When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established

Mark Spalding Mark.Spalding at unep-wcmc.org
Mon Sep 3 09:26:15 EDT 2001


I've been digging about on the WCPA database of marine protected areas. I think there are quite a few sites older than  Fort Jefferson, but probably the majority of these are coastal and do not include significant areas of open sea. Good candidates for the first include:

- Wilson's Promontory National Park, Australia. First reserved in 1898, NP status in 1905, with coastal waters added in in 1908.
- Matang Hunting Reserve, Malaysia. First established in 1904 and incorporating large mangrove areas.
- Breton National Wildlife Refuge, USA. First establish 1904.
etc. 

It is difficult, with some of these, for me to chase up the boundary definitions of the original site. You might also argue that marine areas were not the primary object of protection, but I think you would certainly have to argue this for Fort Jefferson too!

And of course the first real protected reefs were probably those set aside under traditional reef cultures, especially those of the Pacific Islands.


__________________________________________

Mark Spalding, PhD
Senior Marine Ecologist                             
UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre   www.unep-wcmc.org
219 Huntingdon Road                                 Tel: +44 (0)1223 277314
Cambridge, CB3 0DL                                  Fax: +44 (0)1223 277136
UK                                    e-mail:mark.spalding at unep-wcmc.org
or
Research Associate
Cambridge Coastal Research Unit
Department of Geography
Downing St
Cambridge
UK 


>>> <Tom_Schmidt at nps.gov> 08/31/01 08:38pm >>>

The date of the Presidential Proclamation  creating Fort Jefferson NM was
January 4 1935 !


                                                                                          
                    Tom Schmidt                                                           
                                         To:     "jacob Dafni" <jdafni at netvision.net.il>  
                    08/31/01 03:21       cc:     coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov           
                    PM EDT               Subject:     Re: When was the first Marine       
                                         Park/Reserve established(Document link: Tom      
                                         Schmidt)                                         
                                                                                          



Jacob,

According to the legislative history of Dry Tortugas National Park, (70
miles west of Key West, FL, USA), Fort Jefferson National Monument became
the World's first marine protected area when Franklin Roosevelt signed
Presidential Proclamation No. 21112 (Stat. 3430). The Monument name was
changed to Dry Tortugas National Park in 1992 with management purposes to
protect and interpret a "pristine subtropical marine ecosystem, with
special attention to intact coral reef communities".

Tom Schmidt
Marine Biologist
Everglades and Dry Tortugas National Parks
Homestead, FL 33034


                                                                                            
                    "jacob Dafni"                                                           
                    <jdafni at netvisi       To:     <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>          
                    on.net.il>            cc:     (bcc: Tom Schmidt/EVER/NPS)               
                                          Subject:     When was the first Marine            
                    08/30/01 01:29         Park/Reserve established                         
                    AM MDT                                                                  
                                                                                            
                                                                                            





Hi All listers

For a forthcoming publication, I need the following piece of information:

Which was the first Underwater marine park and/or coral nature reseve in
the world, and when was it formally established?

Thanks for your cooperation

Jacob Dafni

~<°))))><~<°))))><~<°))))><~<°))))><~<°))))><~<°))))><~
Dr. Jacob Dafni
P.O box 6469
Eilat
Israel
jdafni at netvision.net.il 
jdafni at hotmail.com 
http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni 
http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave 
~<°))))><~<°))))><~<°))))><~<°))))><~<°))))><~<°))))><~





<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content="text/html; charset=windows-1252" http-equiv=Content-Type>
<META content="MSHTML 5.00.2614.3500" name=GENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial (hebrew)" size=2>Hi All listers</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial (hebrew)" size=2>For a forthcoming publication, I
need&nbsp;the following piece of information:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial (hebrew)" size=2>Which was the first
Underwater&nbsp;marine park and/or coral nature reseve in the world, and
when
was it formally established?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial (hebrew)" size=2>Thanks for your cooperation</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial (hebrew)" size=2>Jacob Dafni</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial (hebrew)" size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial (hebrew)"
size=2>~&lt;°))))&gt;&lt;~&lt;°))))&gt;&lt;~&lt;°))))&gt;&lt;~&lt;°))))&gt;
&lt;~ &lt;°))))&gt;&lt;~&lt;°))))&gt;&lt;~<BR>Dr.
Jacob Dafni <BR>P.O box 6469 <BR>Eilat<BR>Israel<BR><A
href="mailto:jdafni at netvision.net.il">jdafni at netvision.net.il</A><BR><A
href="mailto:jdafni at hotmail.com">jdafni at hotmail.com</A><BR><A
href="http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni 
">http://www.come.to/jacob-dafni</A><BR><A href="
http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave">http://www.dafni.com/gulfsave</A><BR>~&lt;°
))))&gt;&lt;~&lt;°))))&gt;&lt;~&lt;°))))&gt;&lt;~&lt;°))))&gt;&lt;
~&lt;°))))&gt;
&lt;~&lt;°))))&gt;&lt;~<BR></DIV></FONT>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial (hebrew)" size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>



Received: from coral.aoml.noaa.gov ([192.111.123.248]) by
ccmail.itd.nps.gov
with SMTP
  (IMA Internet Exchange 3.13) id 00D4E002; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:50:53 -0400
Received: (from majordom at localhost)
 by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) id DAA07202
 for coral-list-outgoing; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 03:21:47 GMT
Received: from mailgw3.netvision.net.il (mailgw.netvision.net.il [194.90.1.11])
 by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (SGI-8.9.3/8.9.3) with ESMTP id XAA07154
 for <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:21:35 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from dafni (ras16-p16.rvt.netvision.net.il [62.0.135.145])
 by mailgw3.netvision.net.il (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id GAA01975
 for <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>; Thu, 30 Aug 2001 06:19:31 +0300 (IDT)
Message-ID: <005c01c1310b$a1f0d200$9187003e at dafni>
From: "jacob Dafni" <jdafni at netvision.net.il>
To: <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Subject: When was the first Marine Park/Reserve established
Date: Thu, 30 Aug 2001 06:24:15 +0200
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200
Sender: owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov 






~~~~~~~
For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the
digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.

---------------------------------------------------------------
This E-mail and any attachments are private, intended solely for
the use of the addressee. If you are not the intended recipient,
they have been sent to you in error: any use of information in
them is strictly prohibited. 

The employer reserves the right to monitor the content of
the message and any reply received.

~~~~~~~
For directions on subscribing and unsubscribing to coral-list or the
digests, please visit www.coral.noaa.gov, click on Popular on the
menu bar, then click on Coral-List Listserver.



More information about the Coral-list-old mailing list