From osha at pobox.com Thu Jul 1 07:14:27 1999 From: osha at pobox.com (Osha Gray Davidson) Date: Thu, 01 Jul 1999 06:14:27 -0500 Subject: NOAA funding Message-ID: <4.1.19990701055808.00999c10@mail> Dear Listers-- The US Congress is now considering funding bills for NOAA. For those interested in the funding of NOAA's coral reef (and National Marine Sanctuary) programs, here are a couple of URLs. The first is on NOAA's site and has yesterday's testimony (June 30) by Sally Yozell, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere, before the Subcommittee on Oceans and Fisheries, Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, US Sentate: http://www.legislative.noaa.gov/yozcoraltst0630.htm The second site is hosted by the Senate committee and includes links to the testimonies of a few of those who testified on this topic yesterday. http://www.senate.gov/~commerce/hearings/hearings.htm The complete panel included: Ms. C. Renee Cooper, Executive Director, Caribbean Marine Research Center Dr. Cynthia Hunter, Curator, Waikiki Aquarium Dr. Phillip Dustan, Science Advisor, the Cousteau Society Mr. Michael Collins, Fishing guide, Islamorada, Florida Dr. Michael Connor, Vice President for Programs and Exhibits, New England Aquarium, Central Wharf, Boston If anyone has information on how these important bills are faring, could you please share that information with the list? Thanks. Cheers, Osha Osha Gray Davidson 14 S. Governor St. Iowa City, IA 52240 Phone: 319-338-4778 http://members.home.net/oshad/books.htm From JandL at rivnet.net Thu Jul 1 09:31:37 1999 From: JandL at rivnet.net (Judith Lang & Lynton Land) Date: Thu, 01 Jul 1999 09:31:37 -0400 Subject: NOAA Funding Message-ID: Dear US-based Listers, Osha Davidson asked for information on how the NOAA funding bills are faring. I can't address that question, but here are some specifics about S. 1253, courtesy of Dave Raney (d_raney at aloha.net, head of the Sierra Club's Coral Reef Working Group, and the Pacific Non-Government Organization Representative to the US Coral Reef Task Force): According to Senator Inouye's office, the hearing record for the Subcommittee will be held open for about another week from today to receive additional written testimony. THAT MEANS THERE IS STILL TIME TO CONTRIBUTE A LETTER IN SUPPORT OF CORAL REEF LEGISLATION! The members of the Senate Subcommittee on Oceans and Fisheries are: Sen. Olympia Snowe (R-ME), Chair Sen. John Kerry (D-MA), Ranking Minority Member Sen. Ted Stevens (R-AK) Sen. Daniel Inouye (D-HI) Sen. Slade Gorton (R-WA) Sen. John Breaux (D-LA) Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison (R-TX) S.1253 was co-sponsored by Subcommittee members, Inouye, Kerry, and Breaux (also by Akaka, Boxer, Hollings, and Feinstein, who are not on the Subcommittee). A briefing sheet on S.1253, provided by Senator Inouye's office: ---------- Summary of Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999 Background: Coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems contain some of the planet's richest biological diversity, habitats, and systems supporting thousands of fish, invertebrates, reef algae, plankton, sea grasses, and other species. Coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems also have great commercial, recreational, cultural, and esthetic value to human communities as shoreline protection, areas of natural beauty, and sources of food, pharmaceuticals, jobs, and revenues through a wide variety of activities including education, research, tourism, and fishing. Despite this importance, little is currently known about the condition of coral reefs and studies indicate that coral reefs continue to be degraded and severely threatened by human and environmental impacts including land-based pollution, overfishing, destructive fishing practices, vessel groundings, and climate change. Purpose: The Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999 would authorize appropriations totaling $100 million over a period of five years to preserve, sustain, and restore the health of U.S. coral reef ecosystems and assist in the conservation and protection of coral reefs by supporting conservation programs. Additionally, this legislation would leverage the federal dollars appropriated for these purposes by establishing a formal mechanism for collecting and allocating matching monetary donations from the private sector to be used for coral reef conservation projects. This authorization would support the President's Lands Legacy Initiative; the Coral Reef Task Force, established last year by Presidential Executive Order; the United States Coral Reef Initiative; and other ongoing efforts to ensure the long-term health and sustainability of coral reef ecosystems. Grants: The Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999 would authorize $15 million per year in grants to support coral reef and coral reef ecosystem conservation and restoration projects. Any relevant State or territorial natural resource management authority or other government authority with jurisdiction over coral reefs or coral reef ecosystems, or educational or non-governmental institutions with demonstrated expertise in the conservation of coral reefs would be eligible to apply for these grants, which would be administered by the Secretary of Commerce. Except for projects costing less than $25,000, or specific exemptions granted by the Secretary, these grants would be subject to a 25% non-federal matching requirement. Coral Reef Conservation Fund: The Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999 would authorize the Secretary to enter into an agreement to authorize a foundation to solicit, receive, hold, and administer gifts an donations received to further the purposes of this Act. These funds could be combined with the federal grant funds in support of coral reef conservation and restoration projects. National Program: The Coral Reef Protection Act of 1999 would authorize $5 million per year to directly support federal conservation and restoration efforts. It would also authorize the Secretary to enter into joint projects with any Federal, State, territorial, or local authority, or provide financial assistance to any person for coral reef conservation and restoration projects. Judy Lang JandL at rivnet.net From aszmant at rsmas.miami.edu Thu Jul 1 10:05:27 1999 From: aszmant at rsmas.miami.edu (Alina Szmant) Date: Thu, 01 Jul 1999 10:05:27 -0400 Subject: Change of Address Message-ID: <3.0.32.19990701100527.0071700c@mail.rsmas.miami.edu> As of mid-July I will be moving to the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. Please note the new contact information in the second half of my signature below. Please use the UNCW address for all correspondence to me regarding my editorship of Coral Reefs (new manuscripts, revised ones, reviews, etc). Many thanks, Alina Szmant ******************************************************************* PRESENT ADDRESS: Dr. Alina M. Szmant Coral Reef Research Group Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy Miami FL 33149 tel: (305)361-4609 fax: (305)361-4600 email: aszmant at rsmas.miami.edu AFTER JULY 15th, 1999: Department of Biology University of North Carolina at Wilmington 601 South College Road Wilmington NC 28403 tel: (910)962-3487 fax: (910)962-4066 email: szmanta at uncwil.edu ****************************************************************** From aszmant at rsmas.miami.edu Thu Jul 1 12:21:57 1999 From: aszmant at rsmas.miami.edu (Alina Szmant) Date: Thu, 01 Jul 1999 12:21:57 -0400 Subject: Special Issue of Coral Reefs Message-ID: <3.0.32.19990701122157.0068e178@mail.rsmas.miami.edu> A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: not available Type: text/enriched Size: 4218 bytes Desc: not available Url : http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/19990701/2adea3a0/attachment.bin From Ben.Haskell at noaa.gov Thu Jul 1 13:50:40 1999 From: Ben.Haskell at noaa.gov (Ben Haskell) Date: Thu, 01 Jul 1999 13:50:40 -0400 Subject: 1998 Zone Performance Review Message-ID: <199907011832.SAA24322@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Greetings- My apologizes to all those people who requested a copy of our 1998 Zone Performance Review and never received one but I was overwhelmed with the response and decided to wait until we could post it on the World Wide Web. It can now be viewed or downloaded at http://fpac.fsu.edu/tortugas. If for some reason you cannot download it then send me an email and I will send it to you via snail mail. Enjoy, Ben Haskell Science Coordinator NOAA/FKNMS From jware at erols.com Fri Jul 2 08:23:28 1999 From: jware at erols.com (John Ware) Date: Fri, 02 Jul 1999 08:23:28 -0400 Subject: Dominica lab Message-ID: <377CAF40.53011C2D@erols.com> I remember that about a year or so ago, someone whose name I have lost and forgotten was planning a marine lab on Dominica that should have been opened this summer. Does anyone have information about this lab? Did it open? Who is point of contact?? Thanks, John -- ************************************************************* * * * John R. Ware, PhD * * President * * SeaServices, Inc. * * 19572 Club House Road * * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * * 301 987-8507 * * jware at erols.com * * fax: 301 987-8531 * * _ * * | * * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * * _|_ * * | _ | * * _______________________________| |________ * * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * * |/\____________________________________________/ * ************************************************************** From Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov Fri Jul 2 10:59:55 1999 From: Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov (Jim Hendee) Date: Fri, 2 Jul 1999 10:59:55 -0400 (EDT) Subject: Dominica lab In-Reply-To: <377CAF40.53011C2D@erols.com> Message-ID: >From the new coral-list Welcome Message (not posted on the CHAMP Home Page): "6) Archives Archives of all previous coral-list messages can be found at this Web Page: http://www.coral.aoml.noaa.gov/lists/list-archives.html Please review these messages on topics that may have already been discussed in detail before you post new messages on the same topic." Cheers, Jim On Fri, 2 Jul 1999, John Ware wrote: > I remember that about a year or so ago, someone whose name I have lost > and forgotten was planning a marine lab on Dominica that should have > been opened this summer. > > Does anyone have information about this lab? Did it open? Who is point > of contact?? > > Thanks, > > John > -- > ************************************************************* > * * > * John R. Ware, PhD * > * President * > * SeaServices, Inc. * > * 19572 Club House Road * > * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * > * 301 987-8507 * > * jware at erols.com * > * fax: 301 987-8531 * > * _ * > * | * > * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * > * _|_ * > * | _ | * > * _______________________________| |________ * > * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * > * |/\____________________________________________/ * > ************************************************************** > From acmaea at together.net Sat Jul 3 08:35:40 1999 From: acmaea at together.net (Gustav W. Verderber) Date: Sat, 3 Jul 1999 08:35:40 -0400 Subject: Galapagos and the Florida Keys Message-ID: <005401bec550$91d0fa40$c03829cf@GustavW.Verderber> Natural History and Interpretive Photo Workshops There are still several spaces available for the October, 1999 Galapagos tour. The following programs are currently open for enrollment. Workshops and tours are led and organized by a nationally recognized naturalist and nature photographer and are sponsored by non-profit conservation and environmental research organizations. Please consider offering these affordable educational natural history experiences to students, faculty, staff and anyone interested in seeing and learning about the natural wonders of Earth. Workshops are principally field oriented and focus on the natural history, ecology, conservation, ethnobotany, archeology, geology, and culture of the region. Naturalist guides are local experts. Proceeds support conservation and environmental education projects. Interpretive Photo Workshops allow aspiring nature photographers to accompany a professional photographer with credits that include the cover of Natural History to photograph nature in some of the most splendid natural areas on Earth. Participants' photo work is critiqued before and after the workshop and participants continue corresponding with the tour leader to help them apply their photography in interpretive forums such as slide shows, local and regional publications. Undergraduate credits are available through Johnson State College for attending and further study in related areas (environmental science, biology, photography). Detailed itineraries are available at the web site indicated below. The Galapagos Islands Dates: October 4 - 17, 1999 Length: 13 days/14 nights Cost: $2,230.00 per person Host/Workshop Coordinator: Gustav W. Verderber Abstract: The nature of the Galapagos Islands including the famous tortoises and marine iguanas will be our focus. Also on the agenda are frigate birds, blue-footed boobies, penguins, finches, sea lions, giant cacti, and snorkeling over the coral gardens. During the second half of the trip we will visit the Jatun Sacha Field Research Facility at the headwaters of the Amazon River. Guided and solo day and night hikes will take us deep into the Amazon rainforest. The Subtropical Marine Ecology of the Florida Keys Dates: March 5-11, 2000 Length: 6 days/5 nights Cost: $459.00 per person Host/Workshop Coordinator: Gustav W. Verderber in association with the Pigeon Key Foundation Abstract: This natural history workshop will explore the coastal and shallow submarine ecosystems of the Florida Keys. We will be based at the Pigeon Key marine education facility on the tropical paradise of Pigeon Key. Barrier reef, mangrove, and terrestrial communities will be included as well as a snorkel trip to the outer reef. This workshop is an ideal introduction to tropical ecosystems and marine biology. With gratitude and respect, Gustav W. Verderber ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Environmental Interpretation Education * Natural History & Photo Tours * Photography * Writing 1999-2000 Tours: Acadia National Park/The Galapagos Islands/The Florida Keys http://www.together.net/~acmaea acmaea at together.net ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From arnfried.antonius at univie.ac.at Sat Jul 3 11:05:24 1999 From: arnfried.antonius at univie.ac.at (arnfried.antonius at univie.ac.at) Date: Sat, 3 Jul 1999 15:05:24 +0000 Subject: Dominica lab Message-ID: <199907031318.PAA48010@mailbox.univie.ac.at> Saludos Coraleros, answering an inquiry by Dr. John Ware, I would like to distribute to all of you name and address of the director of the new Institute for Tropical Marine Ecology (ITME) on Dominica: Dr. Sascha C.C. Steiner, ITME, Worcester, NY 12197-0430, USA Phone/Fax : (607) 397 9796 e-mail : web : http://www.ccpc.net/-sccs If you are looking for a terrific new marine lab in an unspoiled environment - this is it !! Cheers, Arnfried Antonius --------------------------------------------------------------- Dr. Arnfried J. ANTONIUS phone: 0043-1-31336-9734 Institute of Palaeontology fax: 0043-1-31336-784 University of Vienna Geozentrum Althanstr. 14 A-1090 WIEN e-mail: arnfried.antonius at univie.ac.at Austria From DeeVon at bellsouth.net Sat Jul 3 15:12:14 1999 From: DeeVon at bellsouth.net (DeeVon Quirolo) Date: Sat, 03 Jul 1999 15:12:14 -0400 Subject: Reef Awareness Week Message-ID: <199907041326.NAA34882@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Reef Awareness Week Reef Relief is hosting several interesting events that may interest coral reef scientists and researchers as part of our annual celebration of the coral reef of the Florida Keys, Reef Awareness Week. This year's theme is Water Resources Partners....we all live downstream and a full week of events are planned for July 25-August 1, 1999. Reef Health: Measures of Change is the topic of the Scientific Panel Discussion led by Reef Relief scientific advisors Dr. Brian Lapointe, Dr. Bill Alevizon, Dr. James Porter, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Restoration Biologist Harold Hudson and Reef Relief Director of Marine Projects Craig Quirolo. The audience will have an opportunity to participate. Join us from 6-8:30 p.m. at the Hilton Resort & Marina, Sunrise Room, 245 Front Street, Key West. The event will be followed by a moonlight sail aboard the Schooner Western Union, departing from the Historic Seaport at Key West Bight in Key West at 9 pm. Tickets are $25/per person. The Annual Reef Relief Membership Meeting will feature Dr. Brian Lapointe's President's Report, Craig Quirolo's annual State of the Reef Report, and Dr. Donald Burke of Advanced Cognitive Technologies, who will speak on Toward Zero Discharge. The event is Monday, July 26, at 6 pm at the Pier House Caribbean Spa, One Duval Street, Key West. Reef Relief members are admitted free; others may join at the door. Tax deductible annual dues are $20/year. Dr. Bill Alevizon will present a luncheon talk entitled Fish Feeding by Divers: Good for Business, Bad for Conservation at the Cheeca Lodge, Mile Marker 82.5, Islamorada, FL. on Tuesday, July 27, 1999 at 11:30 am. Luncheon reservations are $16 and reservations are recommended through Reef Relief. This event is co-sponsored by the Upper Keys Citizens Association. For a full schedule of events, check the Reef Awareness Week section on our website located at www.reefrelief.org or contact Reef Relief at reef at bellsouth.net. or (305) 294-3100. Reef Relief is a non-profit membership organization dedicated to protecting coral reefs through local, regional and international efforts with headquarters at the Reef Relief Environmental Center in Key West, Fl. ~~~~~~ DeeVon Quirolo, Project Director, REEF RELIEF From sromano at uog9.uog.edu Mon Jul 5 01:23:31 1999 From: sromano at uog9.uog.edu (Sandra L Romano) Date: Mon, 5 Jul 1999 15:23:31 +1000 (GMT+1000) Subject: live sex!!! Message-ID: Coral sex that is.... The corals started spawning in Guam last night and should continue for the next 4 nights. We will be broadcasting live on the web from about 8pm to midnight at http://live.guam.net. ======================================================================== | | | Sandra L. Romano, PhD | Email : sromano at uog9.uog.edu | | Research Associate | Voice : (671) 735-2176 | | Marine Laboratory | Fax | (671) 734-6767 | University of Guam | Coordinates: 13.5N , 144.7E | | UOG Station | Time : GMT+10 EST+15 | | Mangilao, Guam USA 96923 | ======================================================================== From aszmant at rsmas.miami.edu Mon Jul 5 18:20:44 1999 From: aszmant at rsmas.miami.edu (Alina Szmant) Date: Mon, 05 Jul 1999 18:20:44 -0400 Subject: Special Issue of Coral Reefs on Community Dynamics of Coral Reef Algae Message-ID: <3.0.32.19990705182043.00694e44@mail.rsmas.miami.edu> I have had several inquires as to the deadline for submission of manuscripts for this issue. The deadline for submissions is December 1, 1999. All manuscripts received by that date should be able to be reviewed and revised in time to meet the publisher's deadline for the special issue. Manuscripts received after that date will be processed as usual for the journal, and accepted into the special issue if time and space allow. I am enclosing the Call for Papers below for those who may have missed the first announcement. In addition to the two Guest Editors announced earlier, I am pleased to announce that Dr. Margaret W. Miller will also be a Guest Editor for the Special Issue. Her address is listed in the call for papers: ******************************************************************** Special Issue on COMMUNITY DYNAMICS OF CORAL REEF ALGAE The Editors of Coral Reefs invite submission of manuscripts on the processes underlying the dynamics of algae on coral reefs. It has long been recognized that productivity by benthic turfing and fleshy algae is essential to the ecology and trophodynamics of coral reefs, even though the biomass of these algae is often low. There has been a gradual broadening in our understanding of coral reef algal dynamics over the past thirty years: low algal biomass was initially attributed to the often low nutrient concentrations of tropical coral reef waters, the so-called 'paradox of the reef'. Subsequent research added the concept of 'nutrient regulation' of algal communities, and the focus shifted to identifying previously unrecognised nutrient sources, and to the role of nutrient recycling in sustaining high rates of algal production. More recent research recognized additionally the critical importance of high rates of herbivory in controlling algal communities and biomass, and in stimulating higher rates of algal production. Within the past decade or more, dramatic increases in algal abundance have been widely reported, particularly on Caribbean coral reefs, suggesting that major changes in coral reef ecosystem function have occurred. The purpose of this special issue is to bring together studies that can further our understanding of how natural processes (e.g. upwelling, herbivory, territoriality in damselfishes) and anthropogenic factors (e.g. nutrification, fishing) contribute to the dynamics of algal assemblages on coral reefs. Especially of interest are well-documented reports on the causes of algal blooms, the interplay between multiple factors affecting algal community structure and production, and coral-algal interactions. Reviews, case studies and reef sites will be selected based on the quality of the science and the new insight they bring to understanding relevant processes. The special issue (approximately 12-15 manuscripts) will be published in mid-2000. Prospective authors should first contact the Biological Editor, Alina M. Szmant by email (szmanta at uncwil.edu) or fax (1-910-962-4066). To ensure timely publication, manuscripts should be submitted as soon as possible to either Alina M. Szmant or one of the three Guest Editors (Laurence McCook, Robert C. Carpenter and Margaret W. Miller) for the Special Issue: Dr. Alina Szmant Department of Biology University of North Carolina Wilmington 601 S. College Rd Wilmington NC 28403 USA szmanta at uncwil.edu Dr. Laurence McCook Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB 3 Townsville MC, Qld, 4810, Australia. l.mccook at aims.gov.au Robert C. Carpenter Professor Department of Biology California State University Northridge, CA 91330-8303 (818) 677-3256 (818) 677-2034 FAX EMAIL- robert.carpenter at csun.edu Dr. Margaret W. Miller NMFS/SEFSC 75 Virginia Beach Dr. Miami, FL 33149 305-361-4561 305-361-4562 (FAX) margaret.w.miller at noaa.gov For further details on manuscript preparation please consult the Instructions for authors (see this issue or http://LINK.springer.de). *********************************************************************** ******************************************************************* PRESENT ADDRESS: Dr. Alina M. Szmant Coral Reef Research Group Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy Miami FL 33149 tel: (305)361-4609 fax: (305)361-4600 email: aszmant at rsmas.miami.edu AFTER JULY 15th, 1999: Department of Biology University of North Carolina at Wilmington 601 South College Road Wilmington NC 28403 tel: (910)962-3487 fax: (910)962-4066 email: szmanta at uncwil.edu ****************************************************************** From oveh at bio.usyd.edu.au Tue Jul 6 17:39:26 1999 From: oveh at bio.usyd.edu.au (Ove Hoegh-Guldberg) Date: Wed, 7 Jul 1999 07:39:26 +1000 Subject: Report on coral bleaching and climate change. Message-ID: <003d01bec7f8$06598720$d3b14e81@fungia.bio.usyd.edu.au> If you are interested in reading the report on coral bleaching and climate change, it can be found at the following site: http://www.reef.edu.au/stuff This study has been extensively reviewed by climatologists and biologists and has been accepted for publication in Marine and Freshwater Research in their 50th ann issue (out in Nov 99). Ove Hoegh-Guldberg Associate Professor School of Biological Sciences A08, University of Sydney Ph: +61-2-9351-2389 Fx: +61-2-9351-4119 Http: www.reef.edu.au/OHG/ For educational fun: www.reef.edu.au From gcarter at orf.org Wed Jul 7 09:53:28 1999 From: gcarter at orf.org (Greg L. Carter) Date: Wed, 07 Jul 1999 06:53:28 -0700 Subject: Computers for the field Message-ID: <37835BD8.F6D191DF@orf.org> Greetings coral-listers, There was some discussion a while back regarding laptop computers suitable for field use under harsh conditions. I have recently seen some ads for the Panasonic Toughbook series of laptops. These are shown in rain and other harsh conditions and are packaged in a magnesium case. I personally cannot attest for the durability or reliability of these computers but the retail price on the CF-27 was suggested to be $7500, and the CF-25 to be $3000. I have seen two of these computers advertised on the www.ebay.com auctions site, and have found several listed in closed auctions. I also did an internet search on "Panasonic Toughbook" and found several discount retailers. Also check out www.panasonic.com/toughbook. This is not intended to be an endorsement for the Panasonic computers or ebay.com. I too an looking for a computer that can survive the beach and salt spray while doing coral surveys and sea turtle work and thought I'd pass on my findings. Best regards, Greg -- "Mother, mother ocean I have heard your call, Wanted to sail upon your waters since I was three feet tall." Jimmy Buffet Greg L. Carter http://www.orf.org gcarter at orf.org Oceanic Resource Foundation From POHLE.DAVID at EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV Wed Jul 7 10:19:04 1999 From: POHLE.DAVID at EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV (DAVID POHLE) Date: Wed, 07 Jul 1999 10:19:04 -0400 Subject: Summary of Coral transplant Costs Message-ID: An embedded and charset-unspecified text was scrubbed... Name: not available Url: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/19990707/61212210/attachment.pl From JAMESBASS at prodigy.net Tue Jul 6 19:31:41 1999 From: JAMESBASS at prodigy.net (James Bass) Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 19:31:41 -0400 Subject: Dominica Lab Message-ID: <199907071556.PAA65605@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> I suspect you are probably referring to the Institute for Tropical Marine Ecology headed by Dr. Sascha Steiner. The (very comprehensive) webpage is: http://www.itme.org Jim __________________________________________________________________ John Ware wrote: > > I remember that about a year or so ago, someone whose name I have lost > and forgotten was planning a marine lab on Dominica that should have > been opened this summer. > > Does anyone have information about this lab? Did it open? Who is point > of contact?? > > Thanks, > > John > -- > ************************************************************* > * * > * John R. Ware, PhD * > * President * > * SeaServices, Inc. * > * 19572 Club House Road * > * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * > * 301 987-8507 * > * jware at erols.com * > * fax: 301 987-8531 * > * _ * > * | * > * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * > * _|_ * > * | _ | * > * _______________________________| |________ * > * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * > * |/\____________________________________________/ * > ************************************************************** From mkgolden at wam.umd.edu Wed Jul 7 12:43:55 1999 From: mkgolden at wam.umd.edu (Marykate Golden) Date: Wed, 7 Jul 1999 12:43:55 -0400 (EDT) Subject: e-mail address Message-ID: I am looking for the e-mail address of one, Sylvia Earle. Perhaps she is even reading this message? Kate Golden Student Researcher Department of Biology University of Maryland From james at winmarconsulting.com Wed Jul 7 15:44:56 1999 From: james at winmarconsulting.com (James Wiseman) Date: Wed, 7 Jul 1999 14:44:56 -0500 Subject: Computers for the field Message-ID: <9187DAFC4EB1D21196B50008C733ED9104CA34@163.61.winmar.hypercon.com> Hi Coral-listers, I use computers offshore...as part of my job. If you are interested in the Toughbooks mentioned below, have a look at this month's Pen Computing magazine. Two different Toughbooks were reviewed...one of which is "water resistant." According to the reviewer, it does work in heavy rain, and is also designed for use w/ work gloves, so work w/ neoprene gloves is probably possible. HTH, James Wiseman Winmar Consulting Houston TX > ads for the Panasonic Toughbook series of laptops. These are shown in > rain and other harsh conditions and are packaged in a > magnesium case. I > personally cannot attest for the durability or reliability of these > computers but the retail price on the CF-27 was suggested to be $7500, > and the CF-25 to be $3000. From rguppy at ima.gov.tt Thu Jul 8 11:55:34 1999 From: rguppy at ima.gov.tt (reia Guppy) Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 11:55:34 -0400 Subject: Underwater photography Message-ID: <01BEC938.C9AF1A00@pm9-8.carib-link.net> I just wanted to say thanks to all those who gave me suggestions and helpful hints to improving my underwater photography. I really appreciate it. Reia From EricHugo at aol.com Thu Jul 8 12:33:19 1999 From: EricHugo at aol.com (EricHugo at aol.com) Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 12:33:19 EDT Subject: Underwater photography Message-ID: In a message dated 7/8/99 10:12:39 AM, rguppy at ima.gov.tt writes: << I just wanted to say thanks to all those who gave me suggestions and helpful hints to improving my underwater photography. I really appreciate it. >> While I certainly appreciate the non-cluttering of this list at times, there are also times when I (and I imagine others) would greatly benefit from some of the private responses to questions. This is without question one of those times for me. Reia, I don't know how others would feel, but I would certainly like to hear about some of these suggestions made, in summary, privately, or publicly on the list. Despite some 20 years of photographing, there is still nothing more annoying than trying to document something to find the shot is not worthy of use. I find this especially true today with the increasing sediment loading on many reefs. It is becoming very difficult for this amateur photographer to avoid backscatter from particulate matter even when shooting at fairly close range. The photos I took from the Florida reef tract after the NCRI conference were absolutely abysmal. I am going on a research dive in St. Croix next week and am almost dreading the results. I thought at one time I could take some decent shots, but year after year they seem to get worse as the visibility on reefs and the water clarity/color has changed so dramatically in many locations. Eric Borneman From rtorstenson at nodc.noaa.gov Fri Jul 9 09:43:57 1999 From: rtorstenson at nodc.noaa.gov (Roger Torstenson) Date: Fri, 09 Jul 1999 09:43:57 -0400 Subject: Earth System Monitor - quarterly newsletter Message-ID: <199907091611.QAA15263@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Hello Anyone on the list who would like to submit articles to the Earth System Monitor (a NOAA publication), please let me know. The lead article on the June issue was on coral reef mapping and the Coral Reef Task Force which encompasses the U.S. amd U.S. territories. I would be happy to provide any interested parties with information on the Monitor and what is required for a submittal. I am presently looking for articles to be submitted no later than August 27, for inclusion into the September issue. Thank you Roger Torstenson From Tatwany at naseej.com.sa Fri Jul 9 13:05:45 1999 From: Tatwany at naseej.com.sa (Hany Tatwany) Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 20:05:45 +0300 Subject: E-mail address of Dr. Barbara Brown Message-ID: <000301beca4d$184f5f20$edc564d4@fofyplfq> Greetings all coral-listers, I am looking for the e-mail address of Dr. Barbara Brown of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England. Perhaps she is even reading this message? Dr. Hany Tatwany Director General of Wildlife Conservation National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD) Saudi Arabia -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/19990709/49860cf6/attachment.html From Tatwany at naseej.com.sa Fri Jul 9 16:43:39 1999 From: Tatwany at naseej.com.sa (Hany Tatwany) Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 23:43:39 +0300 Subject: E-mail address of Mr. Richard Kenchington Message-ID: <000701beca4d$1e9004c0$edc564d4@fofyplfq> Greetings all Coral-listers, I am looking for the e-mail address of Mr. Richard Kenchington, Executive Officer, GBRMPA, Australia Perhaps he is even reading this message?. Dr. Hany Tatwany Director General of Wildlife Conservation National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD) Saudi Arabia From Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov Fri Jul 9 19:01:02 1999 From: Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov (Jim Hendee) Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:01:02 -0400 (EDT) Subject: Addresses of coral researchers In-Reply-To: <000701beca4d$1e9004c0$edc564d4@fofyplfq> Message-ID: Dear Coral-Listers, Please remember to check the Online Coral Researchers Directory (and other resources listed there) when you have a question about the whereabouts and addresses of colleagues. We try diligently to keep that Directory up to date. See: http://www.coral.noaa.gov Thanks! Cheers, Jim Hendee coral-list administrator From Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov Fri Jul 9 19:12:10 1999 From: Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov (Jim Hendee) Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 19:12:10 -0400 (EDT) Subject: Addresses of coral researchers In-Reply-To: Message-ID: In that same vein, if you DO look (see below) and don't find your address or contact information, please let the CHAMP WebMaster (gmoriss at aoml.noaa.gov) know! Thanks, Jim On Fri, 9 Jul 1999, Jim Hendee wrote: > > Dear Coral-Listers, > > Please remember to check the Online Coral Researchers Directory > (and other resources listed there) when you have a question about the > whereabouts and addresses of colleagues. We try diligently to keep that > Directory up to date. > > See: http://www.coral.noaa.gov > > Thanks! > > Cheers, > Jim Hendee > coral-list administrator > > > > > From gene at seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov Mon Jul 12 10:37:10 1999 From: gene at seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov (gene carl feldman) Date: Mon, 12 Jul 1999 10:37:10 -0400 (EDT) Subject: SeaWiFS Data of Coral Reefs Message-ID: <199907121437.KAA20192@seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov> Good Morning, This is just a short note to let everyone know that for the past month we have been collecting 1 kilometer SeaWiFS data over regions of the world's oceans that are not currently covered by receiving stations on the ground in an effort to build up a data set of cloud-free images covering the world's coral reefs. All these images are being archived with the intention of working on developing a SeaWiFS-derived baseline map of all potential reef locations to: 1) compare with the currently available maps of coral reefs such as the 1 kilometer Reefbase map and work with the appropriate groups on refining these products if possible 2) develop the processing methodologies to best identify potential reefs with SeaWiFS data (a collaboration with NOAA is currently underway) 3) make these data sets available to coral researchers. We will be providing frequent updates as this activity evolves but given the recent activity and sets of recommendations coming out of the June conference on the Use Of Remote Sensing Tools For Mapping And Monitoring Coral Reefs, I just wanted to let people know that work has already begun. Best regards, gene feldman NASA/SeaWiFS Project From tsocci at usgcrp.gov Wed Jul 14 15:23:42 1999 From: tsocci at usgcrp.gov (Tony Socci) Date: Wed, 14 Jul 1999 15:23:42 -0400 Subject: July 19th US Global Change Seminar - "Origin, Impact, andImplications of the "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico" Message-ID: U.S. Global Change Research Program Seminar Series Origin, Impact, and Implications of the "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico What is the so-called "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico? What are the origins of the "Dead Zone"? Is the "Dead Zone" a natural phenomenon or is it a consequence of human activities, or both? Are there similar "dead zones" elsewhere? How does the "dead zone" impact people and ecosystems in the Gulf region and elsewhere? Are there potential solutions to the problem? Public Invited Monday, July 19, 1999, 3:15-4:45 PM Dirksen Senate Office Bldg., Room G-11 Washington, DC Reception Following INTRODUCTIONS: Dr. Charles (Chip) Groat, Director, U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, Reston, VA SPEAKERS: Dr. Nancy Rabalais, Professor, Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON), Chauvin, LA Dr. Donald Scavia, Chief Scientist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Ocean Service, and the Director of the National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD Ms Tracy Huhns, R & K Fisheries, Lafitte, LA Origin and Extent of the "Dead Zone" Every spring the process begins and culminates in a vast region of oxygen-starved ocean bottom that stretches along the Louisiana and Texas coasts. The phenomenon is known as hypoxia, but has been dubbed the "dead zone" by environmentalists and fishermen. Hypoxia is defined by a dissolved oxygen concentration in seawater of no more than 2 ppm (parts per million in seawater). At oxygen concentrations below this level fish trawlers are unable to find or capture any live shrimp or bottom-dwelling fish in their nets. The low oxygen levels drive away fish, while bottom-dwellers such as shrimp, crabs, snails, clams, starfish and worms eventually suffocate. These features of an otherwise highly productive coastal ecosystem are cause for concern since fisheries are a vital renewable resource of the northern Gulf of Mexico. Hypoxia results from a combination of natural and human-influenced factors. The Mississippi River Basin is the third largest in the world, after the Amazon and the Congo river basins, and drains about 41% of the conterminous United States, a total of over 3,200,000 square kilometers, delivering freshwater, sediments and nutrients to the Gulf of Mexico. This drainage basin includes all or part of 30 states, home to about 70 million people and one of the most productive agricultural regions in the country with over half (approximately 58%) of the total land area in the basin being devoted to cropland. The main stem of the Mississippi originates in northern Minnesota and flows southward for more than 3700 kilometers to the Gulf of Mexico; enroute the river is joined by the Missouri, Illinois, Ohio, Arkansas and White rivers. Upon entering the Gulf of Mexico, freshwater from the Mississippi River drainage basin floats over the saltier, denser water of the Gulf, resulting in a stratification of the water column. This stratification intensifies in the summer and prevents any oxygen housed within the upper layers of the Gulf of Mexico from being introduced to the bottom. In addition, the Mississippi River discharge contains high levels of nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and silica, some of which is natural but much of which is derived from the widespread application of fertilizers on farmlands that drain into the Mississippi River and ultimately, into the Gulf of Mexico. As in the case of fertilizers applied to grasses or crops, these nutrients stimulate the growth of phytoplankton (microscopic plants or algae) in the surface waters of the Gulf. These microscopic plants, in turn, support the rest of the marine food web. However, as these plants die and sink to the bottom, the natural decomposition of this dead plant material depletes the deeper waters of the Gulf of Mexico of what little oxygen it may contain. Over the last four decades the amount of nitrogen delivered by the Mississippi River basin has tripled. More carbon is now being produced by algae than was the case historically, and conditions of oxygen stress have worsened. This same process of hypoxia occurs elsewhere in the world where humans have altered river chemistry. Notable examples are the Black Sea, Baltic Sea, Adriatic Sea, Chesapeake Bay, Long Island Sound, and the Pamlico-Albemarle Sound. The hypoxic zone in the northern Gulf of Mexico is the third largest in the world and covers an area of ocean bottom 3,000 to 4,000 square miles in mid-summer, an area equal in size to the state of New Jersey. Given the natural conditions of the northern Gulf of Mexico as the recipient of large quantities of freshwater and nutrients, it is logical to assume that hypoxia has always occurred in the Gulf. However, the first documented hypoxic condition along the Louisiana coast was in 1972. Thereafter, systematic sampling of the waters began in 1985. Thus, the modern observational database from which to determine long-term trends is minimal. However, the accumulation of centuries of sediment that now make up the Mississippi River delta can be used to reconstruct a reliable suite of indirect measures of historical environmental changes in the Gulf region. Analyses of these sediments indicate that carbon production has increased, the productivity of phytoplankton, and in particular diatoms (microscopic marine plants whose skeletons are composed of natural glass), has increased, and oxygen conditions have worsened. Some of the changes date back to the turn of the century, but the problems have noticeably worsened and accelerated since the late 1940s and early 1950s. This scenario of worsening oxygen conditions in coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico adjacent to the nitrogen-enriched effluent of the Mississippi River has obvious consequences to living resources and humans. Similar situations now exist throughout the world's coastal ocean regions where environmental disruption caused by a planetary overload of nitrogen is emerging as a new global concern. Smaller ecosystems with nutrient enrichment problems have been able to rebound when management interventions have resulted in a reduction in the amount of nitrogen entering the systems in question. The scale of the Mississippi River watershed and the size of the hypoxia zone in the Gulf however, are daunting barriers to success which is likely to come slowly. Human Impact and Possible Remedies Since the early 1900s the hydrology of the Mississippi River system has been altered by levies, locks, dams and reservoirs that have in turn led to dramatic changes in the transport of water, sediments and nutrients from throughout the basin into the Gulf. Changes in agricultural practices over time, such as the use of tile-drains agricultural lands, ditches and other means to lower the water table and increase the efficiency of farming methods, have hastened the transport of water from the landscape to the river system and subsequently to the Gulf. Nitrate, which is the most soluble and mobile form of nitrogen, is easily leached from the soils into these efficient drainage systems and is subsequently delivered much more rapidly from the land to the Mississippi River system, which has led to a larger nutrient flux to rivers in the basin and ultimately into the Gulf of Mexico over time. While long term historical data on nitrogen concentrations in the basin are spotty, recent data suggest that average influx of nitrate to the Gulf of Mexico has nearly tripled in the last four decades resulting in a mean annual influx of 1.6 million metric tons of nitrogen per year. Models suggest that fertilizer and the soil inorganic nitrogen pool are the largest source of this nitrogen, contributing approximately half of the annual total nitrogen flux from the basin to the Gulf. Coincident with the change in nitrate flux has been changes in both the average streamflow and the interannual variability of streamflow throughout the Mississippi River basin. Over the last 100 years, annual precipitation in most sites in the Mississippi River basin has increased by 5 to 20%, coincident with a nationwide average increase in precipitation of 10 to 20%. Similarly, US Geological Survey data indicates that streamflow for the Mississippi was 30% higher during 1980-1996 than between 1955-1970. Streamflow also appears to have been more variable during the last 15 to 20 years, and this variability has been shown to be strongly correlated with nitrate flux. In general, during dry years there is little rainfall to transport nitrogen from the soil and unsaturated zones to streams and nitrogen flux (particularly nitrate) is low. Nitrate levels have been demonstrated to build up in soils during dry years, largely as a result of reduced uptake by crops. By contrast, during periods of heavy precipitation nitrate that has accumulated in the soil can be flushed into streams via agricultural drains, ground water discharge and overland flow at much higher rates than usual. Thus wet years which follow dry years tend to produce the largest influx of nitrate from the basin to the Gulf. For example, data indicate that only a small area of hypoxic waters developed in the Gulf during the 1988 drought, but the massive amount of nitrogen introduced during the flood of 1993 caused the hypoxic zone to more than double in size. In fact, the drought of 1988 and the flooding of 1993 suggest that abrupt and short-term climate events such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can greatly influence the development and extent of hypoxia in the Gulf. The influx of nitrate to the Gulf of Mexico is likely to respond quickly and dramatically to future changes in precipitation patterns and the timing of precipitation. Currently, most general circulation models (GCMs) project that increases in temperature are likely to result in a more vigorous hydrological cycle. Recent observations on water vapor appear to validate this projection. However, the most significant projected impacts from GCMs, for both the Mississippi River Basin and the Gulf of Mexico, are likely to result from changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme and short-lived events such as droughts, floods hurricanes, and El Nino/La Nina phenomena. In considering an array of potential options for mitigating or alleviating altogether, the hypoxic condition in the Gulf, one of the most attractive and potentially effective options for reducing the amount of nitrogen and other nutrients coming into the Gulf might be to create and restore strategically-placed wetlands and riparian zones where they can maximally intercept agricultural drainage and thus optimize nitrogen removal through plant uptake and denitrification. The construction and restoration of strategically-placed wetlands would not only contribute to the reduction of nitrogen coming into the Gulf, thus decreasing the hypoxia, but would also serve as sinks for carbon dioxide. Other benefits would include improvements in stream and river water quality and drinking water protection, enhancing terrestrial wildlife in river corridors, and providing increased flood protection. The latter is especially significant. If future climate change increases the vulnerability of the Mississippi River Basin to flood events, the combined effects of reducing nutrient loading while increasing flood protection would clearly benefit beleaguered ecosystems and people alike. Biographies Dr. Nancy Rabalais is a Professor at the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON) where she has resided since 1983. She teaches marine science courses at LUMCON and in the Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences at Louisiana State University. Dr. Rabalais' research interests include the dynamics of hypoxic (oxygen deficient) environments, interactions of large rivers with the coastal ocean, estuarine and coastal eutrophication, benthic ecology, and environmental effects of habitat alterations and contaminants. Dr. Rabalais is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, President of the Estuarine Research Federation, and an Aldo Leopold Leadership Program Fellow. She has also recently been named as the recipient of the Blasker Award for Science and Engineering for her outstanding scientific work on identifying and understanding the linkages between the Mississippi River drainage basin and the Gulf of Mexico. Dr. Rabalais earned her Ph.D. in Zoology from the University of Texas at Austin in 1983, and her BS and MS degrees in Biology from Texas A&I University, Kingsville, in 1972 and 1975, respectively. Dr. Donald Scavia is the Chief Scientist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Ocean Service and the Director of the National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science. Prior to taking on these new roles, Dr. Scavia was Director of NOAA's Coastal Ocean Program (COP). Before coming to the COP, Dr. Scavia was a research scientist at NOAA's Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) in Ann Arbor, Michigan. While at GLERL he carried out a broad range of field and laboratory research and modeling studies on ecosystems of the Great Lakes, with particular emphasis on food-web dynamics and nutrient cycling. He has served on the Board of Directors of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, and is currently an Associate Editor for the journal Estuaries. He has served in the following capacities under the President's Science Advisor: Chair of the Subcommittee on U.S. Coastal Ocean Science; Executive Secretary for the Subcommittee on Water Resources, Coastal and Marine Environments; co-chair of the Ecosystem Working Group; and co-chair of the Subcommittee on Ecological Systems. Dr. Scavia holds a Ph.D. in Water Resources Engineering from the University of Michigan, and BS and MS degrees in Environmental Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Ms Tracy Kuhns - No biography was available at the time of the printing. The Next Seminar is scheduled for September 22, 1999 Tentative Topic: Drivers of Climate Change For more information please contact: Anthony D. Socci, Ph.D., U.S. Global Change Research Program Office, 400 Virginia Ave. SW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20024; Telephone: (202) 314-2235; Fax: (202) 488-8681 E-Mail: TSOCCI at USGCRP.GOV. Additional information on the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) and this Seminar Series is available on the USGCRP Home Page at: http://www.usgcrp.gov. A complete archive of seminar summaries can also be found at this site. Normally these seminars are held on the second Monday of each month. From tsocci at usgcrp.gov Wed Jul 14 15:23:42 1999 From: tsocci at usgcrp.gov (Tony Socci) Date: Wed, 14 Jul 1999 15:23:42 -0400 Subject: July 19th US Global Change Seminar - "Origin, Impact, andImplications of the "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico" Message-ID: U.S. Global Change Research Program Seminar Series Origin, Impact, and Implications of the "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico What is the so-called "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico? What are the origins of the "Dead Zone"? Is the "Dead Zone" a natural phenomenon or is it a consequence of human activities, or both? Are there similar "dead zones" elsewhere? How does the "dead zone" impact people and ecosystems in the Gulf region and elsewhere? Are there potential solutions to the problem? Public Invited Monday, July 19, 1999, 3:15-4:45 PM Dirksen Senate Office Bldg., Room G-11 Washington, DC Reception Following INTRODUCTIONS: Dr. Charles (Chip) Groat, Director, U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, Reston, VA SPEAKERS: Dr. Nancy Rabalais, Professor, Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON), Chauvin, LA Dr. Donald Scavia, Chief Scientist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Ocean Service, and the Director of the National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Silver Spring, MD Ms Tracy Huhns, R & K Fisheries, Lafitte, LA Origin and Extent of the "Dead Zone" Every spring the process begins and culminates in a vast region of oxygen-starved ocean bottom that stretches along the Louisiana and Texas coasts. The phenomenon is known as hypoxia, but has been dubbed the "dead zone" by environmentalists and fishermen. Hypoxia is defined by a dissolved oxygen concentration in seawater of no more than 2 ppm (parts per million in seawater). At oxygen concentrations below this level fish trawlers are unable to find or capture any live shrimp or bottom-dwelling fish in their nets. The low oxygen levels drive away fish, while bottom-dwellers such as shrimp, crabs, snails, clams, starfish and worms eventually suffocate. These features of an otherwise highly productive coastal ecosystem are cause for concern since fisheries are a vital renewable resource of the northern Gulf of Mexico. Hypoxia results from a combination of natural and human-influenced factors. The Mississippi River Basin is the third largest in the world, after the Amazon and the Congo river basins, and drains about 41% of the conterminous United States, a total of over 3,200,000 square kilometers, delivering freshwater, sediments and nutrients to the Gulf of Mexico. This drainage basin includes all or part of 30 states, home to about 70 million people and one of the most productive agricultural regions in the country with over half (approximately 58%) of the total land area in the basin being devoted to cropland. The main stem of the Mississippi originates in northern Minnesota and flows southward for more than 3700 kilometers to the Gulf of Mexico; enroute the river is joined by the Missouri, Illinois, Ohio, Arkansas and White rivers. Upon entering the Gulf of Mexico, freshwater from the Mississippi River drainage basin floats over the saltier, denser water of the Gulf, resulting in a stratification of the water column. This stratification intensifies in the summer and prevents any oxygen housed within the upper layers of the Gulf of Mexico from being introduced to the bottom. In addition, the Mississippi River discharge contains high levels of nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and silica, some of which is natural but much of which is derived from the widespread application of fertilizers on farmlands that drain into the Mississippi River and ultimately, into the Gulf of Mexico. As in the case of fertilizers applied to grasses or crops, these nutrients stimulate the growth of phytoplankton (microscopic plants or algae) in the surface waters of the Gulf. These microscopic plants, in turn, support the rest of the marine food web. However, as these plants die and sink to the bottom, the natural decomposition of this dead plant material depletes the deeper waters of the Gulf of Mexico of what little oxygen it may contain. Over the last four decades the amount of nitrogen delivered by the Mississippi River basin has tripled. More carbon is now being produced by algae than was the case historically, and conditions of oxygen stress have worsened. This same process of hypoxia occurs elsewhere in the world where humans have altered river chemistry. Notable examples are the Black Sea, Baltic Sea, Adriatic Sea, Chesapeake Bay, Long Island Sound, and the Pamlico-Albemarle Sound. The hypoxic zone in the northern Gulf of Mexico is the third largest in the world and covers an area of ocean bottom 3,000 to 4,000 square miles in mid-summer, an area equal in size to the state of New Jersey. Given the natural conditions of the northern Gulf of Mexico as the recipient of large quantities of freshwater and nutrients, it is logical to assume that hypoxia has always occurred in the Gulf. However, the first documented hypoxic condition along the Louisiana coast was in 1972. Thereafter, systematic sampling of the waters began in 1985. Thus, the modern observational database from which to determine long-term trends is minimal. However, the accumulation of centuries of sediment that now make up the Mississippi River delta can be used to reconstruct a reliable suite of indirect measures of historical environmental changes in the Gulf region. Analyses of these sediments indicate that carbon production has increased, the productivity of phytoplankton, and in particular diatoms (microscopic marine plants whose skeletons are composed of natural glass), has increased, and oxygen conditions have worsened. Some of the changes date back to the turn of the century, but the problems have noticeably worsened and accelerated since the late 1940s and early 1950s. This scenario of worsening oxygen conditions in coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico adjacent to the nitrogen-enriched effluent of the Mississippi River has obvious consequences to living resources and humans. Similar situations now exist throughout the world's coastal ocean regions where environmental disruption caused by a planetary overload of nitrogen is emerging as a new global concern. Smaller ecosystems with nutrient enrichment problems have been able to rebound when management interventions have resulted in a reduction in the amount of nitrogen entering the systems in question. The scale of the Mississippi River watershed and the size of the hypoxia zone in the Gulf however, are daunting barriers to success which is likely to come slowly. Human Impact and Possible Remedies Since the early 1900s the hydrology of the Mississippi River system has been altered by levies, locks, dams and reservoirs that have in turn led to dramatic changes in the transport of water, sediments and nutrients from throughout the basin into the Gulf. Changes in agricultural practices over time, such as the use of tile-drains agricultural lands, ditches and other means to lower the water table and increase the efficiency of farming methods, have hastened the transport of water from the landscape to the river system and subsequently to the Gulf. Nitrate, which is the most soluble and mobile form of nitrogen, is easily leached from the soils into these efficient drainage systems and is subsequently delivered much more rapidly from the land to the Mississippi River system, which has led to a larger nutrient flux to rivers in the basin and ultimately into the Gulf of Mexico over time. While long term historical data on nitrogen concentrations in the basin are spotty, recent data suggest that average influx of nitrate to the Gulf of Mexico has nearly tripled in the last four decades resulting in a mean annual influx of 1.6 million metric tons of nitrogen per year. Models suggest that fertilizer and the soil inorganic nitrogen pool are the largest source of this nitrogen, contributing approximately half of the annual total nitrogen flux from the basin to the Gulf. Coincident with the change in nitrate flux has been changes in both the average streamflow and the interannual variability of streamflow throughout the Mississippi River basin. Over the last 100 years, annual precipitation in most sites in the Mississippi River basin has increased by 5 to 20%, coincident with a nationwide average increase in precipitation of 10 to 20%. Similarly, US Geological Survey data indicates that streamflow for the Mississippi was 30% higher during 1980-1996 than between 1955-1970. Streamflow also appears to have been more variable during the last 15 to 20 years, and this variability has been shown to be strongly correlated with nitrate flux. In general, during dry years there is little rainfall to transport nitrogen from the soil and unsaturated zones to streams and nitrogen flux (particularly nitrate) is low. Nitrate levels have been demonstrated to build up in soils during dry years, largely as a result of reduced uptake by crops. By contrast, during periods of heavy precipitation nitrate that has accumulated in the soil can be flushed into streams via agricultural drains, ground water discharge and overland flow at much higher rates than usual. Thus wet years which follow dry years tend to produce the largest influx of nitrate from the basin to the Gulf. For example, data indicate that only a small area of hypoxic waters developed in the Gulf during the 1988 drought, but the massive amount of nitrogen introduced during the flood of 1993 caused the hypoxic zone to more than double in size. In fact, the drought of 1988 and the flooding of 1993 suggest that abrupt and short-term climate events such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can greatly influence the development and extent of hypoxia in the Gulf. The influx of nitrate to the Gulf of Mexico is likely to respond quickly and dramatically to future changes in precipitation patterns and the timing of precipitation. Currently, most general circulation models (GCMs) project that increases in temperature are likely to result in a more vigorous hydrological cycle. Recent observations on water vapor appear to validate this projection. However, the most significant projected impacts from GCMs, for both the Mississippi River Basin and the Gulf of Mexico, are likely to result from changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme and short-lived events such as droughts, floods hurricanes, and El Nino/La Nina phenomena. In considering an array of potential options for mitigating or alleviating altogether, the hypoxic condition in the Gulf, one of the most attractive and potentially effective options for reducing the amount of nitrogen and other nutrients coming into the Gulf might be to create and restore strategically-placed wetlands and riparian zones where they can maximally intercept agricultural drainage and thus optimize nitrogen removal through plant uptake and denitrification. The construction and restoration of strategically-placed wetlands would not only contribute to the reduction of nitrogen coming into the Gulf, thus decreasing the hypoxia, but would also serve as sinks for carbon dioxide. Other benefits would include improvements in stream and river water quality and drinking water protection, enhancing terrestrial wildlife in river corridors, and providing increased flood protection. The latter is especially significant. If future climate change increases the vulnerability of the Mississippi River Basin to flood events, the combined effects of reducing nutrient loading while increasing flood protection would clearly benefit beleaguered ecosystems and people alike. Biographies Dr. Nancy Rabalais is a Professor at the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON) where she has resided since 1983. She teaches marine science courses at LUMCON and in the Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences at Louisiana State University. Dr. Rabalais' research interests include the dynamics of hypoxic (oxygen deficient) environments, interactions of large rivers with the coastal ocean, estuarine and coastal eutrophication, benthic ecology, and environmental effects of habitat alterations and contaminants. Dr. Rabalais is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, President of the Estuarine Research Federation, and an Aldo Leopold Leadership Program Fellow. She has also recently been named as the recipient of the Blasker Award for Science and Engineering for her outstanding scientific work on identifying and understanding the linkages between the Mississippi River drainage basin and the Gulf of Mexico. Dr. Rabalais earned her Ph.D. in Zoology from the University of Texas at Austin in 1983, and her BS and MS degrees in Biology from Texas A&I University, Kingsville, in 1972 and 1975, respectively. Dr. Donald Scavia is the Chief Scientist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Ocean Service and the Director of the National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science. Prior to taking on these new roles, Dr. Scavia was Director of NOAA's Coastal Ocean Program (COP). Before coming to the COP, Dr. Scavia was a research scientist at NOAA's Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) in Ann Arbor, Michigan. While at GLERL he carried out a broad range of field and laboratory research and modeling studies on ecosystems of the Great Lakes, with particular emphasis on food-web dynamics and nutrient cycling. He has served on the Board of Directors of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, and is currently an Associate Editor for the journal Estuaries. He has served in the following capacities under the President's Science Advisor: Chair of the Subcommittee on U.S. Coastal Ocean Science; Executive Secretary for the Subcommittee on Water Resources, Coastal and Marine Environments; co-chair of the Ecosystem Working Group; and co-chair of the Subcommittee on Ecological Systems. Dr. Scavia holds a Ph.D. in Water Resources Engineering from the University of Michigan, and BS and MS degrees in Environmental Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Ms Tracy Kuhns - No biography was available at the time of the printing. The Next Seminar is scheduled for September 22, 1999 Tentative Topic: Drivers of Climate Change For more information please contact: Anthony D. Socci, Ph.D., U.S. Global Change Research Program Office, 400 Virginia Ave. SW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20024; Telephone: (202) 314-2235; Fax: (202) 488-8681 E-Mail: TSOCCI at USGCRP.GOV. Additional information on the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) and this Seminar Series is available on the USGCRP Home Page at: http://www.usgcrp.gov. A complete archive of seminar summaries can also be found at this site. Normally these seminars are held on the second Monday of each month. From b.elliott at mweb.co.za Thu Jul 15 07:34:49 1999 From: b.elliott at mweb.co.za (Bridget Elliott) Date: Thu, 15 Jul 1999 13:34:49 +0200 Subject: sampling design Message-ID: <004901beceb6$cc206f40$9c2802c4@bridget> Hullo Is anyone out there sampling a representation of patchily distributed reefs along a stretch of coast along several hundred kilometres ? I am looking for suggestions for the sampling design of a monitoring program, when reefs are of a wide range of sizes and depths, and patchily distributed along the coast. One source has suggested dividing the coast into equal sectors of say, 50 km, and doing a fixed number of transects for a range of depths regardless of the amount of reef in that sector. This would allow for direct comparisons between the reefs (sectors) for variables such as species abundance and composition, with equal replications. However, surely if one sector only has a few square metres of scrappy reef, it does not justify the same intensity of sampling as a sector with a lot of reef ? In the southern part of our province the reefs are typical temperate rocky substrate, graduating to a layer of sub-tropical corals growing on top of submerged Pleistocene dunes in the north. I hope to use line-transects (GCRM method) to establish a long-term monitoring program of the benthos. Are there any biologists or statisticians out there who can help ? Many thanks Bridget Bridget Elliott Marine Ecologist KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Service Private Bag X3 Congella, Durban 4013 South Africa phone: +27 - 31 - 2051271 fax: +27 - 31 - 2051547 email: b.elliott at mweb.co.za -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/19990715/40599161/attachment.html From van_treeck at uni-essen.de Thu Jul 15 04:28:20 1999 From: van_treeck at uni-essen.de (Peter van Treeck) Date: Thu, 15 Jul 1999 10:28:20 +0200 Subject: Address for coral list Message-ID: <199907151518.PAA56300@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> I have an other boring request for an Email contact. I am looking for Dr. Francesca Marubini, her mail from Coral researchers directory is not valid any more (To keep the list up to date) I would like to put a request on that. sorry for inconvenience Cheers Peter From edg at wcmc.org.uk Fri Jul 16 07:09:12 1999 From: edg at wcmc.org.uk (Ed Green) Date: Fri, 16 Jul 1999 12:09:12 +0100 Subject: The Global Trade in Coral Message-ID: The World Conservation Monitoring Centre is pleased to announce the publication of 'The Global Trade in Coral' (World Conservation Press, Cambridge, UK, 70pp, ISBN: 1-899628-13-4). A brief summary follows: The Global Trade in Coral (Green and Shirley, 1999) This study assesses the global trade in coral in an ecological and economic context. Throughout the report emphasis is placed on the trade in live coral for aquaria because the last decade has seen an enormous increase in this business. The taxonomic composition of the trade is identified and the quantities of coral passing between nations illustrate the links between major exporters and importers. Subsequent chapters present data on the practicalities of monitoring international trade in coral at the global scale. In the last two chapters size and growth rate data are used to assess the sustainability of the trade in live coral: export and retail prices are used to estimate the revenue to exporting nations. Copies are being distributed by: Tropical Marine Centre Solesbridge Lane Chorleywood Hertfordshire WD3 5SX United Kingdom Tel: +44 1923 284151 Fax: +44 1923 285840 While stocks last these are available free of charge to addresses in developing nations and at the cost of postage and packing to all other addresses. Please contact me directly with comments and questions on the content of the report, Thank you, Ed. Dr. Edmund Green Head, Marine and Coastal Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road Cambridge CB3 0DL United Kingdom Tel: (44) 1223 277314 Fax: (44) 1223 277136 Ed.green at wcmc.org.uk From raronson at jaguar1.usouthal.edu Fri Jul 16 12:33:45 1999 From: raronson at jaguar1.usouthal.edu (Richard B. Aronson) Date: Fri, 16 Jul 1999 11:33:45 -0500 (CDT) Subject: sampling design In-Reply-To: <004901beceb6$cc206f40$9c2802c4@bridget> Message-ID: Dear Bridget, As always, the approach you take will depend on the hypothesis you wish to test. Articulating the specific hypothesis is the only way to answer your questions about sampling design. Regards, Rich Aronson ______________________________________________________________________________ Richard B. Aronson Senior Marine Scientist Dauphin Island Sea Lab 101 Bienville Boulevard Dauphin Island, AL 36528 Voice: (334) 861-7567 Fax: (334) 861-7540 email: raronson at jaguar1.usouthal.edu On Thu, 15 Jul 1999, Bridget Elliott wrote: > Hullo > > Is anyone out there sampling a representation of patchily distributed reefs along a stretch of coast along several hundred kilometres ? > > I am looking for suggestions for the sampling design of a monitoring program, when reefs are of a wide range of sizes and depths, and patchily distributed along the coast. One source has suggested dividing the coast into equal sectors of say, 50 km, and doing a fixed number of transects for a range of depths regardless of the amount of reef in that sector. This would allow for direct comparisons between the reefs (sectors) for variables such as species abundance and composition, with equal replications. > > However, surely if one sector only has a few square metres of scrappy reef, it does not justify the same intensity of sampling as a sector with a lot of reef ? > > In the southern part of our province the reefs are typical temperate rocky substrate, graduating to a layer of sub-tropical corals growing on top of submerged Pleistocene dunes in the north. I hope to use line-transects (GCRM method) to establish a long-term monitoring program of the benthos. > > Are there any biologists or statisticians out there who can help ? > > Many thanks > Bridget > > Bridget Elliott > Marine Ecologist > KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Service > Private Bag X3 > Congella, Durban > 4013 > South Africa > phone: +27 - 31 - 2051271 > fax: +27 - 31 - 2051547 > email: b.elliott at mweb.co.za > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/19990716/0789ff81/attachment.html From Tom.Shyka at noaa.gov Mon Jul 19 13:48:18 1999 From: Tom.Shyka at noaa.gov (Tom Shyka) Date: Mon, 19 Jul 1999 13:48:18 -0400 Subject: Reef restoration web site Message-ID: <379364D5.10A588CC@noaa.gov> NOAA's Marine Sanctuary Division has recently launched a new web site that provides background information and updates on the Columbus Iselin reef restoration project, which has begun at Looe Key Reef in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. The address for the site is: http://www.restorereef.nos.noaa.gov The site can also be accessed by going to the new MSD web site and entering the special offerings section: http://www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov/special/special.html If you have any questions or comments regarding the project or web site please contact: Lisa Symons Resource Protection & Damage Assessment Coordinator Marine Sanctuaries Div. (N/ORM6) NOAA 1305 East-West Hwy, #11643 Silver Spring, MD 20910 301-713-3141 ext. 108 Lisa.Symons at noaa.gov Thanks, Tom -- Tom Shyka NOAA/Marine Sanctuaries Division 1305 East-West Highway, 11th Floor SSMC-4, N/ORM62 Silver Spring, MD 20910 301-713-3145 x183?fax: 301-713-0404 Tom.Shyka at noaa.gov From dthoney at idt.net Wed Jul 21 14:31:46 1999 From: dthoney at idt.net (Dr. Dennis Thoney) Date: Wed, 21 Jul 1999 14:31:46 -0400 Subject: Job advertisement Message-ID: <37961212.4E2B4426@idt.net> Please pass on the attached position advertisement. Thank you. -- Dennis A. Thoney, Ph.D. General Curator New York Aquarium Wildlife Conservation Society Boardwalk and West 8th St. Brooklyn, NY 11224 www.wcs.org -------------- next part -------------- AQUATIC PATHOLOGIST The New York Aquarium/Osborne Laboratories Requires a Ph.D or equivalent in aquatic pathology/parasitology or closely related field with strong background experience in aquatic disease management and research, demonstrated interpersonal, presentation, and management skills, an established publication record and success in acquiring research funding. Will maintain diverse aquatic animal collection in healthy condition through disease diagnosis and treatment and by developing a research program in aquatic diseases that supports conservation programs. Attractive salary, plus benefits. The wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), founded in 1895, is a world leader in wildlife conservation. WCS manages five zoo and aquarium facilities in New York and over 300 conservation projects in 52 countries. Send curriculum vitae/ cover letter to Dennis A. Thoney, Ph.D., New York Aquarium, W. 8th St. & Surf Ave., Brooklyn, NY 11224. From emueller at mote.org Thu Jul 22 16:53:45 1999 From: emueller at mote.org (Erich Mueller) Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1999 13:53:45 -0700 (PDT) Subject: Mote's new Keys facility Message-ID: To all interested, Mote Marine Laboratory is in the process of relocating its Florida Keys facility from Pigeon Key to Summerland Key (mile marker 24.5, US 1). The new contacts are listed below. Limited facilities will be available at both Pigeon Key and Summerland Key through the remainder of 1999. Mote's research operations at Pigeon Key will end at that time. We anticipate being fully operational for visiting scientists at the new Center for Tropical Research on Summerland by mid-spring, 2000. The new facility will have considerably improved dry lab facilities and accommodations. The location will provide excellent access to a variety of Lower Keys habitats and is close to Looe Key. Full implementation of educational facilities will be a bit later, however, inquiries for small groups may be made to the contact points below. <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Erich Mueller, Ph.D., Director Phone: (305) 745-2729 Mote Marine Laboratory FAX: (305) 745-2730 Center for Tropical Research Email: emueller at mote.org 24244 Overseas Highway (US 1) Summerland Key, FL 33042 Web pages: http://www.mote.org/~emueller/pkmrc.html http://www.mote.org Remarks are personal opinion and do not reflect institutional policy unless so indicated. <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> From CoralReefA at aol.com Thu Jul 22 16:21:37 1999 From: CoralReefA at aol.com (CoralReefA at aol.com) Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1999 16:21:37 EDT Subject: Job Opportunities in Coral Reef Conservation Message-ID: JOB OPPORTUNITIES IN CORAL REEF CONSERVATION ******************************************************* PLEASE FORWARD TO ANY POTENTIALLY INTERESTED STUDENTS AND OTHER INDIVIDUALS The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL), a non-profit conservation group based in Berkeley, California, is growing and will need several new employees over the next two years. Specific job descriptions are not available as we are seeking to build a team based on a combination of skills and interests. Work will include projects focused on building public awareness about coral reefs, helping to create and improve coral reef protected areas, and working with divers and the dive-tourism industry to promote conservation. CORAL does not undertake any scientific research. No research positions are available. The essential job qualifications are: Solid background in coral reef ecology Strong interest in coral reef conservation Ability to work well with others Some travel may be required for certain positions. If you might be interested in a position with CORAL, please mail, fax or email your resume to the address below with a cover letter outlining your primary areas of interest in coral reef conservation and estimating when you might be available to start work. No telephone inquiries please. We are at the early stages of our employee search, so we may not be able to respond to your submission immediately. Thanks for your interest. PLEASE DO NOT REPLY TO THE CORALREEFA at AOL.COM EMAIL ADDRESS Contact Address: Shawn Reifsteck Managing Director CORAL- The Coral Reef Alliance 64 Shattuck Square, Suite 220 Berkeley, CA 94704 fax: 510-848-3720 email: coralmail4 at aol.com For more information on CORAL, please visit our web site: www.coral.org CORAL's Mission The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) is a member supported, non-profit organization dedicated to keeping coral reefs alive around the world. CORAL helps local organizations in coral reef areas by providing financial support, technical expertise and volunteers to help with coral reef conservation projects. CORAL is using education and outreach programs to build a new constituency of scuba divers, snorkelers and other concerned individuals to help combat the major threats to coral reefs. From carlson at soest.hawaii.edu Fri Jul 23 23:42:46 1999 From: carlson at soest.hawaii.edu (Bruce Carlson) Date: Fri, 23 Jul 1999 17:42:46 -1000 (HST) Subject: Marine Ornamentals Conference Message-ID: <199907241653.QAA64101@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> I would like to remind you of the Marine Ornamentals 99 Conference being held in Kona, Hawaii on the 16th to 19th November 1999. Plans are now well underway and there are only a few weeks left in which to take advantage of the early registration discount. And for those of you that might want to present a paper - either orally or as a poster - the deadline for abstracts (July 31) is rapidly approaching. The meeting is designed to bring together in one venue those interested in the Collecting, Culture and Conservation of marine ornamental species including fishes, corals, live rock, as well as those that are worrying about the regulatory regime in which these species are traded, transported and marketed. Thus there is an opportunity for everyone from researchers, to businessmen, to hobbyists to participate and contribute to the meeting. For details of the meeting, registration forms, etc. See http://imina.soest.hawaii.edu/SEAGRANT/marine_ornamentals99/index.html Bruce Carlson Waikiki Aquarium From Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov Tue Jul 27 09:32:35 1999 From: Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov (Jim Hendee) Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:32:35 -0400 (EDT) Subject: NOAA funding Message-ID: Greetings coral-listers, For those of you who may be interested in the FY2000 funding picture for NOAA, including especially how it pertains to the study of coral reefs, please see the following Web Page: http://www.legislative.noaa.gov/ Cheers, Jim Hendee From Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov Tue Jul 27 09:32:35 1999 From: Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov (Jim Hendee) Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 09:32:35 -0400 (EDT) Subject: NOAA funding Message-ID: Greetings coral-listers, For those of you who may be interested in the FY2000 funding picture for NOAA, including especially how it pertains to the study of coral reefs, please see the following Web Page: http://www.legislative.noaa.gov/ Cheers, Jim Hendee From Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov Fri Jul 30 07:44:56 1999 From: Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov (Jim Hendee) Date: Fri, 30 Jul 1999 07:44:56 -0400 (EDT) Subject: Florida Keys sea temperatures Message-ID: Reefs in the Florida Keys are now experiencing very high sea temperatures (over 32degC in some cases). The daily temps can be seen at, http://www.coral.noaa.gov/cman/cman_menu.html and historical (i.e., yesterday's and before) can be seen at, http://www.neptune.noaa.gov If anybody diving in the Keys notices any coral bleaching, please let us know. The feedback will be helpful in refining the Coral Reef Early Warning System (CREWS), a data-driven expert system for coral bleaching "alerts", posted daily (as they occur) at, http://www.coral.noaa.gov/sferpm/seakeys/es Thank you. Cheers, Jim Hendee