[Coral-List] Re: use of laboratory reared corals for experiments
Robert Richmond
richmond at hawaii.edu
Thu Jul 15 17:24:32 EDT 2004
Dear Shashank, et al.,
There are a number of advantages to using lab-reared corals, most importantly, the ability to have enough for a good statistical design (high N) without impacting reef populations. We routinely run 50 corals in an assay, and it would be difficult to justify killing this number in a toxicology study and claim coral reef conservation motivations if these were from the field. We can also control for genetic variation which is an issue, as the effects of genetic variability may override differences resulting from exposure to the variable in question. You can select a single parent for brooding species and a single cross for spawning species. If you grow the corals out in a flowing (open) seawater system, you'll get most of the natural associated flora and fauna you identified.
Best wishes,
Bob
Robert H. Richmond, Ph.D.
Research Professor
Kewalo Marine Laboratory
Pacific Biomedical Research Center
University of Hawaii at Manoa
41 Ahui Street
Honolulu, Hawaii 96813
Phone: 808-539-7331
Fax: 808-599-4817
e-mail: richmond at hawaii.edu
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Today's Topics:
1. Science Director Position (CMRC)
2. using tank reared corals for experiments (shashank Keshavmurthy)
3. RE: sponge leeward/windward inquiry (Jane Fromont)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Wed, 14 Jul 2004 11:29:59 -0400
From: "CMRC" <cmrc at cmrc.org>
Subject: [Coral-List] Science Director Position
To: "CORAL AOML" <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-ID: <014301c469b7$6ce3b310$95eb0cc8 at fl04333joceln>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Science Director
Perry Institute for Marine Science
The Perry Institute for Marine Science seeks an experienced researcher with
leadership, organizational, management, and team-building skills. This
position will manage the science programs, assist program
development/institutional planning and contribute substantially to outreach,
including fund-raising activities. A primary responsibility will be to
coordinate effective research programs for NOAA's undersea research center
and to manage the associated administrative functions of research at Lee
Stocking Island in the Bahamas. Candidates are to develop extramural funded
research in collaboration with PIMS science programs. Successful candidates
will have a doctoral degree in an appropriate field of marine ecology,
evidence of outstanding research potential, proven grant writing skills,
demonstrated supervisory and managerial experience, and a recognized
capability to administer research. Familiarity with federal grant
requirements and experience with the geography and ecology of the Caribbean
region is preferred. The position is based in Jupiter, Florida, with
periodic travel required.
Submit resume and list of publications along with cover letter including
salary history/requirements and three professional references to hr at cmrc.org
or fax to 561-741-0193. Incomplete applications will not be considered.
Closing date for resumes is 08/15/04.
The Perry Institute for Marine Science (PIMS), a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit
organization based in Florida since 1970, is dedicated to improving and
enhancing understanding of the wider Caribbean region's marine environment
by supporting and conducting high quality marine research and education
programs in order to provide solutions for people and our oceans. PIMS
operates advanced research and diving facilities on Lee Stocking Island,
Bahamas and administers and operates the Caribbean Marine Research Center,
one of six centers in the National Undersea Research Program of NOAA.
EOE/DFWP
------------------------------
Message: 2
Date: Wed, 14 Jul 2004 10:15:33 -0700 (PDT)
From: shashank Keshavmurthy <iamshanky15 at yahoo.com>
Subject: [Coral-List] using tank reared corals for experiments
To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
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Hi all!!
Here I am again with one of my questions. It again is very simple and may be basic but I need to know...................
My question is about artificially reared corals which may be available in large numbers in future for all our coral related research.
Will they not be a kind of too ideal specimens for the experiments? I mean when we do our experiments with corals sampled form natural environments we have to remember that the coral not just have symbiosis with zooxanthellae but also with numerous other microscopic and macroscopic creatures which may be necessary for the normal coral behaviour and life.
Now if one considers artificially reared corals, most of these associations are being phased out.
Will it have an effect on our ultimate understanding on the coral behaviour as a result of coral interaction change?
Because all our experiments is not just to crack disease and other problems but also to understand the coral ecology and biology so that we can try and make better place for their continuous survival.
I hope Eric can answer my question. We had a nice discussion in Okinawa and also it he gave an interesting talk about aquarium corals and their possible use which is responsible for the genesis of this question.
Cheers!!!
shashank
"the role of infinitely small in nature is infinitely large"-Louis Pasteur
Keshavmurthy Shashank
Kochi University, Faculty of Agriculture
Lab. of AQUa. Environ. Sci. (LAQUES)
Otsu 200, Monobe, Nankoku-shi
783-8502, Kochi, Japan
alt. id: shashank at cc.kochi-u.ac.jp
phone: 81 090 8285 9012From annemariekramer at yahoo.com Wed Jul 14 14:41:13 2004
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Dear ladies and gentlemen,=20
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Please allow us to introduce ourselves.
We are two biologists from Austria, both with a Master's degree =
(Subject area Biology, area of concentration Zoology-Marine Biology).
The plan we now have in mind is to do our PhDs in marine or freshwater =
biology. Both of us have worked with feeding ecology of fish (Gerres =
cinereus and Perca fluviatilis).
Within a possible future project, that would be supervised by the =
University of Salzburg, Austria, we are writing to inquire the =
opportunity of data collection at a Research Station.
If possible - by any chance - this would ideally be combined with any =
kind of temporary part time job to finance our living costs.
However, if you might have any idea, please do not hesitate to contact =
us.=20
We hope our request will not cause you too much trouble.
All in all we would be very grateful to hear from you.
=20
With kind regards
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Annemarie Kramer and Sylvia HartlFrom eborneman at uh.edu Wed Jul 14 21:48:38 2004
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From: Eric Borneman <eborneman at uh.edu>
Subject: Re: [Coral-List] using tank reared corals for experiments
Date: Wed, 14 Jul 2004 20:47:47 -0500
To: shashank Keshavmurthy <iamshanky15 at yahoo.com>
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Hi Shashank:
These are very good questions, and ones that others have certainly
brought up.
If you are familiar with really well-run reef aquaria, you will know
that they are reasonably accurate microcosms. The diversity has been
found to be equal to many wild reefs (Allegra Small published in Atoll
Research Bulletin) but missing some important taxa, but also having
higher populations of others and often with similar ecological roles.
They respond similarly to stress, including sedimentation, temperature,
nutrients, and perturbation. Bleaching and disease are present. The
water quality, if properly maintained, is similar to wild reefs;
lighting can be produced that is as intense as shallow water
environments or as low as deep water habitats, etc. Even water flow
today utilizing surge systems, microprocessor controlled large bore
pumps, wave timers, wave boxes, and other recently available devices,
is potentially comparable to wild reefs. Coral growth rates have been
shown to be equal or exceed those in the wild (several older studies
and several at the 10ICRS, too). Sexual reproduction is becoming more
and more common and predictable (I had a poster on this). Predation,
competition, parasitism, commensalism, and other symbioses, as well as
typical top-down and bottom-up effects occur. Algal and zooplankton
blooms appear and disappear seasonally. Marshall Hayes gave a nice
talk where he looked at microbial surface flora and found diversity and
variation over the long term in many ways similar to what Forest Rohwer
described in an earlier presentation in wild corals. Just as no two
reefs are the same, neither are two reef aquaria, even when "set up"
identically. Thus, even variation attributed to biological and
ecological processes are occurring.
While certain aspects are obviously not comparable to reefs, and often
are limited by scale, they are pretty darn good small and somewhat
controllable habitats. I cannot speak for others involved and
presenting similar projects, or mariculture efforts, but we are
operating at that level and not at the highly artificial level where
conditions are vastly different from the field. It is my experience
that corals, at least, do not do very well under those conditions
anyway and will not thrive in glass boxes filled with seawater, an
airstone, and a fluorescent bulb.
There are clearly many research areas which cannot and probably should
not be done in aquaria, but there are also many which can, and
specifically I think would be useful to test models where large scale
field experiments are difficult to basically impossible or useless. If
there are specific associations to be studied, as you allude in your
post, many can probably be reproduced in tanks with someone skilled
enough to accomplish it. Bruce Carlson wrote an article in the 1999 Am
Zool, "Organism responses to rapid change: what aquaria tell us about
nature" that is a good review of these concepts.
Anyway, what our project involves is currently strictly for the CDHC
disease research and so there really won't be "artificially reared
corals which may be available in large numbers in future for all our
coral related research" - at least from us - in the near future. This
is fairly new ground, and we will know soon enough how appropriate
these corals are for disease research (though I pretty much know the
answer!). At the present time, we have not even begun to work towards
expanding the project for other areas of coral research, but it has, of
course, crossed our mind. I'm sure we will try and attract some funding
for any future developments of that sort, and maybe perhaps as a pilot
project to further assess the application of the effort to other
research. If it turns out it is feasible, it should be quite a boon
for many investigators (clonal lines, genotype and geographical
separation, larger potential sample sizes, etc.), and also hopefully
cut back on loss from wild populations, as well as being less expensive
to acquire. That is what we are hoping. Now, to do this would require
me to clone myself (or find some other interested and able persons),
because as I mentioned in my talk, this is just one of my
"side-projects" - and since you saw the scale of it, you can probably
imagine what expansion would entail. I could easily dedicate all day,
every day, to this work and would enjoy it immensely but alas, I have
my own research interests, too.
Thanks for the thought-provoking comments.
Best,
Eric Borneman
Department of Biology
University of Houston
Science and Research Bldg II
4800 Calhoun Rd.
Houston TX 77204
On Jul 14, 2004, at 12:15 PM, shashank Keshavmurthy wrote:
> Hi all!!
> Here I am again with one of my questions. It again is very simple and
> may be basic but I need to know...................
>
> My question is about artificially reared corals which may be available
> in large numbers in future for all our coral related research.
> Will they not be a kind of too ideal specimens for the experiments? I
> mean when we do our experiments with corals sampled form natural
> environments we have to remember that the coral not just have
> symbiosis with zooxanthellae but also with numerous other microscopic
> and macroscopic creatures which may be necessary for the normal coral
> behaviour and life.
> Now if one considers artificially reared corals, most of these
> associations are being phased out.
> Will it have an effect on our ultimate understanding on the coral
> behaviour as a result of coral interaction change?
> Because all our experiments is not just to crack disease and other
> problems but also to understand the coral ecology and biology so that
> we can try and make better place for their continuous survival.
>
> I hope Eric can answer my question. We had a nice discussion in
> Okinawa and also it he gave an interesting talk about aquarium corals
> and their possible use which is responsible for the genesis of this
> question.
>
> Cheers!!!
> shashank
>
>
>
>
>
>
> "the role of infinitely small in nature is infinitely large"-Louis
> Pasteur
>
> Keshavmurthy Shashank
> Kochi University, Faculty of Agriculture
> Lab. of AQUa. Environ. Sci. (LAQUES)
> Otsu 200, Monobe, Nankoku-shi
> 783-8502, Kochi, Japan
> alt. id: shashank at cc.kochi-u.ac.jp
> phone: 81 090 8285 9012
> _______________________________________________
> Coral-List mailing list
> Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
>
>
------------------------------
Message: 3
Date: Thu, 15 Jul 2004 15:03:44 +0800
From: Jane Fromont <Jane.Fromont at museum.wa.gov.au>
Subject: [Coral-List] RE: sponge leeward/windward inquiry
To: "'coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov'"
<coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-ID:
<D2EE7D5AF8AB8D48AC6D619C0397DD1769E28E at perexch02.dca.wa.gov.au>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Hello Catherine, There is a sponge list, much like this coral list, with
most of the world's sponge workers associated with it. If you have sponge
queries (as below) you should try sending the query to them.
Sponge biology and chemistry list [PORIFERA at JISCMAIL.AC.UK]
L-Soft list server at JISCMAIL (1.8e) [LISTSERV at JISCMAIL.AC.UK]
Regards, Jane
Dr Jane Fromont
Curator of Marine Invertebrates
Department of Aquatic Zoology
Western Australian Museum
Francis Street
Perth WA6000
Australia
Phone: (08) 94272 745
Fax: (08) 94272 882
Web: www.museum.wa.gov.au
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Mon, 05 Jul 2004 12:10:18 -0400 (EDT)
From: Catherine Desrosiers <catcat at TZoNE.ORG>
Subject: [Coral-List] Sponges-Leeward vs Windward and evoutionary
history of the Caribbean Sea
To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-ID: <1089043818.40e97d6a988e6 at www.TZoNE.ORG>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Dear Coral-Listers,
Is someone knowing about papers talking about differences in sponges
community
between the leeward and the windward area of a Caribbean island?
I would also like to better understand the evolutionary history of the
Caribbean Sea and why it is so rich in nutrients en sediments, in comparison
with the Pacific (Wilkinson and Cheshire explain it too briefly in 1990,
Comparison of sponges population across the Great Barrier reef of Australia
and Belize: evidence for higher productivity in the Caribbean).
Thanks,
Catherine Desrosiers
Marine Environment Observatory of Martinique
7 avenue Condorcet
97200 Fort de France
Martinique (French West Indies)
ommm at wanadoo.fr
catcat at tzone.org ---+--+--@
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