[Coral-List] Bleaching refuges

Thu Mar 31 20:07:10 EDT 2016

Unfortunately, the calcification process actually releases CO2 into the
water, even though C is put into the skeleton (in the form of carbonate, CO3).
It is counter intuitive.

Cheers,  Doug

WARE, J. R., S. V. SMITH, AND M. L. REAKA-KUDLA. 1992. Coral reefs: Sources
or sinks of atmospheric CO,? Coral Reefs 11: 127-130.

Frankignoulle, M., Canon, C., Gattuso, J-P. 1994.  Marine calcification as
a source of carbon dioxide: Positive feedback of increasing atmospheric CO2.
Limnol. Oceanogr. 39: 458-462.

On Thu, Mar 31, 2016 at 12:01 PM, Damien Beri <beridl at g.cofc.edu> wrote:

> Carbon credits
>
> As insidious as it is to sell the ability to pollute, cooperations that
> want to "reduce their carbon footprint" buy carbon credits. Immediate
> relief exceeds the long term problem in my opinion... for now.  Since
> scleractinians sequester CO2 they act as green house gas
> sinks/reservoirs/banks/investments and essentially are a continuous carbon
> credit principle.
>
> If cloud seeding, or tarping the surface of the water saves X amount of
> corals, which go on to sequester Y amount more carbon then this is worth
> real money world wide.  So technically if a company saves coral, then they
> are sequestering CO2 and if they are sequestering CO2 then they are
> creating carbon credits, and if they are creating carbon credits they are
> making money... Which is what everyone cares about anyways, money. We care
> about these corals and so its symbiotic, both parties benefit.
>
> Sent from my iPhone
>
> Sent from my iPhone
>
> On Mar 31, 2016, at 5:58 PM, Douglas Fenner <douglasfennertassi at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
> In the U.S., there is a national law called the "Clean Water Act."  I
> believe the U.S. federal government Environmental Protection Agency is
> designated to enforce it.  Some states may have similar state laws and
> agencies.  I am not familiar enough with any of these to say whether they
> would cover this sort of thing, but they might.
>     Cheers,  Doug
>
> On Thu, Mar 31, 2016 at 10:38 AM, Pedro M Alcolado <gmalcolado at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
>> Funding should come from  environmental agencies in charge of
>> controlling land based pollution from rivers close to coral reefs.
>> Indeed it is quite difficult to be achieved  being it a very expensive
>> and complex intervention. I think it is worth  to try to demand
>> cleaning or improving pollution control of such polluted rivers by
>> local or national relevant stakeholders and governmental instances in
>> charge. Do you have any other idea about achieving it in some degree?
>> There are many examples of rivers where  luxuriant coral reefs thrived
>> very close to their mouth in the past.
>> Pedro
>>
>> On 3/30/16, Damien Beri <beridl at g.cofc.edu> wrote:
>> > I agree, where would funding come from?
>> >
>> > Sent from my iPhone
>> >
>> >> On Mar 29, 2016, at 4:03 PM, Douglas Fenner <
>> douglasfennertassi at gmail.com>
>> >> wrote:
>> >>
>> >> Paul,
>> >>    Well said, thank you very much for this idea.  I think this idea is
>> a
>> >> good one, and well worth trying.  We don't seem to have any other
>> options
>> >> at this point, and it could well work.     Cheers, Doug
>> >>
>> >>> On Mon, Mar 28, 2016 at 12:40 PM, Paul Muir <paul.muir at qm.qld.gov.au>
>> >>> wrote:
>> >>>
>> >>> I proposed this idea many years ago (~2005!) on coral list and am
>> >>> wondering if anyone ever tried anything like this? Given the current
>> >>> bleaching on the northern GBR and likelihood of other areas being hit
>> >>> soon
>> >>> perhaps it's worth someone doing a trial? Desperate times..
>> >>>
>> >>> Severe coral bleaching events can cause very high levels of coral
>> >>> morality
>> >>> and the recovery of reefs following such events can be very slow. For
>> >>> example, recovery of corals in the Seychelles Islands following the
>> >>> severe
>> >>> 1998 bleaching event was extremely slow and regional extinction of
>> some
>> >>> species a possibility. Localised extinctions and slow recovery could
>> be
>> >>> mitigated if small areas of reef were protected during bleaching
>> events:
>> >>> corals have extremely high  fecundity and only a few healthy
>> individuals
>> >>> of
>> >>> each species would needed to accelerate recovery. Field observations
>> and
>> >>> studies of the physiology of coral bleaching suggest that shading
>> corals
>> >>> during a high temperature event can reduce mortality rates. Small
>> areas
>> >>> of
>> >>> reef (to 10,000m2 area) could be provided with moderate shading by the
>> >>> use
>> >>> of floating covers similar to those used in farm dams and industrial
>> >>> ponds.
>> >>> Such covers are light, float upon the water surface and could be
>> rapidly
>> >>> deployed from a small boat during a high-temperature event. The covers
>> >>> would be held in place with small anchors and inflatable seams would
>> >>> provide a flexible, semi-rigid structure that would resist small waves
>> >>> and
>> >>> swells at a protected site. High temperature bleaching events
>> typically
>> >>> occur during very flat, calm conditions over just a few weeks which
>> >>> makes
>> >>> deploying floating covers such as this feasible. Real-time monitoring
>> of
>> >>> the development of bleaching conditions and small-scale engineering
>> >>> solutions may become increasingly important for the preservation of
>> >>> thermally sensitive species at local scales.
>> >>>
>> >>> I can supply some ideas for a test-scale floating cover on request.
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>> Dr. Paul Muir
>> >>> Research Officer/ Collection Manager Corals, Biodiversity &
>> >>> Geosciences Program
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>> Museum of Tropical Queensland | Queensland Museum
>> >>> 70 - 102 Flinders Street | Townsville | Queensland 4810 | Australia
>> >>> t +61 7 47 260 642 | f +61 7 47 212 093 | m +61 407 117 998 |
>> >>> www.qm.qld.gov.au
>> >>>
>> >>> Affiliate, Global Change Institute, University of Queensland
>> >>> ResearchGate | Google Scholar | Staghorn Corals Website
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
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>> >>
>> >>
>> >> --
>> >> Douglas Fenner
>> >> Consultant, corals, coral reefs, coral identification
>> >> "have regulator, will travel"
>> >> PO Box 7390
>> >> Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799  USA
>> >>
>> >> phone 1 684 622-7084
>> >>
>> >> Join the International Society for Reef Studies.  Membership includes a
>> >> subscription to the journal Coral Reefs, and there are discounts for
>> pdf
>> >> subscriptions and developing countries.  Check it out!
>> www.fit.edu/isrs/
>> >>
>> >> "Belief in climate change is optional, participation is not."- Jim
>> >> Beever.
>> >>  "Everyone is entitled to their own opinion, but not to their own
>> >> facts."-
>> >> Daniel Patrick Moynihan.
>> >>
>> >> Record shattering February warmth bakes Alaska, Arctic 18oF
>> >>
>> >>
>> http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2016/03/13/3759569/record-february-warmth-alaska-arctic/
>> >>
>> >> Sea level is now rising at the fastest rate in 3,000 years.
>> >>
>> http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/02/sea-levels-are-rising-their-fastest-rate-2000-years?utm_campaign=email-news-latest&et_rid=17045989&et_cid=292592
>> >>
>> http://mashable.com/2016/02/22/manmade-sea-level-rise-flooding/#fscPLGedCiqz
>> >>
>> >> Miami is flooding: "The Siege of Miami, as temperatures rise, so will
>> sea
>> >> levels."  Sea level rising an inch a year there.
>> >> http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/12/21/the-siege-of-miami
>> >>
>> >> website:  http://independent.academia.edu/DouglasFenner
>> >>
>> >> blog: http://ocean.si.edu/blog/reefs-american-samoa-story-hope
>> >> _______________________________________________
>> >> Coral-List mailing list
>> >> Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>> >> http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > Coral-List mailing list
>> > Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>> > http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
>> >
>>
>
>
>
> --
> Douglas Fenner
> Consultant, corals, coral reefs, coral identification
> "have regulator, will travel"
> PO Box 7390
> Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799  USA
>
> phone 1 684 622-7084
>
> Join the International Society for Reef Studies.  Membership includes a
> subscription to the journal Coral Reefs, and there are discounts for pdf
> subscriptions and developing countries.  Check it out!  www.fit.edu/isrs/
>
> "Belief in climate change is optional, participation is not."- Jim Beever.
>   "Everyone is entitled to their own opinion, but not to their own facts."-
> Daniel Patrick Moynihan.
>
> Solar can power more than 100 times America's current electricity needs, a
> new report finds
>
>
> http://www.theclimategroup.org/what-we-do/news-and-blogs/solar-can-power-more-than-100-times-americas-current-electricity-needs-new-report-finds
>
> Record shattering February warmth bakes Alaska, Arctic 18oF
>
>
> http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2016/03/13/3759569/record-february-warmth-alaska-arctic/
>
> Sea level is now rising at the fastest rate in 3,000 years.
>
> http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/02/sea-levels-are-rising-their-fastest-rate-2000-years?utm_campaign=email-news-latest&et_rid=17045989&et_cid=292592
>
> http://mashable.com/2016/02/22/manmade-sea-level-rise-flooding/#fscPLGedCiqz
>
> website:  http://independent.academia.edu/DouglasFenner
>
> blog: http://ocean.si.edu/blog/reefs-american-samoa-story-hope
>
>

-- 
Douglas Fenner
Consultant, corals, coral reefs, coral identification
"have regulator, will travel"
PO Box 7390
Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799  USA

phone 1 684 622-7084

Join the International Society for Reef Studies.  Membership includes a
subscription to the journal Coral Reefs, and there are discounts for pdf
subscriptions and developing countries.  Check it out!  www.fit.edu/isrs/

"Belief in climate change is optional, participation is not."- Jim Beever.
  "Everyone is entitled to their own opinion, but not to their own facts."-
Daniel Patrick Moynihan.

Solar can power more than 100 times America's current electricity needs, a
new report finds

http://www.theclimategroup.org/what-we-do/news-and-blogs/solar-can-power-more-than-100-times-americas-current-electricity-needs-new-report-finds

Record shattering February warmth bakes Alaska, Arctic 18oF

http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2016/03/13/3759569/record-february-warmth-alaska-arctic/

Sea level is now rising at the fastest rate in 3,000 years.
http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/02/sea-levels-are-rising-their-fastest-rate-2000-years?utm_campaign=email-news-latest&et_rid=17045989&et_cid=292592
http://mashable.com/2016/02/22/manmade-sea-level-rise-flooding/#fscPLGedCiqz

website:  http://independent.academia.edu/DouglasFenner

blog: http://ocean.si.edu/blog/reefs-american-samoa-story-hope