[Coral-List] Effects of seismic airguns on Acropora

[Jen Bachus]

I am working on a project where I am required to assess the potential 
effects of seismic airguns on several marine species, including coral - 
specifically Acropora palmata and A. cervicornis.  So far I have found 
only limited information addressing the effects of seismic airgun 
surveys on corals.  I'm interested in whether airgun pulses have the 
potential to affect Acropora.  If so, is information available 
indicating at what sound levels those effects would be expected?

Also, can anyone point me to similar information on the effects to coral 
from other types of underwater pulsed sound?  For example, use of 
underwater explosives - although seismic airgun pulses would have slower 
rise times and be less energetic, data on other types of pulsed sound 
and effects on coral would be informative.

Thanks.
Jen Bachus