presentations regarding MPA regulatory systems identified emerging "best practices". One of the most contentious debates at the ICRS was whether MPAs should be "no-take" or permit limited extractive use. Though there was no resolution on this point (the answer seems to be "it depends on the situation"), presenters did agree that the rules governing resource use within coral reef MPAs must be clear, easily understood, and easily enforceable. Likewise, internal and external MPA boundaries must be easily recognized by resource users and by enforcement personnel. Presenters generally agreed that MPA decisionmaking must be an adaptive and broadly participatory process. Such processes permit social learning, build on diverse sources of knowledge, build trust, and enhance the legitimacy of MPA rules and regulations. Exactly how and when participation should occur was a matter of contention. MPA advisory committees were viewed as one appropriate mechanism for ongoing stakeholder participation in MPA development and management. Presenters emphasized that mechanisms must be established to ensure that stakeholder representatives are accountable and responsive to their constituents. Finally, presenters noted that differences among stakeholders with respect to their beliefs (i.e., perceptions of how the world works), values (i.e., perceptions of what is good, desirable, or just), and interests (i.e., desired outcomes) often hinder MPA development and management, reflecting the need for decision-makers to agree on process before trying to decide outcomes. Discussion of the management and administrative dimensions of MPAs was limited at the ICRS. Presenters noted that devolution of authority for enforcement could enhance capacity, and stressed the need to design enforcement systems that promote accountability among enforcers and appropriate (not draconian) penalties for noncompliance with MPA rules and regulations. Presenters suggested that clear management goals and objectives, as well as environmental education and outreach initiatives, facilitate effective MPA management. Research and monitoring were seen as critical components of MPA management, and speakers stressed the importance of monitoring both biological and social performance indicators. Speakers also stressed the importance of collecting baseline data, and sampling at multiple spatial and temporal scales, in order to inform site development, measure change over time, and provide the basis for adaptive management. Finally, speakers noted that enlisting stakeholders in the collection and analysis of research and monitoring data educates participants and builds capacity and trust. During the ICRS, special emphasis was placed upon the role of no-take MPAs in supporting sustainable coral reef fisheries in Southeast Asia. Community participation, sustainable financing, enforcement, planning and design, and adaptive management were identified as five critical challenges to the development and management of MPAs in the region. At an evening workshop sponsored by NOAA, IUCN, and The Nature Conservancy, participants identified priority actions that would enhance MPA management across the region. These priority actions included training in community-based management, a regional inventory of experiences with sustainable financing, the development of model legislation and policy frameworks for decentralized enforcement, a regional assessment of priority sites for no-take MPAs, and the development of adaptive management pilot projects. Readers of this report should recognize its limitations. The scientific synthesis presented herein is based on the notes of nine volunteers and the author, who used a standard form to characterize seventy-four ICRS presentations most relevant to MPA development and management. The author synthesized these notes into the report summary, and derived policy implications from the report summaries and his personal knowledge of the natural and social scientific literature. These methods may have introduced uncertainties or biases into the report. Furthermore, neither the research upon which this report is based nor this report itself has been peer-reviewed, and therefore this report does not merit the same level of confidence as refereed research. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From fpl at circop.com Fri Jun 29 08:11:46 2001 From: fpl at circop.com (Fabrice Poiraud-Lambert) Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 12:11:46 GMT Subject: Another viewpoint on Exotic corals cultured in the Caribbean Message-ID: <200106291211.MAA12239@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Dear all, Sorry for this question, but there is no hidden thinking behind as this is not my area : what could be the bad effects of a foreign coral species propagation in Caribbean (or somewhere else) ? Replacement/destruction of the previous ones and loss of the associated animals (fish, shrimps, etc...) ? Diseases ? Is there no positive aspect ? What if all coral species are gone/killed in a specific area ? No hope ? Chris said : "(...) given the slow-growing nature of coral (...) are corals being taken from the wild for propagation or are they being cultured from gametes in the lab? It would seem counter-productive to harvest coral to propagate them for restoration" => As far as I know (at least based on my personnal reef tank production where I need to harvest fragments very often), many coral species can grow very fast in captive tanks (check this movie from a not too fast Acropora sp : http://mars.reefkeeper.net/movie.html), and one fast growing mother colony can give several hundreds of small colonies per year. Coral Farms in the wild (in the Philippines for ex) shown that this fragments farming allows to produce thousands of small colonies per months...and this is feasible with fewer skills and equipment than with Gametes...no ? Is it that chocking ? Best Regards Fabrice ----- Original Message ----- From: Chris Jeffrey To: Cc: Vogel, David ; Sent: Wednesday, June 27, 2001 9:35 PM Subject: Re: Another viewpoint on Exotic corals cultured in the Caribbean > Dear list > > I would like to add to John Ware's and David's Vogel's concerns about the > propagation of corals in Dominica. We all recognize the potential ecological > disaster that this specific operation may bode for that part of the > Caribbean. Additionally, It seem almost impossible that such an operation > could generate long term profits, given the slow-growing nature of coral, > and the openness of the resource. Would I advise anyone to buy corals and > place them back on a reef, where they can become damaged or become a free > resource for anyone to harvest and market? Additionally are corals being > taken from the wild for propagation or are they being cultured from gametes > in the lab? It would seem counter-productive to harvest coral to propagate > them for restoration. > > However, the Dominica situation is symptomatic of the economic and > environmental dilemma now facing the small island states of the > south-eastern Caribbean. The demise of the bananas and other crops (e.g., > nutmegs, cocoa) as a major foreign exchange earner for this region has > forced many farmers to abandon their bananas fields and seek alternative > means to earn a living (e.g., hotels, night time security, fishing). I know > this personally because I am from Grenada and several of my neighbors have > have stopped farming. I have heard that some farmers in neighboring islands > have even threatened to grow marijuana in retaliation to perceived U.S. > threats to the region's banana industry (The banana demise was due primarily > to the U.S. decision to force the British Commonwealth to stop subsidizing > Eastern Caribbean bananas to ensure fair international trade as pointed out > by david Vogel). > > It may be that the Dominica authorities are now looking for alternative > means of economic income for the people of Dominica. The project may seem > rather "stupid or disastrous" ecologically, but it may be an economically > rational (although not the best) response to increasing economic hardship. > Many other south eastern Caribbean islands have made similar responses to > declining economic conditions. One only has to look at the new and > relatively large fisheries complexes being built in these islands (e.g., > Grenada, St. Vincent and others) within the last decade through financial > and technical assistance from Asian countries (e.g., Japan, Taiwan, Korea > etc.). These fisheries complexes were/are being built based on the premise > that increased fishing/processing capacity, results in increased fish > landings, and ultimately, would bring more economic benefits to these > islands. Clearly, the trend in world fish catch has shown that increased > fishing capacity will not increase the amount of fish available for fishing, > but eventually would result in the decline of available fish resources. > > So the hard question now is, does a person/people/island have the luxury to > worry about the potential or future ecological consequences of his/her/their > actions when faced with the problem of providing for life's basic > necessities during an economic crisis such as faced by the south-eastern > Caribbean islands? I would bet that this would be the argument that any U.S. > based environmentalist/ecologist trying to would face if they were to tackle > such an issue in those islands. The sad thing is that corporations/firms > from "developed countries" often try to exploit this economic-environmental > dilemma by going to these small islands with project/schemes that would fail > or would not be allowed in their home countries (Dominica being the case in > point). > > > Chris > > > > John Ware wrote: > > > Dear List, > > > > Just as an aside to David Vogel's concerns about the propagation of > > corals on Dominica: I visited the lab in Dec, 1999. At that time I was > > told that there is some sort of quid pro quo with the Dominican > > government. That's well enough. However, the startling information was > > that some Dominican government official supposedly suggested that, what > > with all these corals from all over the world, one could set up various > > reef types around the island. There could be, for example, an > > Australian reef and a Hawaiian reef and a Samoan reef, etc. > > > > Naturally, the lab explained the problems associated with such a > > scheme. One wonders when someone will actually try something that > > stupid and we find a real ecological disaster on our hands. Imagine > > Acanthaster in the Caribbean!! > > > > John > > > > -- > > ************************************************************* > > * * > > * John R. Ware, PhD * > > * President * > > * SeaServices, Inc. * > > * 19572 Club House Road * > > * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * > > * 301 987-8507 * > > * jware at erols.com * > > * seaservices.org * > > * fax: 301 987-8531 * > > * _ * > > * | * > > * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * > > * _|_ * > > * | _ | * > > * _______________________________| |________ * > > * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * > > * |/\____________________________________________/ * > > ************************************************************** > > ~~~~~~~ > > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > -- > Chris Jeffrey > > NOAA/NOS/CCMA/Biogeography Program > 301.713.3028 x-134 (Tel) > 301.713.4384 (Fax) > email: chris.jeffrey at noaa.gov > Http://www.arches.uga.edu/~cjeffrey > > Mailing Address: > > ATTN. Chris Jeffrey > N/SCI-1 ROOM 9222 > 1305 East-West Highway, SSMC-4, > Silver Spring, MD 20910-3281 > > > ~~~~~~~ > For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the > digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the > menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. > > ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From jadward at ibl.bm Fri Jun 29 08:20:28 2001 From: jadward at ibl.bm (Jack Ward) Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 09:20:28 -0300 Subject: Exotic coral cultured in the Caribbean References: <4.3.2.7.2.20010627143130.01647e40@mail.waquarium.org> Message-ID: <007301c10096$b032d3e0$a5e6acc7@ibl.bm> At Bermuda we completely agree with the need to protect against introduction of exotics. As the Bermuda Aquarium runs largely on an open system, we display no exotics or even imported specimens of locally abundant species. Indeed, in Bermuda the importation of live marine specimens for aquaria is not permitted. It really is a shame when there is such great inconsistency in protection of shared waters from invasive species. What happens in the Caribbean is certainly of concern to us in Bermuda. None of us have forgotten the mass mortality of Diadema which appeared to originated somewhere near Panama and led to the loss of most of those urchins throughout the region and as far north as Bermuda. Also with regard to Bruce's comment about mechanical systems failing when noone is around, experience certainly supports that premise. Jack Ward Bermuda Aquarium, Museum and Zoo ----- Original Message ----- From: Bruce Carlson To: Paul Holthus ; coral-list-daily at coral.aoml.noaa.gov Cc: dvogel at rossmed.edu.dm Sent: Wednesday, June 27, 2001 9:36 PM Subject: Re: Exotic coral cultured in the Caribbean RE: Releasing aquarium water from coral tanks directly to the ocean I'd like to add my 2-cents to this discussion. The concerns expressed by David Vogel are of real concern. Last night we had a major spawning event at the Waikiki Aquarium in two of our outdoor South Pacific coral exhibits (mostly acroporids from Fiji collected in the 1980's). Due to concerns about the possible accidental introduction of larvae or pathogens (or even exotic zooxanthellae !) into our local waters, we have gone to great lengths to avoid having any water from these aquariums wind up in the ocean. Had we not done this, we could have easily "seeded" Waikiki with several exotic species of corals last night and very likely none of us would have been any wiser because the event happened after dark. Had we not had someone checking for fish eggs last night, the coral spawning event would have gone unnoticed. Ozone is not a 100% sure method of destroying pathogens, larvae, zooxs etc., nor is UV sterilization. Sooner or later these mechanical systems fail (usually at night when no one is around) and untreated water will be released. The only relatively inexpensive method to solve this problem would be to dig a large pit (away from the ocean!), fill it with gravel and direct the effluent into the pit/ground. There are some possible problems with this method too but at least it is not subject to mechanical failure. By the way, a major coral spawning episode in an aquarium is not a pretty sight when it's all over! Bruce Carlson Waikiki Aquarium Honolulu At 08:22 AM 6/27/2001 -1000, Paul Holthus wrote: Dear David, Your concerns about the culturing of non-Caribbean corals in Dominica are valid. It is important that culturing efforts take appropriate precautions re introduced species, parasites and pathogens. You may be interested to learn of the Marine Aquarium Council (MAC), an international organization that brings together conservation organizations, the responsible members if the marine aquarium industry, government agencies, public aquariums and other stakeholders. This growing global network has over 2600 members in 60 countries and is developing "best practice" standards, a certification system, and a labeling program for sustainability in the collection, culture and commerce in marine aquarium organisms. The certification system will be launched later this year. The initial version is focused on the wild caught marine ornamentals industry, as this accounts for 98% of the animals in the trade. We are working to develop the standards for culturing as quickly as possible to address the kinds of operations you have described. This will assist governments, conservation organizations and concerned individuals such as yourself to be able to ensure that these operations are not creating environmental impacts. More information on MAC certification is available at the MAC web site: www.aquariumcouncil.org. If you would like to keep in touch with these developments, I would encourage you to visit the web site and submit the short form to subscribe to the MAC network. Sincerely, Paul Holthus Executive Director Marine Aquarium Council 923 Nu'uanu Ave., Honolulu, Hawaii USA 96817 Phone: (+1 808) 550-8217 Fax: (+1 808) 550-8317 Email: paul.holthus at aquariumcouncil.org Website: www.aquariumcouncil.org Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 15:33:36 -0300 From: "Vogel, David" Subject: Exotic coral cultured in the Caribbean I am not a coral researcher. I address this list on the advice of a member of the list. I am a physiologist living on the island of Dominica (not to be confused for the Dominican Republic). I am concerned about a business that has been established on Dominica and seek advice about the hazards it presents, if any, and what actions might be appropriate. Advanced Marine Technologies describes itself as culturing coral primarily for use in restoration of damaged reefs and secondarily for sale to aquarium owners. They are, at least, successfully maintaining numerous species of coral obtained both from local reefs and from the South Pacific. The corals obtained from the South Pacific, and their possible pathogens, are the source of my concern. The design of the facility is as follows: Seawater from Prince Rupert's Bay is circulated through a large tank - possibly in the neighborhood of 50,000 liters. This tank contains mixed local corals. From this tank water is circulated to, perhaps, 15 or 20 small tanks each of which contains an single species of coral. Some of these species are from the South Pacific. Water being returned to the large tank is treated with ultraviolet light. There is no provision for removing particulates, which might be resistant to UV treatment, from the return flow. The water in the tanks appeared clear, and I was assured that the flow through the tanks is stopped when the tanks are cleaned in order to prevent return of particulates. I have some doubts about what happens when flow is restored. Effluent from the large tank is returned to Prince Rupert's Bay. In principle, the effluent is treated with ozone. However, on a recent day, the ozone treatment was down and the plant was still returning water to the Caribbean. With the exception of Haiti, Dominica is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, and I do not wish to make myself unwelcome in this lovely, friendly place by causing unwarranted trouble for even a small industry. (The banana economy of these 70,000 people has been destroy by a U.S. decision to force the British Commonwealth to stop subsidizing Dominican bananas.) However, I feel obliged to inquire as to the risks Advanced Marine Technologies presents, and for example, what international treaties might be relevant to its operation. For some time prior to finding the ozone treatment down, I have had concerns about the level of training of the personnel who operate the plant, and about the ability of the government of this small place to regulate such a facility. David Vogel Home: 1-767-445-3598 Ross University Office: 1-767-445-5355 ext. 287 P.O. Box 266 FAX: 1-767-445-3457 Portsmouth E-mail: dvogel at rossmed.edu.dm Commonwealth of Dominica Paul Holthus Executive Director, Marine Aquarium Council 923 Nu'uanu Ave., Honolulu, Hawaii USA 96817 Phone: (+1 808) 550-8217 Fax: (+1 808) 550-8317 Email: paul.holthus at aquariumcouncil.org Website: www.aquariumcouncil.org ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/20010629/d74b9136/attachment.html From McCarty_and_Peters at compuserve.com Fri Jun 29 20:20:24 2001 From: McCarty_and_Peters at compuserve.com (McCarty and Peters) Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 20:20:24 -0400 Subject: Another viewpoint on Exotic corals cultured in the Caribbean Message-ID: <200106292020_MC3-D7B4-C355@compuserve.com> Dear Fabrice, As you have seen on the Coral-list, the major concern is introduction of Indo-Pacific species to Caribbean waters. Nonindigenous species introductions have played an important, and adverse, role in many ecosystems. For example, San Francisco Bay now appears to have at least 50% of its species originating from other areas due to ship traffic. The damage done by zebra mussels in the Great Lakes and now tributaries is well-documented. Predation, competition, and other interactions have led to the demise of many populations of native species when nonindigenous species become adapted to their new environment (a large body of literature exists on this topic). From a disease perspective, with these "macro" organisms come associated microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, algae, fungi, and metazoans living within the tissues or on their surfaces (and not necessarily apparent as the host animal or plant might not show any signs of disease), or in the water accompanying the shipments. If these organisms are released into Caribbean waters and survive, there is a grave danger that local fauna will not be able to defend themselves from infection because they have never encountered these parasites and pathogens before, and disease or death can result. If these microorganisms proliferate, they might be carried on water currents throughout the Caribbean region. Other cases of introductions of pathogens from aquaculture facilities to local populations have been documented in, for example, oysters, shrimp, and fish. This is why these facilities have had to reduce or eliminate their discharges directly to certain waterbodies and why shipments of seed or brood stock must be quarantined or undergo documented inspections and searches for specific pathogens before interstate transport is permitted (in the United States and elsewhere). Many people are involved in the U.S. and regulations and programs have been developed to protect indigenous organisms. Thus, the concerns expressed on the list are valid and require questioning these operations in Dominica. Esther Peters ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From sparksnteach at nni.com Fri Jun 29 16:30:00 2001 From: sparksnteach at nni.com (sue and brian) Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 16:30:00 -0400 Subject: coral reef books, videos, cd-rom K-12 Message-ID: <200106300043.AAA13946@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> My name is Susan Hieter and I teach at Kutztown High School in Kutztown, = PA. I teach biology, chemistry, and marine biology. I am taking a course through Rutgers University in NJ dealing with coral reef research in the Cayman Islands from July 17-26, 2001. My project is to design a = resource site for all teachers (K-12) regarding coral reefs. Do you have any = free (sample) books, videos, or CD-ROMs on coral reefs that I may have? I = will be evaluating them and discussing their content on the site for all = teachers to access and use in their classroom. Please let me know if you can = help me out. It would be greatly appreciated.=20 =20 My home address is: Susan Hieter 1068 Hudson Way Nazareth, PA 18064 610-746-9846 My school address is: Susan Hieter KAHS 50 Trexler Ave. Kutztown, PA 19530 610-683-7346 =20 Thank you very much, Susan Hieter email: biochemkahs at yahoo.com=20 ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver. From blueboy_d1 at lycos.com Sat Jun 30 00:24:57 2001 From: blueboy_d1 at lycos.com (fdsafsa dvasdfas) Date: Sat, 30 Jun 2001 12:24:57 +0800 Subject: Info on coral bleaching Message-ID: Dear all, Is there any other info/journals that will publish/published lately for my references?...It is great if I can have a copy of the journal/info...and to whom who had sent me the info, thank you very much.TQ Get 250 color business cards for FREE! http://businesscards.lycos.com/vp/fastpath/ ~~~~~~~ For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.