[Coral-List] 3, Coral bleaching in American Samoa

Tim Wijgerde t.wijgerde at coralscience.org
Fri Apr 17 12:13:39 EDT 2009



Dear Jim,

I'm always sad to hear about coral bleaching. I think
it is not that surprising bleaching is a lot more prominent in coral
tissue regions exposed to ample insolation. Dan Tchernov and coworkers
showed in 2004 that radicals may flood the coral tissue after
thermally-induced membrane damage of thylakoid bodies in the chloroplasts
of zooxanthellae. Thus, at high temperatures, zooxanthellae are damaged,
and release a lot of radicals to the coral tissue when exposed to light.
This may induce the apoptosis, autophagy and expulsion of zooxanthellae,
as shown by e.g. Prof. Virginia Weis's group. 

Hope it
stabilizes,

best

tim



Op Vr,
17 april, 2009 18:00, schreef coral-list-request at coral.aoml.noaa.gov:
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> Today's Topics:
> 
>    1. [Fwd: Climate science
research opportunites -	Pacificregion]
>       (Mark Eakin)
>    2. EPA requests comments on proposal to address Ocean
> 
     Acidification under Clean Water Act (Mark Eakin)
>    3.
Coral Bleaching in American Samoa (Jim Hendee)
>    4. Re: Coral
Bleaching in American Samoa (Mark Eakin)
>    5. The global
warming campaign (Tom Lo)
> 
> 
>
----------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> Message: 1
> Date: Thu, 16 Apr 2009 12:50:10
-0400
> From: Mark Eakin <Mark.Eakin at noaa.gov>
>
Subject: [Coral-List] [Fwd: Climate science research opportunites -
> 	Pacificregion]
> To: Coral Listserver Listserver
<coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
> Message-ID:
<080A3B33-5491-46E6-BF38-CC0487D2B018 at noaa.gov>
>
Content-Type: text/plain;	charset=US-ASCII;	format=flowed;	delsp=yes
> 
> While this job opportunity is mostly for climate
scientists, it does
> include jobs in the area of Ocean Processes
including sea level rise
> and ocean acidification.
> 
> Begin forwarded message:
>>
>>
>>> ---------------------------- Original Message
>>> ----------------------------
>>> Subject:
Climate science research opportunites - Pacific region
>>>
From:    Penny.Whetton at csiro.au
>>> Date:    Wed, April 8,
2009 5:08 am
>>>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>
>>> Dear All,
>>> Australia has
just announced a new $20m Pacific Climate Change
>>> Science
Program (PCCSP). Numerous career opportunities for research
>>> scientists and others have become available. Further
details are
>>> provided at web address below. It would be
appreciated if you could
>>> distribute this announcement to
any colleagues who may find this of
>>> interest.
>>>
>>> Applications should be made online at
>>> http://www.cawcr.gov.au/jobs/PCCSP.php
>>>
http://www.cawcr.gov.au/jobs/PCCSP.php
>>>
>>>
Applications close May 1 for research positions and April 24 for
>>> non-research positions. Applications should address the
selection
>>> criteria.
>>> Thanks very
much.
>>> Regards,
>>> Penny
>>>
Dr Penny Whetton
>>> Leader, Climate Change Research
Group
>>> Centre for Australian Weather and Climate
Research:
>>> A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of
Meteorology
>>>
>>> Ph: +61-3-9239 4535 Fax:
+61-3-9239 4444
>>> Email: penny.whetton at csiro.au
>>> Web: http://www.cmar.csiro.au/
>>>
http://www.cmar.csiro.au/
>>> Mail address: Private Bag No.
1, Aspendale
>>>
>>> VIC
>>>
>>> 3195,
>>> Australia
>>>
> 
>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> C. Mark Eakin, Ph.D.
> Coordinator, NOAA Coral Reef
Watch
> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
>
Center for Satellite Applications and Research
> Satellite
Oceanography & Climate Division
> e-mail:
mark.eakin at noaa.gov
> url: coralreefwatch.noaa.gov
> 
> E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308
> 1335 East West Hwy
>
Silver Spring, MD 20910-3226
> 301-713-2857 x109                  
Fax: 301-713-3136
> 
> "Together, we must confront
climate change by ending the world's
> dependence on fossil fuels,
by tapping the power of new sources of
> energy like the wind and
sun, and calling upon all nations to do their
> part. And I pledge
to you that in this global effort, the United
> States is now
ready to lead."
> Barack Obama, Apr. 5 2009
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 2
> Date: Thu, 16 Apr 2009 14:12:38 -0400
> From: Mark Eakin <Mark.Eakin at noaa.gov>
> Subject:
[Coral-List] EPA requests comments on proposal to address
> 	Ocean
Acidification under Clean Water Act
> To: Coral Listserver
Listserver <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
> Message-ID:
<A66B6C16-6601-43EF-8D9B-EA277FDD4EC2 at noaa.gov>
>
Content-Type: text/plain;	charset=US-ASCII;	format=flowed;	delsp=yes
> 
> This Notice of data availability (NODA)  provides
interested parties
> with information submitted to EPA on ocean
acidification and solicits
> additional pertinent data or
information that may be useful in
> addressing this issue. In
addition, EPA is notifying the public of its
> intent to review
the current aquatic life criterion for marine pH to
> determine if
a revision is warranted to protect the marine designated
> uses of
States and Territories pursuant to Section 304(a)(1) of the
>
Clean Water Act. The NODA also solicits additional scientific
>
information and data, as well as ideas for effective strategies for
> Federal, State, and local officials to address the impacts of
ocean
> acidification. This information can then be used as the
basis for a
> broader discussion of ocean acidification and marine
impacts. EPA also
> requests information pertaining to monitoring
marine pH and
> implementation of pH water quality standards.
> 
> See
http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WATER/2009/April/Day-15/w8638.pdf
> for details.
> 
> 
>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> C. Mark Eakin, Ph.D.
> Coordinator, NOAA Coral Reef
Watch
> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
>
Center for Satellite Applications and Research
> Satellite
Oceanography & Climate Division
> e-mail:
mark.eakin at noaa.gov
> url: coralreefwatch.noaa.gov
> 
> E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308
> 1335 East West Hwy
>
Silver Spring, MD 20910-3226
> 301-713-2857 x109                  
Fax: 301-713-3136
> 
> "Few challenges facing
America, and the world, are more urgent than
> combating climate
change. The science is beyond dispute, and the facts
> are
clear..."
> Barack Obama, Nov. 18 2008
> 
>

> 
> ------------------------------
> 
>
Message: 3
> Date: Fri, 17 Apr 2009 09:11:20 -0400
> From:
Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov>
> Subject: [Coral-List]
Coral Bleaching in American Samoa
> To:
coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Message-ID:
<49E87FF8.6030306 at noaa.gov>
> Content-Type: text/plain;
charset=iso-8859-1
> 
> Greetings,
> 
>   
 We have a report from Doug Fenner in American Samoa of a possibly
> isolated incidence of bleaching "way above background"
levels on the
> slope at Aunu'u.  Almost all of /Montastrea curta/
were bleached
> (apparently the usual first species to bleach);
other species have
> bleached also, but to a lesser extent.
> 
>     Our ecological forecasts ("ecoforecasts")
for bleaching at this
> site, taking into account "virtual
station" data from integrated
> satellite data products
(satellite wind and SST; [buoy data are
> currently offline]),
indicate high sea temperatures over 30 (up to 31.6)
> and low
winds during March 14-16.  (Note that these temperatures have
>
not been ground-truthed/validated in the field.)  Bleaching was noted
to
> occur on the tops, more than the sides, thus indicating a
possible role
> of light in the bleaching response.  Data and
ecoforecasts for this site
> can be seen here (note tab-links near
top of page):
> 
>    
http://ecoforecast.coral.noaa.gov/index/0/SAST1/station-home
> 
> ....and of course for other sites (see list by clicking on the
"sites"
> link near the top).
> 
>    
If you have any qualitative bleaching observations in American Samoa
> (or anywhere, for that matter!), please advise so that we can
fine-tune
> our ecoforecasting capabilities in the region.
> 
>     Thanks!
> 
>     Cheers,
>  
  Jim
> 
> 
> 
>
------------------------------
> 
> Message: 4
>
Date: Fri, 17 Apr 2009 11:46:59 -0400
> From: Mark Eakin
<Mark.Eakin at noaa.gov>
> Subject: Re: [Coral-List] Coral
Bleaching in American Samoa
> To: Coral Listserver Listserver
<coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
> Message-ID:
<A3DA8F6E-2A4E-473E-9142-FF48DC88280E at noaa.gov>
>
Content-Type: text/plain;	charset=US-ASCII;	format=flowed;	delsp=yes
> 
> Thanks for bringing this to folks attention, Jim.
> 
> To expand on Jim's request, our Coral Reef Watch
products are
> currently listing alerts for the following stations
in that area:
> 
>   Pacific Ocean:
> ** Central
Pacific
>    == Samoa and Fiji
>          -- American
Samoa-Ofu                   (-) No Stress (just
> dropped from a
Bleaching Watch)
>          -- Rose Atoll, American Samoa     
Bleaching Watch
>          -- Kambara, Fiji                       
         (-) No
> Stress (just dropped from a Bleaching Watch)
>          --
Vanua, Fiji                                     
(-) No
> Stress (just dropped from a Bleaching Watch)
>   
      -- Fiji-Bequa                                       Bleaching
> Watch
>          -- Raratonga, Cook Islands            
Bleaching Watch
>          -- Niue                                
                (-)
> No Stress (just dropped from a Bleaching
Watch)
> 
>          -- Efate,
Vanuatu               
               (-) No Stress
> (was recently at Alert Level 1)
>          -- Amedee, New Caledonia            (-) No Stress (was
> recently at Alert Level 2)
>          -- Arnavon, Solomon
Islands            Bleaching Watch
> 
> This area has been
undergoing warming as part of a large region of
> high SSTs
stretching from Papua, New Guinea to south of Raratonga.
> Based
on our seasonal bleaching outlook product, we expect to see this
>
stress diminish over the next few weeks.  However, since many of these
> reefs have been under thermal stress since February, some
bleaching
> should be evident in the region.
> 
>
Our seasonal bleaching outlooks can be found at:
>
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/bleachingoutlook/index.html
> 
> Current HotSpot and Degree Heating Week charts and data
formatted for
> 
> HDF and Google Earth can be found
at:
> http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/index.html
> 
> Time series graphics for index sites can be found at:
>
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/sst_series_24reefs.html
> and
>
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/experimental_products.html
> 
> You can sign up for automated bleaching alerts at:
> http://coralreefwatch-satops.noaa.gov/SBA.html
> 
>
Please report bleaching events (or non-events) at:
>
http://www.reefbase.org/contribute/bleachingreport.aspx
> 
> Cheers,
> Mark
> 
> 
> On Apr 17,
2009, at 9:11 AM, Jim Hendee wrote:
> 
>> Greetings,
>>
>>    We have a report from Doug Fenner in American
Samoa of a possibly
>> isolated incidence of bleaching
"way above background" levels on the
>> slope at
Aunu'u.  Almost all of /Montastrea curta/ were bleached
>>
(apparently the usual first species to bleach); other species have
>> bleached also, but to a lesser extent.
>>
>>    Our ecological forecasts ("ecoforecasts") for
bleaching at this
>> site, taking into account "virtual
station" data from integrated
>> satellite data products
(satellite wind and SST; [buoy data are
>> currently offline]),
indicate high sea temperatures over 30 (up to
>> 31.6)
>> and low winds during March 14-16.  (Note that these
temperatures have
>> not been ground-truthed/validated in the
field.)  Bleaching was
>> noted to
>> occur on the
tops, more than the sides, thus indicating a possible
>>
role
>> of light in the bleaching response.  Data and
ecoforecasts for this
>> site
>> can be seen here
(note tab-links near top of page):
>>
>>   
http://ecoforecast.coral.noaa.gov/index/0/SAST1/station-home
>>
>> ....and of course for other sites (see list by
clicking on the "sites"
>> link near the top).
>>
>>    If you have any qualitative bleaching
observations in American
>> Samoa
>> (or anywhere,
for that matter!), please advise so that we can fine-
>>
tune
>> our ecoforecasting capabilities in the region.
>>
>>    Thanks!
>>
>>   
Cheers,
>>    Jim
>>
>>
_______________________________________________
>> Coral-List
mailing list
>> Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>>
http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
> 
>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> C. Mark Eakin, Ph.D.
> Coordinator, NOAA Coral Reef
Watch
> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
>
Center for Satellite Applications and Research
> Satellite
Oceanography & Climate Division
> e-mail:
mark.eakin at noaa.gov
> url: coralreefwatch.noaa.gov
> 
> E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308
> 1335 East West Hwy
>
Silver Spring, MD 20910-3226
> 301-713-2857 x109                  
Fax: 301-713-3136
> 
> "Few challenges facing
America, and the world, are more urgent than
> combating climate
change. The science is beyond dispute, and the facts
> are
clear..."
> Barack Obama, Nov. 18 2008
> 
>

> 
> ------------------------------
> 
>
Message: 5
> Date: Fri, 17 Apr 2009 08:43:20 -0500
> From:
Tom Lo <tolope at gmail.com>
> Subject: [Coral-List] The global
warming campaign
> To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>
Message-ID:
>
	<b5c609e40904170643p563d3f57g96984d9d5e985581 at mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
> 
> 
History has taught us that there is not undeniable ideas-theories, and
> that
> we, especially scientists, should be able to
consider other supported
> interpretations as valuable information
(even if today we don't agree
> them).
> Continuous
information is and should be acquired and considered on the
>
global warming issue, enabling actualized analyses and adaptive
management
> practices (which are being currently designed and
implemented in many
> countries); there is and will be the
necessity of our work!!
> 
> However, could it be that
some people take the AGW situation as a
> political,
>
economical, or even religious, campaign? Remembering an issue in
relation
> with this: what happened at the end with the widely
publicized growing
> ozone
> layer hole? It did stopped
growing after the CFC's laws modification or
> the
>
Montreal Protocol? (I don't really know, but suppose some of you
clearly
> do). The important thing is that actions are to be taken
when a threat is
> detected, but let's not get blind or easily
manipulated, thinking on
> undeniable ideas about this
transcendental subject...
> 
> Predictions are a very
difficult and controversial subject; even the
> current
>
meteorologists fail predicting a rainy-sunny day...
> Apologies to
bring up this controversial issue again, with information
>
that
> may be already post on the list.
> 
>
Saludos! and have a good day.
> 
> 
>
------------------------------
> 
>
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> Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>
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> 
> End of Coral-List Digest, Vol 8, Issue 14
>
*****************************************
> 


Tim
Wijgerde, M.Sc.
CEO Coral Publications
www.coralscience.org
www.koraalwetenschap.nl
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