From jch at aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar 1 07:45:54 1999 From: jch at aoml.noaa.gov (Coral-list Administrator) Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1999 12:45:54 GMT Subject: Happy99.exe worm Message-ID: <199903011245.MAA17833@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> You can find out more information about the Happy99.exe virus at the following URL: http://www.symantec.com/avcenter/venc/data/happy99.worm.html Apparently, CORALations reads email via a Windows operating system, and that system was infected. The worm operates by detecting a send message from the host (Windows) operating system, then sends a uuencoded Happy99.exe document to the same recipient as the last send message went to. If you received the uuencoded message, just don't uudecode it and execute it--delete it! I would urge all coral-list subscribers to check their operating systems frequently for viruses, worms, etc. Sincerely yours, JCH coral-list administrator From pdustan at zeus.cofc.edu Mon Mar 1 14:40:45 1999 From: pdustan at zeus.cofc.edu (Phillip Dustan) Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 11:40:45 -0800 Subject: Virus file: Happy99.exe Message-ID: <3.0.32.19990301114039.00cece14@zeus.cofc.edu> HAPPY99 IS A VIRUS FOR SURE. DO NOT RUN IT, DISINFECT YOUR MACHINE IF YOU HAVE. Phil Dustan >An attached file called Happy99.exe was just sent to this list. I'm pretty >sure it contains a computer virus. A like-named file was just received on >another list and infected some computers. The file Happy99.exe is a >program. As I understand it, no harm is done unless you open (or run) the >program itself. Deleting the file itself (not simply the E-mail message it >rode in on) gets rid of the problem. > >The file came on a message from "CORALations" bearing the subject line: >"RE: Acropora spp., endangered," dated 2/28/99. Please note that this >information is just to help you find the virus-bearing file and not to >place blame on CORALations, who, I'm sure, didn't know this file containted >a virus. > >Cheers, >Osha > > >Osha Gray Davidson >14 South Governor St. >Iowa City, IA 52240 USA > >Ph: 319-338-4778 >Fax: 319-338-8606 >osha at pobox.com >Scholar Affiliate, University of Iowa > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Phillip Dustan pdustan at zeus.cofc.edu Department of Biology www.cofc.edu/~coral College of Charleston Charleston SC 29424 (843) 953-8086 (843)953-5453 Fax From EricHugo at aol.com Tue Mar 2 13:02:32 1999 From: EricHugo at aol.com (EricHugo at aol.com) Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 13:02:32 EST Subject: Acropora spp., endangered Message-ID: <228b05ea.36dc27b8@aol.com> Hi Charles. <> I think Jamie outlined some good points in his previous post on this. While there may be geological evidence pointing to boom/bust cycles in various coral populations (and there is), the points brought out earlier I think are important: that is, that irrespective of natural catastrophe and influence, the anthropogenic influence of many factors seems unrelenting. There have been many papers which have investigated long and short term damage resulting from various natural factors, and, while occasionally catastrophic and reefs are largely lost, the majority seem to show slow or even surprisingly quick recovery given proper conditions. However, recovery in stressed or injured animals is remarkably less as energy is allocated to repair. I cannot really see what harm placing A. palmata and A. cervicornis under ESA guidelines would do, as these stressed communities could potentially benefit from any and all action on their behalf. What concerns me (besides the fact I miss seeing vast thickets of Acropora in the Caribbean) is the reef accretion rate without these reef builders. Unlike Pacific reefs, there are fewer species which can grow at the rate or in the conditions tolerated by these two species than in the Pacific. With bioerosion, continued anthropogenic stress, and natural disasters (which, arguably, may worsen in the future), will the next in line reef-builders like Montastrea and Porites be able to keep up? Looking at the listing of some of the others (Dendrogyra cylindrus, etc.), can Caribbean reefs keep up? Only coralline algae ridges to come? ESA won't do a thing to prevent Gaia's wrath, but there is quite a difference between the natural cycles of disturbance and the continuing long term stress on the these reefs. One thing I have noticed when such debates occur is that there is much "voire- diring" about whether proposed solutions are ideal or optimal...they rarely are. However, in the meantime, the habitat continues to suffer while the debate continues. Perhaps actions which protect the habitat should be implemented, even if not panacaeic, while better solutions are being worked on? Nor am I particularly convinced that a spawn releasing (hypothetically) one billion gametes is enough. Consider an equally hypothetical 1% successful fertilization, 1% settlement success, and a 1% chance of living past the juvenile stage. Then consider that 95% of these corals are lost (being lost) due to disease/stress/injury/predation, bioerosion, competition, etc. As was mentioned, recruitment is not keeping up, so I think its more than a case of the "warm and fuzzies". Ordinarily, one could expect for fragmentation to make up some ground, but there aren't enough colonies around to make this of significant value...hence the reason why these species are now considered for ESA protection. The potential for these animals to recover and survive mass mortality is certainly there if conditions are ideal....but they aren't. Not that I am bringing up any particularly earth shattering points here, but it would seem that the loss of these key species is of particular importance to reefs, and I cannot see why all efforts to protect them shouldn't be supported. There is not really any economic value placed on them due to rigorous anti-collection protocol (as you brought up), and hence no real force towards *not* implementing protective legislation. Thus, arguably, their most important economic value is in their continued presence for recreational/tourism reasons and supporting the lower end of sport/food fish webs (and, of course, their intrinsic value to the reef itself and to the continued grants for studying the reasons for their mortality ) I do, however, totally agree that efforts on the part of the public and private aquaria arena could (perhaps surprisingly) support some captive grow- out for replenishment. I have long thought that Caribbean species should be available for such efforts with careful and moderated collection. Eric Borneman From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar 2 17:57:51 1999 From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (NOAA's Coral Health and Monitoring Program) Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 22:57:51 GMT Subject: New CHAMP Literature Update! Message-ID: <199903022257.WAA01475@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> I am very happy to announce that our NOAA/AOML Librarian, Linda Pikula (pikula at aoml.noaa.gov), has painstakingly, and at no minor cost, compiled an extensive list of literature references pertaining to coral health and monitoring from 1996 through most of 1998. At this time we have the literature citations only, but hope to have abstracts soon. At the CHAMP Home Page (www.coral.noaa.gov), click on "Literature" then on "New CHAMP Literature Server" to search the database. I'm afraid this database is on a very old PC server (in fact, the computer that ran the original 1992 "CoralFax" service, the precursor to the CHAMP Program), so your search may run a little slow. We're hoping to be able to obtain a more up-to-date and powerful server in the future. If you have submitted abstracts to us before, please be patient. We will update the database as soon as we can. I'm afraid we're a little shorthanded. We hope you are able to use this new source of knowledge in your coral reef work. THANKS, Linda, for a job super well-done! Cheers, Jim Hendee CHAMP Administrator From GJ.Gast at jcu.edu.au Mon Mar 1 20:49:28 1999 From: GJ.Gast at jcu.edu.au (Gert Jan Gast) Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 12:49:28 +1100 Subject: Panama ref list offered Message-ID: <199903031438.OAA05382@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Hi all, I have (on request) typed all the references of the Panama Proceedings into an EndNotePlus (W98, version 3.0) and figured that as this isn't all that interesting an activity, I'd spare you the trouble: drop me a mail and I'll send the file as attachment. Also available are Text (.txt) and RichText (.rtf) copies with one field (author, year, title, etc) per line for people who want to try to import it into other literature programs. Mac users with EndNote should be able to import this file. I'll try BinHex encoding. Jim Hendee and Gina Morisseau-Leroy have posted the text file on the NOAA CHAMP homepage: http://www.coral.noaa.gov/bib/Proc8ICRS.html I checked the refs, but there are certainly still some errors. Please let me know if you find any. I will collect those and send errata. Could the organisers of future symposia, meetings, etc. consider to place the proceeding refs on a web page in format of most commonly used bibliography programs? That would be very nice! Good luck, GJ =============================================== Dr. Gert Jan Gast This email address will not change. 5 Sycamore Street Pimlico, QLD 4812 Australia Phone int 61 (0)7 47 255 220 is likely to be temporary. From GJ.Gast at jcu.edu.au Mon Mar 1 20:49:28 1999 From: GJ.Gast at jcu.edu.au (Gert Jan Gast) Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 12:49:28 +1100 Subject: Panama ref list offered Message-ID: <199903031438.OAA05382@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Hi all, I have (on request) typed all the references of the Panama Proceedings into an EndNotePlus (W98, version 3.0) and figured that as this isn't all that interesting an activity, I'd spare you the trouble: drop me a mail and I'll send the file as attachment. Also available are Text (.txt) and RichText (.rtf) copies with one field (author, year, title, etc) per line for people who want to try to import it into other literature programs. Mac users with EndNote should be able to import this file. I'll try BinHex encoding. Jim Hendee and Gina Morisseau-Leroy have posted the text file on the NOAA CHAMP homepage: http://www.coral.noaa.gov/bib/Proc8ICRS.html I checked the refs, but there are certainly still some errors. Please let me know if you find any. I will collect those and send errata. Could the organisers of future symposia, meetings, etc. consider to place the proceeding refs on a web page in format of most commonly used bibliography programs? That would be very nice! Good luck, GJ =============================================== Dr. Gert Jan Gast This email address will not change. 5 Sycamore Street Pimlico, QLD 4812 Australia Phone int 61 (0)7 47 255 220 is likely to be temporary. From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 3 09:55:04 1999 From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (NOAA's CHAMP) Date: Wed, 3 Mar 1999 14:55:04 GMT Subject: Correcton: New CHAMP Literature Server Message-ID: <199903031455.OAA05798@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> My mistake--there are apparently about 425 articles ranging from 1980 through 1998 on the new literature server. We hope to update this in the future, depending on how things progress. Cheers, jch Re: ~~~~~~~~ From: NOAA's Coral Health and Monitoring Program To: coral-list Subject: New CHAMP Literature Update! I am very happy to announce that our NOAA/AOML Librarian, Linda Pikula (pikula at aoml.noaa.gov), has painstakingly, and at no minor cost, compiled an extensive list of literature references pertaining to coral health and monitoring from 1996 through most of 1998. At this time we have the literature citations only, but hope to have abstracts soon. At the CHAMP Home Page (www.coral.noaa.gov), click on "Literature" then on "New CHAMP Literature Server" to search the database. I'm afraid this database is on a very old PC server (in fact, the computer that ran the original 1992 "CoralFax" service, the precursor to the CHAMP Program), so your search may run a little slow. We're hoping to be able to obtain a more up-to-date and powerful server in the future. If you have submitted abstracts to us before, please be patient. We will update the database as soon as we can. I'm afraid we're a little shorthanded. We hope you are able to use this new source of knowledge in your coral reef work. THANKS, Linda, for a job super well-done! Cheers, Jim Hendee CHAMP Administrator From serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu Wed Mar 3 09:45:13 1999 From: serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu (Serge Andrefouet) Date: Wed, 3 Mar 1999 14:45:13 GMT Subject: Landsat images Message-ID: <199903031445.OAA05523@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> The launch date for Landsat 7 (L7) satellite may still have some degree of fluidity but is planned now for APRIL 15 1999. One of the missions of L7 is to provide images for the NASA Long Term Acquisition Plan (LTAP) to support scientific research, with ideally the acquisition of at least 200 images per day over various and varying areas of the globe for downloading to the US (Foreign Ground Stations may collect additional data of course). Images will be available at a low cost (less than $300/scene). The earth observing instrument on L7, the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), replicates the capabilities of the Thematic Mapper instruments on Landsats 4 and 5*. The ETM+ also includes new features that make it a more versatile and efficient instrument for global change studies, land cover monitoring and assessment, and large area mapping than its design forebears. Landsat 7 and ETM+ characteristics are : Number of Bands: 8 Spectral Range(microns): Band 1: .45 to .515 Band 2: .525 to .605 Band 3: .63 to .690 Band 4: .75 to .90 Band 5: 1.55 to 1.75 Band 6: 10.40 to 12.5 (Thermal infra-red channel) Band 7: 2.09 to 2.35 Band 8 (Panchromatic): .52 to .90 Ground Resolution (meters) Band 1: 30 m Band 2: 30 m Band 3: 30 m Band 4: 30 m Band 5: 30 m Band 6: 60 m Band 7: 30 m Band 8: 15 m Swath width:185 kilometers Repeat coverage interval:16 days (233 orbits) Altitude:705 kilometers Quantization:Best 8 of 9 bits On-board data storage:~375 Gb (solid state) Inclination:Sun-synchronous, 98.2 degrees Equatorial crossing:Descending node; 10:00am +/- 15 min. Launch vehicle:Delta II Launch date:April 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ For the moment, the highest priorities of the LTAP acquisitions are for the United-States, and selected land targets elsewhere. The goal is to obtain quasi-global, seasonal coverage. Several coastal zones worldwide are already integrated in the LTAP dataset. They may include reefs areas that can be studied using typically the bands 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8. To improve the coverage of coral reefs zones, 35 specific targets reefs were recently added to the list of potential sites. However, coverage of these sites is by no means guaranteed and an increase in their priorities is required! The aim of this mail is to signal to the community of coral reef researcher that their site of study can be added to the LTAP database For this, we need: 1/ the location of your area (lat/long) to check if it is already in a coastal LTAP zone or if it can be one of the new 35 sites (especially dedicated to remote oceanic places) 2/ a short description of your projects, including: - a short scientific history of the site (references of previous studies will be enough) - objectives, - schedules, - names of the scientists and institutes that are involved in the project - your plans to use remote sensing data (mapping, change detection, catastrophic assessment=85) We understand that some applications, related to catastrophic impacts for example (cyclones, lagoon blooms, bleaching=85) can not be described as scheduled projects , but if a site is a LTAP site, it will be easier to get reference images that will be completed by images during or just after the events. The monitoring sites, whatever the organization (ICRI, GCRMN, CARICOMP, ReefCheck,=85), are of course suitable for LTAP. Defining high sensitive areas will also help to improve the priority for coral reef acquisition. Because of the imminence of the launch of L7, its software will be frozen in few weeks. The definition of these 35 sites needs to be done very quickly. So, people interested by images for their projects are encouraged to response to this offer, ideally during the next week (-> before 9th March). For further questions and for application, you can answer directly to carbon at marine.usf.edu or serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu An assessment of all the answers and the proposition to the Landsat program for the final LTAP dataset will be mailed later on the Coral-List. Cheers, Serge Andrefouet Serge Andrefouet Department of Marine Science Remote Sensing/ Biological Oceanography University of South Florida =20 140, 7th Av. South =20 St Petersburg=20 FL 33701 phone: (727) 553-1186 fax: (727) 553-1103 E-mail: serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu From BPrecht at kennesaw.Lawco.com Wed Mar 3 11:46:31 1999 From: BPrecht at kennesaw.Lawco.com (Precht,Bill) Date: Wed, 3 Mar 1999 11:46:31 -0500 Subject: Acropora spp., endangered ? Message-ID: <4D333629EC74D211A0F900104B79C72D0AF9FC@miami-1.wins.lawco.com> Dear list: For what its worth, just a few comments (in a question - answer format) about the spirited Acropora debate. Q.- Should Acropora spp. be considered for listing? A. - YES Q. - What's the evidence for this? A.- In most US waters (Caribbean & western Atlantic), Acropora populations have been drastically reduced by a number of factors (disease, storms, bleaching, predation, etc...) over the course of the last two decades. This is especially pronounced for Acropora cervicornis. Q. - Is this reduction just part of natural boom-bust cycles in the local populations. Walt Japp makes some good points about the volatility of Acropora populations in Florida. A. - Yes, Acropora populations are very volatile. However, the recent declines are not just confined to local populations within individual reefs or reef areas, but have impacted essentially all Acropora populations throughout the region. This includes reef areas far from population sources and major anthropogenic impacts. Belize, Bonaire, Jamaica, the Bahamas, Florida, etc... have all shown similar declines over roughly the same period of time. Florida reefs have been especially impacted. In addition, recent geologic evidence strongly points to the fact that a "regional" decline in acroporid populations is without historical precedence in the Quaternary. Q. - Okay, so some Acropora populations have diminished, but there are still some pretty good stands of Acropora spp. here and there. Why should we list a species that is still locally abundant in some areas? A. - Your right, there are some pretty good stands of Acropora here and there, especially A. palmata. The main point being "here and there". Unfortunately, there aren't that many "here and there's" anymore. As compared to 20-30 years ago even these large stands are greatly reduced in size and number. This is based on both solid data and anecdotal evidence. In addition, even in these large stands, very few are "healthy"; that is they show a high incidence of partial mortality. For instance, one of the most beautiful and most luxuriant stands of A. palmata (just two years ago) was off Goulding Cay (southwest tip of New Providence Island, Bahamas). Many of these corals (over 50%) have died within the last year due to the 1998 bleaching event, white-band disease epizootics, and predation by mobile fauna. Many of these corals are now standing dead in-situ. This scene is being played over and over again throughout the region. It should be noted that this same reef at Goulding Cay was renowned for its prolific stands and thickets of A. cervicornis. This reef was used as a backdrop for numerous u/w scenes in films, including some James Bonds flicks. Stuart Cove the local dive operator there told me that ~ 99% of this staghorn vanished in the early to mid-1980's. Now it seems as though the A. palmata is imperiled there as well. Q. - Well you've convinced me that the acroporids are at risk (maybe). How would implementing the E & T Species Act help here? Aren't the scleractinia are already protected in US waters by a host of various regulations and statutes? A. - The present regulations protect corals from harvest and/or destruction in place (i.e. ship-groundings, anchor damage, etc...) Although illegal coral collection by reef poachers is still common and problematic, the E & T Act goes one step further in that it helps protect the habitat in which that species lives. This is done by designating "critical habitat" for a particular E & T species. Also, additional layers of legal protection are common with E & T species. For instance, The Bald Eagle is protected by the Migratory Bird Act, as well as the E & T Act, plus individual State Statutes. Having an additional layer of protection and the legal ramifications that go with it (violation of the E & T Act is very serious business) will not just help the acroporids but all corals living in association with them. Q. - It may be determined that only local populations of acroporids are at risk. If so, why place the whole lot on the list? A. - If this is determined to be the case (based on population data), then there are numerous options available. This includes the listing of a species as "a species of special concern" (i.e. the Burrowing Owl in Florida). Another option, would be (as Jamie Bechtel noted) to list only a local population as E or T. For instance "All Acropora spp. in the waters of Florida" or "All A. cervicornis in US Territorial waters" or "All acroporid species in US waters with exception of A. palmata in Florida" and so on. The E & T Species Act even protects species because of their similarity with other like species. For example, the Florida alligator is protected because of its similarity with the American Crocodile, an endangered species. Q. - Will placing the Acropora spp. on the list make getting scientific permits for collecting coral specimens more difficult. A. - It should not affect those who have just reasons for sampling (permits are already required for work/research in the Florida Keys), and it will certainly deter the unnecessary collection and sampling of these corals. Well, this is my spin on some of the stuff that has been going around for the last couple of weeks. Hope this helps. By the by, Rich Aronson and I recently completed a ms. on the history & volitility of the Acropora spp. as well as on their recent, regional demise. I would be more than happy to furnish copies of this in-press ms. to any that request it. "Men with the muckrake are often indispensable to the well-being of society, but only if they know when to stop raking the muck." Theodore Roosevelt 1906 William F. Precht Natural Resources Manager LAW Engineering & Environmental Services, Inc. 5845 NW 158th Street Miami Lakes, FL 33014 ph (305) 826-5588 x206 fax (305) 826-1799 > -----Original Message----- > From: Jamie D. Bechtel [SMTP:warrior at bu.edu] > Sent: Sunday, February 28, 1999 6:06 AM > To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov; lesk at bio.bu.edu > Subject: Acropora spp., endangered -legal background > > hello all - i have been following the debate with some interest and > thought > some background information may be helpful. there is an excellent article > discussing the role of science in the listing of endangered species. > Bogert, Laurence Michael "That's my story and i'm sticking to it: is the > best available science any available science under the endangered species > act." 31 Idaho Law Review 85 (1994). > > despite some recent flexibility mechanisms built into the ESA, it remains > a > strong legislative tool. the endangered species act (ESA) is unique in > terms of environmental legislation in that it contains a flat, > substanative > prohibition. weighing heavily in favor of the application of the > endangered > species act is the fact that, beyond a shadow of doubt, congress intended > to grant high priority status to endangered species. consequently, the > ESA > remains a strong legislative tool and is upheld uniformily and > consistently > in district courts. > > Sec. 7 of the ESA supplies much of the force of the ESA in "insur[ing] > that actions authorized, funded, or carried out by [federal deptarments > and > agencies] do not jeapardize the continued existence of such endangered > species and threatended species or result in the destruction or > modification of habitat of such species which is determined by the > Secretary, after consultation as appropriate with the affected States, to > be critical". > > in short, if a project will cause harm to an endangered species, that > project can likely be brought to a relatively quick halt. > > 1n 1995, sec 9 (regarding illegal taking species w/i the US and the > territorial sea) of the ESA won its day in court. the supreme court > allowed the definition of "harm" to include "significant habitat > modification or degradation where it actually kills or injures wildlife by > significantly impairing essential behavioral patterns, including breeding, > feeding, or sheltering (babbit v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a > Great Oregon, S. Ct. US 1995) > > it should be noted that, while application of the ESA is unlikely (not > impossible) to improve current water quality and habitat conditions, it > could go along way in preventing further decline(although some interesting > battles are coming up with regards to language in the esa to promote > conservation of species). the law was not designed to determine protective > measures for different reproductive behaviors. it is likely that we do not > need to consider recruitment fitness. (criteria listed below) > > it should also be noted that in determining whether a population is > threatened, it need not be threatened globally, but throughout a portion > of > its range. many examples exist, such as the protection of the bald eagle > in US domestic populations despite a thriving population in Alaska. > distinct population segments can be protected. this arguement is likely to > be stronger when additional populations occur outside US states and > territories but are threatened within the US. > > the esa also allows critical habitat to be protected - slightly more > complicated to achieve but based on an endangered species listing. > > the application of esa relies solely on the "best scientific and > commercial > data available." the act allows that listing of a species as endangered or > threatend follows certain criteria: if the species experiences 1. present > or threatened destruction or modification of its habitat or range. 2. > overutilization for commercial, recreational, scientific, or education > purposes 3. disease/predation 4. inadequacy of existing regulatory > mechanism or other natural or manmade factors affect its continued > existence > > listing of an organmism that is not truly endangered can be extremely > dangerous in providing fuel for politicians and industry trying to bring > an > end to the act. > > final thoughts, the legal arena is constantly changing and many questions > regarding application of the ESA remain untested until they appear in > court. > > one thought permeating the legal environment is the idea that scientist > don't agree on any thing and data is untrustworthy. unfortunately, a few > bad apples etc... however, as a scientist interacting in the legal > community, i find it disheartening to have to constantly defend the > workings of the scientific community. any suggestions on how to begin > dispelling the myth and providing explanation? > > hope this information is helpful - > > cheers, > jamie > > __________________________________________________________________________ > __ > ________ > > Jamie D. Bechtel Jamie D. Bechtel > Boston University Boston College > School of Law > Graduate School of Biology 885 Centre Street > > 5 Cummington Street Newton, MA 02159 > Boston, MA 02215 From lesk at bio.bu.edu Wed Mar 3 12:52:17 1999 From: lesk at bio.bu.edu (Les Kaufman) Date: Wed, 3 Mar 1999 12:52:17 -0500 (EST) Subject: Acropora spp., endangered ? Message-ID: <199903032023.UAA07716@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Acropora cervicornis, prolifera, and palmata would in my estimation qualify for a "vulnerable" or higher listing, possibly as high as endangered, in accordance with IUCN criteria after Mace et al. Les Kaufman Boston University Marine Program lesk at bio.bu.edu 617-353-5560 office 617-353-6965 lab 617-353-6340 fax From serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu Wed Mar 3 16:56:07 1999 From: serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu (Serge Andrefouet) Date: Wed, 03 Mar 1999 16:56:07 -0500 Subject: Landsat images: FAQ and more details Message-ID: <3.0.6.32.19990303165607.007efcd0@carbon.marine.usf.edu> Hello everybody, May be the first message for Landsat LTAP project was not so clear because many people are asking for the same precisions. First, 35 reefs sites were recently added to the list, but they are not assigned already to specific reefs. The 35 reefs will be finally selected according to your requests. For the moment, they just appear as "reef" in the list. Second, some of your sites may be already in a coastal area which appear elsewhere in the list, which is sorted by Country. For example: for France, the LTAP list include 8 images for New-Caledonia. These images may include reef areas. When we receive your request, we chek if the location of your site is not already included in the LTAP list, as a coastal area. If yes, we do not add your site to the 35 specific reef sites but we put a "reef flag" to try to increase the priority of this coastal area. If not, we add your site to the potential 35 specific reef sites. Third: for United States reefs (Hawaii, Florida Keys, Puerto Rico,...): most of them are already included in the LTAP list because USA is completely covered by LTAP, and USA has the highest priority. Anyway, signal us your reefs, because inside USA, reefs have low priority. Four: Ideally, all the sites of the LTAP list will be covered at least one time a year, whatever their priority. I apologize if I do not answer individually to each message. I do if necessary, but I rather try to give precisions that can be useful for everybody directly on the coral-list. Bye Serge Serge Andrefouet Department of Marine Science Remote Sensing/ Biological Oceanography University of South Florida 140, 7th Av. South St Petersburg FL 33701 phone: (727) 553-1186 fax: (727) 553-1103 E-mail: serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu From corals at caribe.net Wed Mar 3 17:10:06 1999 From: corals at caribe.net (CORALations) Date: Wed, 3 Mar 1999 18:10:06 -0400 Subject: No subject Message-ID: <199903032214.SAA09918@mail.caribe.net> Dear Listers...... Just returned from Clean Water Network meeting in Washington to discover my computer was infected with a "worm" virus...picked this up from our local listing...did not realize I was infected when I sent comments to the coral listers..... Mary Ann Lucking CORALations From andrew.baird at jcu.edu.au Wed Mar 3 19:06:19 1999 From: andrew.baird at jcu.edu.au (Andrew Baird) Date: Thu, 04 Mar 1999 10:06:19 +1000 Subject: panama refs: Message-ID: <1.5.4.32.19990304000619.006da7ec@pop.jcu.edu.au> three cheers for Gert. Aint altruism a fine thing! I have another comment for organisers of future proceeding. Could the organisers arrange to have the abstracts listed in one of the relevant abstracting services such as Aquatic Science and Fisheries Abstract or Current Contents. Some of the Proceedings appear in ASFA, but not those after 1988, as far as I am aware. Andrew Baird phone 61 7 47814802 Department of Marine Biology fax 61 7 47251570 James Cook University email andrew.baird at jcu.edu.au Townsvill Qld 4811 From corals at caribe.net Thu Mar 4 10:10:01 1999 From: corals at caribe.net (CORALations) Date: Thu, 4 Mar 1999 11:10:01 -0400 Subject: Fw: I'm Clean Message-ID: <199903041514.LAA26077@mail.caribe.net> ---------- > > SORRY ABOUT HAPPY 99.....Did not know I had it or I was sending it... > I followed these instructions to remove it.... > Thought I better not send it as an attachment! > Mary Ann > > Read anything - execute NOTHING!! This is the key. If the file has > (NAME OF FILE) .EXE . . .DO NOT CLICK ON IT -THIS IS A COMMAND FILE TO > EXECUTE A PROGRAM. > Here are the guts for Happy > This virus is attached to newsgroup and e-mail messages as an > attachment called Happy99.exe. You cannot get infected with this virus > just by reading a newsgroup or e-mail message. You have to execute the > attachment. Almost always, the person who sent it does not know that they > are sending it out. It does not show up in their Outbox. If you didn't > execute the attachment, you can just delete it and move on. If you > execute an infected attachment, it will display a firework display. It > will create two files in the Windows System folder, SKA.EXE and SKA.DLL. > SKA.EXE will be a copy of HAPPY99.EXE. It will copy the original > WSOCK32.DLL to WSOCK32.SKA. Then it will modify WSOCK32.DLL without > changing its size so it will try to run SKA.DLL while posting to Usenet > and sending E-Mail. The SKA.DLL file will silently attach HAPPY99.EXE to > a second copy of outgoing newsgroup and e-mail messages with a barely > noticable delay. This second copy will have the same subject and > recipient, but it will have an empty body. The outgoing message will > contain the header > X-Spanska: Yes but this is normally not visible. > > It does not modify any other file besides WSOCK32.DLL. WSOCK32.DLL is a > regular part of Windows that provides a connnection to the Internet. > If it is unable to modify WSOCK32.DLL, then it will add SKA.EXE to the > RunOnce section of the registry and WSOCK32.DLL will be modified next > time the computer starts. It will still create WSOCK32.SKA even if it is > unable to modify WSOCK32.DLL. This virus will keep a list of message > recipients in the file LISTE.SKA in the Windows System folder. > It will try not to send the Happy99.exe file twice to the same person. > > This virus does not steal passwords, as some sources have reported. It > does not contain any payload other than the fireworks display. However, > it could overload an e-mail server if a lot of copies get passed around. > Also, since it gets passed along a lot, a different virus could attach > to HAPPY99.EXE somewhere along the way. Without SKA.DLL and SKA.EXE, the > modified WSOCK32.DLL cannot perform any viral action. > However using a modified WSOCK32.DLL could cause problems while on the > Internet. The most common problem that has been reported is invalid page > faults, but these can have other causes. Restoring the original > WSOCK32.DLL will correct these problems. > > This virus does not affect Macs, DOS, Windows 3.x, OS/2, Linux or > WebTV. However, someone using one of those could pass it along > manually, for example by forwarding the message. Under Windows NT it will > create SKA.EXE, SKA.DLL, and WSOCK32.SKA but will fail to add itself to > the registry or modify WSOCK32.DLL. If you have NT, you don't have to > follow the removal steps; you can simply delete SKA.DLL and SKA.EXE from > inside Windows NT if you would like. > > Some people have asked whether it is always called HAPPY99.EXE. This > virus doesn't contain any code to change the name. However, it would be > simple for a person to change it to anything they like. > > It contains the encrypted text: "Is it a virus, a worm, a trojan? > MOUT-MOUT Hybrid (c) Spanska 1999." > > Spanska is the alias of a virus writer who has written several other > viruses. > > Removal ; > > Steps marked optional are not absolutely necessary and are completely > safe to skip. If you're not comfortable with DOS, get someone > knowledgable to help you with this. These steps should be safe, even > under unexpected circumstances, but I can't make guarantees. Perform > these at your own risk. If you have Windows NT, you don't have to follow > the removal steps. > > 1.Click Start, then Shut Down, then "Restart Computer in MS-DOS > mode", then click Yes. It's important to exit Windows in order to be > able to replace the file WSOCK32.DLL which Windows normally has in > use. > 2.At the DOS prompt type this exactly and press enter at the end of > each line: > CD \WINDOWS\SYSTEM > > If that doesn't work, try > CD SYSTEM > > 3.Delete SKA.EXE and SKA.DLL by typing > DEL SKA.EXE > DEL SKA.DLL > > If you get "File not found" you're either not infected or in the > wrong directory. Make sure you're in your Windows System directory; check > to see if you followed step 2 exactly. > > 4.Copy WSOCK32.SKA to WSOCK32.DLL by typing > ATTRIB -R WSOCK32.DLL > COPY WSOCK32.SKA WSOCK32.DLL > > Answer "Yes" if it asks if you want to overwrite WSOCK32.DLL. > Explanation: WSOCK32.SKA is a backup of the original > WSOCK32.DLL. You are replacing the modified DLL with the > original. If you get a "Sharing violation" make sure you followed > step 1. > 5.Optional Delete WSOCK32.SKA by typing > DEL WSOCK32.SKA > You can leave WSOCK32.SKA on your system. It is a copy of your > original WSOCK32.DLL Do not delete WSOCK32.SKA if you are unable to > replace WSOCK32.DLL with WSOCK32.SKA. > > 6.Return to Windows by typing > EXIT > > 7.Optional Click Start, then Run, then type regedit in the text box, > then click OK. Click HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, then Software, then > Microsoft, then Windows, then CurrentVersion. Under RunOnce check for > SKA.EXE and select it if it is there. Press delete and then click Yes. > Close Regedit. Don't change anything else without making a backup of the > registry first. If you don't find SKA.EXE in the registry, it doesn't > mean you're not infected. SKA.EXE is only added to the registry if > HAPPY99.EXE is unable to modify WSOCK32.DLL when you run it. Also, > you'll only find it in the registry if you haven't rebooted since you > ran HAPPY99.EXE. > > ...Optional: Choose Start, Programs, Accessories, Notepad, choose File, > then Open then type C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM\LISTE.SKA in the File Name box. > Warn the people on the list, then delete LISTE.SKA. Make it clear to > the people you warn that they won't be infected unless they ran > happy99.exe, to avoid alarming them unnecessarily. If you haven't sent > out any infected e-mails, there won't be a LISTE.SK A. > 9.Optional Delete the HAPPY99.EXE file. The location of > HAPPY99.EXE will vary depending on where you saved it. You can > delete it simply by dragging it to the Recycle Bin from within > Windows or whatever method you prefer. You may still have some > messages with HAPPY99.EXE attached in your mailbox. These > cannot do anything unless you run them. You can delete them if you > want to or just ignore them. > 10.Optional If you aren't sure whether WSOCK32.DLL is infected, > choose Start, then Find, then "Files or Folders". Then type > WSOCK32.DLL in the "Named" box. In the "Look in" box choose drive > C: or whatever drive you have Windows on. In the "Containing Text" box > type "ska.dll" without the quotes. Then click "Find Now". If you don't > find any files, that means that wsock32.dll isn't the modified > version. If you don't have the modified WSOCK32.DLL, the virus has no > way to attach to e-mails, even if you have SKA.EXE, SKA.DLL and > WSOCK32.SKA in the Windows System folder. If you have SKA.EXE in the > RunOnce registry section, and you haven't deleted SKA.EXE, then the > virus will try to modify WSOCK32.DLL the next time you restart the > computer. > ... If you're having trouble with the removal, make > sure you're following the steps exactly. Make sure you type the > instructions exactly including spaces and punctuation. You might ant to > print out the removal instructions so you have something to refer to. If > you're having trouble with the DOS commands, get a local person to help > you with them. > > > > --------- End forwarded message ---------- > > From bhaskell at ocean.nos.noaa.gov Thu Mar 4 14:08:09 1999 From: bhaskell at ocean.nos.noaa.gov (Haskell, Ben) Date: 4 Mar 1999 14:08:09 -0500 Subject: Sanctuary No-Take Zone Performance Message-ID: For immediate release March 4, 1999 U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Marine Sanctuaries Division Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary CONTACT: Cheva Heck Ben Haskell (305) 292-0311 (305)743-2437, ext. 25 First-Year Results Show Sanctuary No-Take Zones Beginning to Change Fish and Lobster Populations Marathon -- After their first full year of protection, the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary's 23 no-take zones are showing signs of restoring spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) and fish populations, according to results from the long-term zone monitoring program. In July of 1997, the sanctuary established a pioneering marine zoning program that includes three types of no-take zones: eighteen small sanctuary preservation areas, four special use areas and an ecological reserve. The zones comprise less than one percent of the sanctuary but protect much of its critical coral reef habitat. That same year, the sanctuary initiated a five-year zone monitoring program looking at changes in ecosystem function and populations of key species. "We are surprised how quickly animal populations are responding to these no-take zones. It's probably a good indication of the intense exploitation pressure they are under. We're looking forward to many more surprises from these zones over the coming years," said Ben Haskell, sanctuary science coordinator. Carrollyn Cox and John Hunt of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection used teams of divers to compare lobster populations in fifteen sanctuary no-take areas with reference sites open to fishing. The divers found significantly more legal lobsters (carapace length greater than 76 millimeters) in no-take areas during both study years, 1997 and 1998. In 1997, Cox and Hunt found that the size of legal lobsters was the same in no-take areas and reference sites. But by 1998, lobsters in the no-take areas that exceeded legal size were significantly larger than legal lobsters in reference sites. First-year results from a second lobster study provide additional evidence of increased abundance and size in the no-take areas. The sentinel lobster fishery project used a commercial fisherman fishing traditional trap gear to compare lobster populations in Western Sambo Ecological Reserve with populations in Middle Sambo and Pelican Shoal, nearby areas that are open to fishing. Results from 1998 indicate that lobsters were significantly larger and more abundant in the reserve compared to outside reference sites. The average annual abundance of economically important reef fish (yellowtail snapper, hogfish, and grouper) were compared to a long-term baseline and between no-take zones and comparable reference sites. Grouper analysis excluded two small rarely targeted species: graysby and coney. In all cases, the highest average abundances were observed in no-take zones in 1998, the first full year of no-take protection, according to a preliminary analysis under the direction of Dr. Jim Bohnsack with the National Marine Fisheries Service. Grouper in the remote Tortugas region were more abundant than in the rest of the Florida Keys. Rates of fish herbivory in the zones compared to reference sites provide another intriguing indication that the zones may be beginning to restore the natural food chain. Dr. Margaret Miller of the National Marine Fisheries Service found that herbivory was higher in the no-take zones during 1997 compared to outside reference sites, but declined in the largest zone in 1998. This points to a potential trophic cascade effect, in which herbivorous fish populations initially increase, but then decline as predatory fish populations rebound from overfishing. The monitoring program also looks at other key species, such as coral, queen conch (Strombus gigas), fish and urchins. Coral community dynamics are being intensively monitored in 3 zones and reference sites by Drs. John Ogden, Richard Aronson, and Struan R. Smith. The response time for coral is expected to be much longer than that of heavily exploited and faster growing species such as lobster or fish. The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, designated in 1990, protects 2,800 square nautical miles of critical marine habitat, including coral reef, hardbottom, seagrass meadows, mangrove communities and sand flats. In addition to the marine zoning program, key sanctuary initiatives include a water quality protection program, extensive education and volunteer programs, channel marking initiatives, and installing and maintaining mooring buoys to prevent damage to the reef. ### If you would like a copy of the first year Zone Performance Report please email Ben Haskell at bhaskell at ocean.nos.noaa.gov. From delbeek at hawaii.edu Fri Mar 5 15:25:07 1999 From: delbeek at hawaii.edu (J. Charles Delbeek) Date: Fri, 5 Mar 1999 10:25:07 -1000 Subject: Water Temperature Info required Message-ID: Does anyone know where I might be able to find daily water temperature records for various locale around the world i.e. Fiji, Red Sea, Indonesia, Caribbean etc? Is there one website that would have this info or a book reference, or do I need to consult several sources? Mahalo! J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc. Aquarium Biologist Waikiki Aquarium University of Hawaii "The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end." Mr. Spock From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Mon Mar 8 07:45:19 1999 From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (NOAA's CHAMP) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:45:19 GMT Subject: CHAMP crashes again Message-ID: <199903081245.MAA01044@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Ladies and Gentlemen, My sincere apologies, but the coral workstation (coral at coral.aoml.noaa.gov), which hosts coral-list and the CHAMP Home Page, crashed on March 6, 1999, at 9:31am (EST) due to a memory error in our SIMM S3, but is now back up. If you posted any messages to coral-list, please give the Internet time to re-post them again. If they do not show on coral-list by the end of today, please try reposting them. We are trying to acquire funding for the workstation so this will not happen quite so frequently as it has been. Sorry for the inconvenience. Cheers, Jim Hendee CHAMP Admininstrator From woodley at uwimona.edu.jm Sat Mar 6 15:01:58 1999 From: woodley at uwimona.edu.jm (Jeremy Woodley) Date: Sat, 6 Mar 1999 15:01:58 -0500 (GMT-0500) Subject: Water Temperature Info required In-Reply-To: Message-ID: CARICOMP can provide data from Caribbean sites: contact Dulcie Linton, Data Manager, at the above address. But both she and I will be offline all next week. Jeremy Woodley On Fri, 5 Mar 1999, J. Charles Delbeek wrote: > Does anyone know where I might be able to find daily water temperature > records for various locale around the world i.e. Fiji, Red Sea, Indonesia, > Caribbean etc? Is there one website that would have this info or a book > reference, or do I need to consult several sources? > > Mahalo! > > J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc. > > Aquarium Biologist > Waikiki Aquarium > University of Hawaii > > "The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end." > Mr. Spock > > > From prtaylor at nsf.gov Sun Mar 7 12:15:16 1999 From: prtaylor at nsf.gov (Taylor, Phillip R) Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 12:15:16 -0500 Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems Message-ID: <97B143F7B54DD211845600A0C9D60E88FEA5A1@nsfmail03.nsf.gov> Looking for some quick responses to a simple query. Please respond directly to me. My own sense as a coral reef ecologist is that the issue of environmental perturbations due to non-indigenous, or "invasive" species is not in the front line of environmental problems in reef systems. Is there any evidence that this impression is way off base. Thanks for any input, Phil Taylor **************************************** Phillip R. Taylor, Director Biological Oceanography Program Division of Ocean Sciences National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Blvd., Suite 725 Arlington, Virginia, USA 22230 703-306-1587, fax: 703-306-0390 prtaylor at nsf.gov From corals at caribe.net Mon Mar 8 10:24:58 1999 From: corals at caribe.net (CORALations) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 11:24:58 -0400 Subject: Fw: Illinois State Legislature has introduced a bill that willremove the eastern massasauga from ESA Message-ID: <199903081529.LAA05770@mail.caribe.net> ---------- > From: Allen Salzberg > To: asalzberg at aol.com > Subject: Illinois State Legislature has introduced a bill that willremove the eastern massasauga from ESA > Date: Monday, March 08, 1999 10:17 AM > > Gary Casper > Subject: Urgent situation, Illinois de-listing endangered species > Please re-distribute appropriately. > > ILLINOIS STATE LEGISLATORS PROPOSE DE-LISTING ENDANGERED SPECIES > > Members of the Illinois State Legislature have introduced a bill that will > remove the eastern massasauga, brook lamprey, and Indiana crayfish from the > list of IL threatened and endangered species. Sponsors are Kurt Granberg > and Larry Woolard, who reportedly claim that these three species are > "getting in the way" of development in their districts. The bill reportedly > made it out of committee Wednesday by a large majority. The date for floor > debate is unknown at this time. > > The IL DNR has distributed a position paper on this bill, coming out > strongly against it. > > The precedent this bill would set, if successful, has implications for all > rare species. If non-biologists are allowed to draft bills removing > protected status for species without any supportive data showing recovery, > simply in order to avoid compliance with endangered species laws, then > endangered species laws become non-functional and useless. > > Letters are urgently needed. Letters can be written to any of the State > Reps in Illinois, and letters from Illinois citizens will have the greatest > impact. Others are certainly encouraged to write. The bill is HB 2243. > Illinois legislator addresses and phone numbers are available at: > http://www.state.il.us/legis/default.htm > > The bill has not gone to the senate yet, so letters should be sent to > representatives, not senators, at this time. > > From potts at biology.ucsc.edu Mon Mar 8 11:41:57 1999 From: potts at biology.ucsc.edu (Donald Potts) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 08:41:57 -0800 (Pacific Standard Time) Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems In-Reply-To: <97B143F7B54DD211845600A0C9D60E88FEA5A1@nsfmail03.nsf.gov> Message-ID: Phil, Your impression agrees with mine overall. The major exception may be some of the disease organisms that appear to be increasing in abundance. I'm thinking in particular of some of the work from Drew Harvell's group Don Potts From gsi19453 at gsaix2.cc.gasou.edu Mon Mar 8 14:24:47 1999 From: gsi19453 at gsaix2.cc.gasou.edu (Kenyon Mobley) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 14:24:47 -0500 Subject: more on ESA and bryozoans Message-ID: Copyright 1999 Palm Beach Newspaper, Inc. >> >> The Palm Beach Post >> >> March 6, 1999, Saturday, MARTIN-ST. LUCIE EDITION >> >>SECTION: LOCAL, Pg. 1B >> >>LENGTH: 613 words >> >>HEADLINE: DREDGE HALTED BECAUSE OF RARE CREATURE >> >>BYLINE: Jim Reeder, Palm Beach Post Staff Writer >> >>DATELINE: FORT PIERCE >> >>BODY: >> Dredges pumping sand onto Fort Pierce's South Beach were stopped Friday >>by a >>federal judge who agreed the Army Corps of Engineers may not have done >>adequate >>environmental impact studies before starting the project. >> >> U.S. District Judge Henry H. Kennedy in Washington issued a temporary >>injunction stopping the work until further hearings are held on whether >>the work >>should be stopped permanently. >> >> St. Lucie County officials said the work stoppage will cost $ 50,000 to $ >>80,000 per day in fees that must be paid to Weeks Marine Inc. of Camden, >>N.J., >>whether they're pumping sand or not. >> >> ''Our money will go to the contractor and we'll have nothing to show for >>it,'' County Commission Chairman Paula Lewis said. ''The earliest we'll be >>able >>to resume work is probably February, 2001, and we'll have no money.'' >> >> Dredges started work this week and had pumped about 100,000 cubic yards of >>sand onto the beach, Lewis said. Plans called for nearly 1 million cubic >>yards >>to rebuild the beach from the South Jetty to near Ocean Village condominium. >> >> Two scientists and three environmental groups filed suit in Washington >>Monday >>seeking the project halt because the Army Corps of Engineers did no >>studies on >>the presence of 12 species of ocean creatures called bryozoans. >> >> The only place the species have been found is Capron Shoal, the underwater >>sandpile 3.5 miles off Fort Pierce where the corps obtained sand to renourish >>the beach. >> >> Such rare animals are entitled to special consideration under the >>Endangered Species Act, the suit said. >> >> Kennedy heard arguments Thursday and issued his stop-work order Friday >>morning, attorney Eric Glitzenstein said. >> >> >> ''The judge said it appears likely we will prevail after further >>hearings,'' >>Glitzenstein said. ''The corps says these species likely are found elsewhere, >>but they haven't looked for them.'' >> Corps officials could not be reached for comment Friday. >> >> ''I want to see the beach renourished, but I'm disappointed the corps >>didn't >>do adequate review of alternate sites and consider these species,'' >>Commissioner >>Doug Coward said. >> >> Commissioner Cliff Barnes is angry opponents torpedoed years of work >>on the >>project. >> >> ''The allegation these creatures are rare or non-existent elsewhere is >>completely unsubstantiated,'' Barnes said. ''Nowhere do the opponents say >>they >>looked a half-mile away or a mile away to see if these species are there. >> >> ''This may save these creatures . . . but it leaves our beaches >>unprotected >>through another hurricane season and reduces turtle-nesting areas.'' >> >> The suit was filed by Judith E. Winston, a Martinsville, Va., researcher; >>North Beach resident Brian Kilday, who works at Harbor Branch Oceanographic >>Institute; the St. Lucie Audubon Society, Conservation Alliance of St. Lucie >>County and the St. Lucie Waterfront Council >> >> Shoal harbors new bryozoan species >> >> Bryozoans are tiny marine animals that live on grains of sand or in >>colonies >>between sand grains, seaweed and pilings. Nine new species and a new genus >>live >>on Capron Shoal off Fort Pierce. >> >> HOW THEY LIVE: Imagine sand grains as giant boulders, water thick as honey >>and bits of food drifting by in the glop. Stormy weather stirs the sand, >>causing >>injury, death and damage. >> >> WHAT THEY EAT: Bacteria and microscopic algae. >> >> KEEPING CLEAN: When algae soils the colony, it sheds its outer layer. >> >> SEX LIVES: They reproduce sexually and asexually. >> >> LIFE SPANS: Unknown; believed short. >> >> VALUE TO HUMANS: Part of ocean's water-cleansing filter system. Unexplored >>potential. Bryozoan relatives contain a potent anti-cancer agent used to >>treat >>lymphoma and leukemia. >> >> Source: Judith Winston, scientist >> >>NOTES: >>Info box at end of text >> >>GRAPHIC: MAP (C), MARK HEMPHILL/Staff Artist, Location Map of Capron Shoal >> >>COMPANY: ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS (84%); >> >>LOAD-DATE: March 8, 1999 >> >> >> >>Defenders of Wildlife >>1101 14th St. NW, Suite 1400 >>Washington, DC 20005 >>(202)-682-9400 ext. 283 >>fax: (202)-682-1331 >>LHood at Defenders.org >> KBM From lesk at bio.bu.edu Mon Mar 8 14:38:12 1999 From: lesk at bio.bu.edu (Les Kaufman) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 15:38:12 -0400 Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems Message-ID: <199903082024.PAA24491@bio.bu.edu> Phil, there are some invasive species problems in coral reef systems that are potentially very serious. 1. The introduction of exotic Euchema and other algae for the carageenan and agar industries. These have significantly altered the ecology of Kaneohoe Bay, for example. HIMB folks have data. They are also working on Dictyosphaeria cavernosa but I presume that this was native, and just took off with eutrophication. 2. Shrimp aquaculture is resulting in the worldwide spread of both decapod pathogens and non-indigenous penaeids. Whether this is a coral reef issue or not is still an open question. I have a student doing a senior thesis on the potential impacts of shrimp aquaculture in Oman, and she is in touch with various people looking at these issues. Dana Meadows at Dartmouth is one of them, and a good contact. 3. Fish introductions in coral reef systems are not unknown, but their effects are not well known. The classic example is the introduction of Cephalophalis argus (and three other species) to Hawaiian waters. Jack Randall is the expert on that. C. argus is now an abundant fish in some places, and you have to suspect that the introduction of a small grouper to a reef system that formerly lacked any such creature has to have some interesting effects. 4. The escape of a domesticated form of Caulerpa taxifolia in the Mediterannean has serious implications for coral reef habitats as well. Jim Carlton knows who to get in touch with about this, I think. 5. Aquarists or aquarium fish collectors have tried to introduce valuable Indo-Pacific species to Kaneohoe Bay. For example, several lemonpeel angelfish were known in the bay for a while, though I don't think they established and I have not seen them around. Talk to Chris Brown at HIMB about the aquarium trade. 6. Aquaculture of marine aquarium fishes is on the edge of becoming a profitable, transportable business. Clownfishes are being reared in large numbers in the Caribbean, for example. It is unlikely that they in particular would naturalize in the Caribbean, but not impossible. As mariculture spreads, there are serious issues we need to consider...all of the usual ones. Phil, these are off the top of my head. For what it's worth, I ended my paper at the recent international meeting on marine bioinvasions (my paper was about Lake Victoria), with slides of Euchema and C. argus in Hawaii. I draw analogies between Euchema and water hyacinth, and C. argus and Lates. Those in the audience who noticed said that they really enjoyed the Lake Vic data but thought the coda was a reach. I disaggree. I think that what we learned from Lake Vic should be kept in mind in nearshore marine tropical waters, and that this will become a real issue as mariculture becomes more prevalent. Hope that is of use. Les Kaufman Boston University Marine Program Department of Biology Boston University 5 Cummington Street Boston, MA 02215 e-mail: lesk at bio.bu.edu phone: 617-353-5560 fax: 617-353-6340 Ex Africa semper aliquid novi. "There is always something new out of Africa." - Pliny the Elder From tcoles at ecosurveys.win-uk.net Mon Mar 8 08:38:31 1999 From: tcoles at ecosurveys.win-uk.net (Ecosurveys) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 13:38:31 -0000 Subject: Marine Scientist Post Message-ID: <199903082008.UAA03533@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Our ref: TC/plm1394 8 March 1999 Dear Colleague MARINE SCIENTIST POST MAY - OCTOBER 1999 SULAWESI, INDONESIA We are looking for a Marine Scientist to join a survey of the Wakatobi Marine National Park in South East Sulawesi for a 6 month contract and I am writing to see if you know of anyone who might be interested in this post. Operation Wallacea is a not-for-profit project in South East Sulawesi where paying volunteers have joined biologists to help complete species surveys of a newly created Marine National Park. A list of the project's achievements is enclosed which includes winning the Best Conservation Project in South East Asia Award in 1998 from ASEANTA. Further details of the projects that are being carried out by Operation Wallacea can be found at our website at www.operationwallacea.win-uk.net. We are looking for a qualified marine scientist with experience in Indo Pacific reefs to direct the marine science programme for 1999. The objectives of the programme are: =B7 to complete an interim review of the Opisthobranch fauna of the Wakatob= i Marine National Park. A year's worth of data has already been collected from the area and 170 species recorded. An outline for a paper which it is proposed to produce by April 2000 on the Opisthobranch fauna is enclosed. =B7 to complete surveys of the Chaetodontid species around the National Park. =B7 to compete surveys of the anemone fish and their host species around th= e National Park. =B7 to continue compiling species lists and photographs for species in various groups (eg sponges, tunicates, other fish groups). Groups of volunteers (mostly final year undergraduates or MSc students) will join the project over the contract period and will need to be trained to identify the particular target groups (eg 2 or 3 Opisthobranch families) being studied at the time of their visit. The marine scientist will have to run a training programme and test the volunteers and once they are competent enable them to participate in distributional, abundance and other surveys for the study group. At the end of each week the target group being studied will change to a new group (eg butterflyfish) so that volunteers at the marine base will help survey a range of different organisms during their stay. Surveys will be conducted partly by diving and partly by snorkelling and during July and August a dive ship (sleeps 15) will be available to take groups of volunteers on expeditions to more remote parts of the archipelago. The Marine Scientist will be based on Hoga island in the Wakatobi Marine National Park and will have the support of two Assistant Scientists during the busy part of the season (June - September). The diving safety will be looked after by Dive Instructors and the operation of the expedition base, maintenance of equipment, management of local staff, etc will be carried out by the Expedition Manager. At busy times of year there will also be a photographer on site to record the species being studied and organise photographic development. The duties of the Marine Scientist would be: =B7 To agree the work programme for the 1999 marine species survey on Hoga with the Operation Wallacea Project Director before commencement of the surveys. =B7 To organise and direct the marine species surveys in Indonesia for Operation Wallacea =B7 To train new volunteer divers in how to identify the target groups for study and provide assistance to them with the survey work. =B7 To give background lectures on Indo Pacific coral reef eco-systems and their conservation to volunteer groups. =B7 To ensure that species data are recorded accurately by organising quality control checks on the volunteer-gathered data. =B7 To liaise with students preparing research papers on the Opisthobranch, Chaeotodontid and Serranid fauna of the Wakatobi for later publication. =B7 To carry out such other duties on Operation Wallacea as may be required from time to time to ensure the efficient operation of the project. If you do know of anyone who might be interested I would be grateful if you would get them to complete the enclosed questionnaire and return it to me (e-mail: tcoles at ecosurveys.win-uk.net) by 24 March 1999. Thanks for your help. Dr Tim Coles Project Director Application for Marine Scientist contract with Operation Wallacea May - October 1999 to be based in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, Sulawesi Please complete the following questions using as much space as you require and return to by 24 March 1999. Name: Address: Tel: Fax: e-mail: Academic qualifications and Universities attended: Relevant posts held and current job/contract: Relevant publications: What experience do you have in studying Opisthobranchs?: What experience do you have in studying Chaetodontids?: What experience do you have in studying anemone fish?: Describe any relevant experience in the identification of other coral reef groups of organisms: Describe any relevant experience you have in training groups of University students: Describe any lecturing experience you have: Dive qualifications: Number of dives: Do you have any health problems that would affect diving or other medical conditions?: Do you have any special food requirements?: Describe any experience you have in underwater photography and/or photo development: Describe any relevant expedition experience you have: What languages do you speak (indicate level of competence)?: Please note we are looking for an experienced marine biologist with good presentational skills. The post will be remunerated depending on the level of experience of the successful candidate. Please indicate the level of remuneration you would expect to undertake this contract. Please supply the name and contact details for two referees. From delbeek at hawaii.edu Mon Mar 8 17:00:48 1999 From: delbeek at hawaii.edu (J. Charles Delbeek) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:00:48 -1000 Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems In-Reply-To: Message-ID: On Mon, 8 Mar 1999, Donald Potts wrote: I am not sure, but here in Hawaii we have more than our fair share of introdcued species, both aquatic and terrestrial, I know there are concerns about some of the introduced snapper species J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc. Aquarium Biologist Waikiki Aquarium University of Hawaii "The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end." Mr. Spock From delbeek at hawaii.edu Mon Mar 8 17:12:30 1999 From: delbeek at hawaii.edu (J. Charles Delbeek) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:12:30 -1000 Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems In-Reply-To: <199903082024.PAA24491@bio.bu.edu> Message-ID: On Mon, 8 Mar 1999, Les Kaufman wrote: > 3. Fish introductions in coral reef systems are not unknown, but their > effects are not well known. The classic example is the introduction of > Cephalophalis argus (and three other species) to Hawaiian waters. Jack > Randall is the expert on that. C. argus is now an abundant fish in some > places, and you have to suspect that the introduction of a small grouper to > a reef system that formerly lacked any such creature has to have some > interesting effects. > Of greater concern has been the bluestripe snapper Lutajanus kasmira that was introduced to Hawaii in 1958 against the advice of Jack Randall. It is now believed that this species may be impacting kona crab populations and deepwater snapper, opakapaka. > 5. Aquarists or aquarium fish collectors have tried to introduce valuable > Indo-Pacific species to Kaneohoe Bay. For example, several lemonpeel > angelfish were known in the bay for a while, though I don't think they > established and I have not seen them around. Talk to Chris Brown at HIMB > about the aquarium trade. They are still there, along with Christmas Island flame angels and Koran angels. J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc. Aquarium Biologist Waikiki Aquarium University of Hawaii "The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end." Mr. Spock From epcoria at tlali.iztacala.unam.mx Mon Mar 8 18:28:59 1999 From: epcoria at tlali.iztacala.unam.mx (Palacios Coria Eduardo (st)) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 17:28:59 -0600 (CST) Subject: Requesting advise Message-ID: To All Coral People Let me introduce myself. Nowadays I`m studying biology at the National University of Mexico with a major in marine biology. I`m performing a bachelor dissertation on Acropora palmata recruitment and partial mortality rates at the Veracruz Reef System (VRS), Gulf of Mexico. This species is very important because it is a major reef-building species that grows fast at windward reef slope. I would like to know, the actual condition of the VRS, specially at Isla Verde reef, 9 km. off the Veracruzs Port, considering the status of the A. palmata population. It is well known that some 20 or 25 years ago its abundance was high, but not at present. Recruitment will be measured as the number of colonies (<2 cm) per area unit, using 25x25 xm sampling quadrats. Partial mortality will be considered as the proportion of the population affected by some degree of tissue necrosis. Coral density will be measured by line transects, an on each colony that interceps the line the percentage of tissue necrosis will be estimated. With this data I will determine if population is in the process of recovering or if it continues environmentally threatened. My hipothesis is that if the population is healthy the recruitment index will be high and partial mortality low. As Isla Verde is a platform-type reef, with a well developed slope in all directions, the sampling design include 4 sampling stations at NW, NE, SW and SE reefs slopes at 1-7 m depth (the depth of higher bottom abundance and coverage of A. palmata). I would appreciate any suggestion on this issue. What`s your opinion about this? Does the hypothesis will work? Any comments on the methodology? Thanks in advance for your kindly answer. Please reply directly to me Xochitl Coromoto Gonzalez Arteaga Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico epcoria at tlali.iztacala.unam.mx @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Eduardo Palacios Coria UNAM - Iztacala UBIPRO Laboratorio de Biogeoquimica Av. de los Barrios s/n Los Reyes Iztacala Tlalnepantla, Mexico 054090 Tel. 623 - 11 - 32 Fax: 623 - 12 - 25 @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ From NOAA's.Coral.Health.and.Monitoring.Program at aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar 9 08:17:22 1999 From: NOAA's.Coral.Health.and.Monitoring.Program at aoml.noaa.gov (NOAA's.Coral.Health.and.Monitoring.Program at aoml.noaa.gov) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 13:17:22 GMT Subject: New literature list Message-ID: <199903091317.NAA08348@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Greetings, It is our pleasure to announce that Eric Borneman has graciously given us his list of over 1100 coral reef literature references to list on the CHAMP Home Page at http://www.coral.noaa.gov (click on "Literature"). If you have any questions or comments concerning the list, please contact Eric at Sclerite at aol.com. Take care... From eakin at ogp.noaa.gov Tue Mar 9 09:43:03 1999 From: eakin at ogp.noaa.gov (Mark Eakin) Date: 9 Mar 1999 09:43:03 U Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems Message-ID: Reply to: RE>non-indigenous species in reef systems Phil, For the most part, I think you are right. Most reef systems have not been invaded by exotics in the normal sense of the word. Of course, the bug that wiped out Diadema was most probably an exotic pathogen, with much evidence pointing to transmission by ships. However, we are accustomed to this mode of disease transmission. There are some exceptions in Hawaii, though. I just retruned from there and an exotic macroalga is becoming a major problem in Kaneohe Bay. I think that reef systems have just been lucky so far. Cheers, Mark -------------------------------------- Date: 3/8/99 09:18 To: Mark Eakin From: Taylor, Phillip R Looking for some quick responses to a simple query. Please respond directly to me. My own sense as a coral reef ecologist is that the issue of environmental perturbations due to non-indigenous, or "invasive" species is not in the front line of environmental problems in reef systems. Is there any evidence that this impression is way off base. Thanks for any input, Phil Taylor **************************************** Phillip R. Taylor, Director Biological Oceanography Program Division of Ocean Sciences National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Blvd., Suite 725 Arlington, Virginia, USA 22230 703-306-1587, fax: 703-306-0390 prtaylor at nsf.gov ------------------ RFC822 Header Follows ------------------ Received: by ogp.noaa.gov with ADMIN;8 Mar 1999 09:16:53 U Received: by coral.aoml.noaa.gov (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI) for coral-list-outgoing id MAA01000; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 12:36:52 GMT Received: from gamma.nsf.gov by coral.aoml.noaa.gov via ESMTP (980427.SGI.8.8.8/930416.SGI) for id HAA00996; Mon, 8 Mar 1999 07:36:39 -0500 (EST) Received: by gamma.nsf.gov; id MAA10681; Sun, 7 Mar 1999 12:15:49 -0500 (EST) Received: from nsfmail03.nsf.gov( 128.150.5.34) by gamma.nsf.gov via smap (3.2) id xma010658; Sun, 7 Mar 99 12:15:31 -0500 Received: by nsfmail03.nsf.gov with Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) id ; Sun, 7 Mar 1999 12:15:16 -0500 Message-ID: <97B143F7B54DD211845600A0C9D60E88FEA5A1 at nsfmail03.nsf.gov> From: "Taylor, Phillip R" To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 12:15:16 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2448.0) Content-Type: text/plain Sender: owner-coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov Precedence: bulk Reply-To: "Taylor, Phillip R" From buddrw at kgs.ukans.edu Tue Mar 9 11:58:29 1999 From: buddrw at kgs.ukans.edu (Bob Buddemeier) Date: Tue, 09 Mar 1999 10:58:29 -0600 Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems Message-ID: <199903092013.UAA11032@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Let's be careful about interacting variables and proximate vs. ultimate causes. I would suggest that macroalgae are pretty much macroalgae, whether endogenous or exogenous. There may be a few remote or depauperate areas (Hawaii might fit the description) that have hitherto lacked an effective macroalga, but for the most part I would guess that the primary problem is the environmental change that makes the calcifying community more vulnerable to algal competition, not the presence/absence of specific algae. Same for the disease issue -- the diseases may be new, or newly introduced, or simply much more virulent in their effect on a weakened population. Since we have a lot of independent evidence that the populations are weakened, the last is the most parsimonious solution. The reefs don't have to be lucky if they are adapted to their environment; what's unlucky is that precipitous environmental change is changing the rules more rapidly than they can cope with. Impacts of introduced species are more likely to be symptoms than part of the primary insult. Bob -- Dr. Robert W. Buddemeier Senior Scientist, Geohydrology Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas 1930 Constant Ave. Lawrence, KS 66047 ph (785) 864-3965 fax (785) 864-5317 buddrw at kgs.ukans.edu http://ghsun2.kgs.ukans.edu/staff/buddemeier.html From serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu Tue Mar 9 11:42:52 1999 From: serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu (Serge Andrefouet) Date: Tue, 09 Mar 1999 11:42:52 -0500 Subject: Landsat LTAP Message-ID: <199903092013.UAA10990@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Hello everybody, If you are interested by submitting a reef project using remote sensing for the LTAP list, please do it before tomorrow! The final LTAP reef-list will be transmitted to the Landsat team wednesday 10 March in late afternoon. If you have submitted a project, do you agree that it appears in the final presentation that I will sent on this list next week? By default, I assume you agree. If you do not, whatever your reasons, just tell me. Bye Serge Serge Andrefouet Department of Marine Science Remote Sensing/ Biological Oceanography University of South Florida 140, 7th Av. South St Petersburg FL 33701 phone: (727) 553-1186 fax: (727) 553-1103 E-mail: serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu From fpl10 at calva.net Tue Mar 9 15:58:23 1999 From: fpl10 at calva.net (Fabrice POIRAUD-LAMBERT) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 21:58:23 +0100 (MET) Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems Message-ID: Hi, And what about Corals ? Rgds FPL --- A (At) 15:38 8/03/99, Les Kaufman ecrivait (wrote): >Phil, there are some invasive species problems in coral reef systems that >are potentially very serious. > >1. The introduction of exotic Euchema and other algae for the carageenan >and agar industries. These have significantly altered the ecology of >Kaneohoe Bay, for example. HIMB folks have data. They are also working on >Dictyosphaeria cavernosa but I presume that this was native, and just took >off with eutrophication. > >2. Shrimp aquaculture is resulting in the worldwide spread of both decapod >pathogens and non-indigenous penaeids. Whether this is a coral reef issue >or not is still an open question. I have a student doing a senior thesis >on the potential impacts of shrimp aquaculture in Oman, and she is in touch >with various people looking at these issues. Dana Meadows at Dartmouth is >one of them, and a good contact. > >3. Fish introductions in coral reef systems are not unknown, but their >effects are not well known. The classic example is the introduction of >Cephalophalis argus (and three other species) to Hawaiian waters. Jack >Randall is the expert on that. C. argus is now an abundant fish in some >places, and you have to suspect that the introduction of a small grouper to >a reef system that formerly lacked any such creature has to have some >interesting effects. > >4. The escape of a domesticated form of Caulerpa taxifolia in the >Mediterannean has serious implications for coral reef habitats as well. >Jim Carlton knows who to get in touch with about this, I think. > >5. Aquarists or aquarium fish collectors have tried to introduce valuable >Indo-Pacific species to Kaneohoe Bay. For example, several lemonpeel >angelfish were known in the bay for a while, though I don't think they >established and I have not seen them around. Talk to Chris Brown at HIMB >about the aquarium trade. > >6. Aquaculture of marine aquarium fishes is on the edge of becoming a >profitable, transportable business. Clownfishes are being reared in large >numbers in the Caribbean, for example. It is unlikely that they in >particular would naturalize in the Caribbean, but not impossible. As >mariculture spreads, there are serious issues we need to consider...all of >the usual ones. > >Phil, these are off the top of my head. For what it's worth, I ended my >paper at the recent international meeting on marine bioinvasions (my paper >was about Lake Victoria), with slides of Euchema and C. argus in Hawaii. I >draw analogies between Euchema and water hyacinth, and C. argus and Lates. >Those in the audience who noticed said that they really enjoyed the Lake >Vic data but thought the coda was a reach. I disaggree. I think that what >we learned from Lake Vic should be kept in mind in nearshore marine >tropical waters, and that this will become a real issue as mariculture >becomes more prevalent. > >Hope that is of use. > >Les Kaufman >Boston University Marine Program >Department of Biology >Boston University >5 Cummington Street >Boston, MA 02215 > >e-mail: lesk at bio.bu.edu >phone: 617-353-5560 >fax: 617-353-6340 > > > Ex Africa semper aliquid novi. >"There is always something new out of Africa." > - Pliny the Elder From Brooke at HBOI.edu Tue Mar 9 17:56:04 1999 From: Brooke at HBOI.edu (Sandra Brooke) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 17:56:04 -0500 Subject: Oculina query Message-ID: <705E975A40BED211949800105A1C2F4C0D3C5F@SAILFISH> Dear list members, I am a humble PhD student at Harbor Branch Oceanographic Inst. In Florida. I have just started working with Oculina varicosa, and am finding very little information on this, or any of the other extant Oculina species. If anyone out there has any input, or is working with any of the Oculinidae, I would appreciate any input. Many thanks in advance, Sandra Brooke From lesk at bio.bu.edu Tue Mar 9 20:01:05 1999 From: lesk at bio.bu.edu (Les Kaufman) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 20:01:05 -0500 (EST) Subject: non-indigenous species in reef systems In-Reply-To: Message-ID: The only introduction of corals I know of was unsuccessful. I guess it is okay to say it now. We had a bunch of Heliofungia that Tom Goreau had collected ages ago that were sort of pets at the Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory. They were eventually placed out on the reef and we followed them for a while. Not only are they gone now, in many respects, so is the reef! Les Kaufman Boston University Marine Program lesk at bio.bu.edu 617-353-5560 office 617-353-6965 lab 617-353-6340 fax From hendee at aoml.noaa.gov Wed Mar 10 07:46:06 1999 From: hendee at aoml.noaa.gov (Jim Hendee) Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 07:46:06 -0500 (EST) Subject: NOAA installs coral reef navigation aids Message-ID: There is an interesting article on navigational aids recently installed along the Florida Keys to protect the coral reefs from ship groundings. The URL is: http://www.cnn.com/NATURE/9903/09/reef.beacons.enn/index.html Cheers, JCH From iclarm at caribsurf.com Wed Mar 10 18:44:19 1999 From: iclarm at caribsurf.com (ICLARM CEPO) Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 19:44:19 -0400 Subject: Reef Encounter 25 Call for Contributions Message-ID: <199903102345.TAA09632@mail1.caribsurf.com> REEF ENCOUNTER No. 25 NEWSLETTER OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR REEF STUDIES CALL FOR CONTRIBUTIONS Dear all, We are currently looking for articles for the next issue of Reef Encounter. We would welcome contributions from a few hundred words to a couple of pages on any aspect of reef studies, including news, comments, short reviews (but not original scientific data) and especially illustrations/cartoons. This issue we are particularly looking for coral and or geological articles. Our deadline is 1st May and text sent by email ( to iclarm at caribsurf.com) is strongly preferred. You can also send illustrations (and text if desired) to the NEW ADDRESS at the end of this message. If you are interested in joining the International Society for Reef Studies and receiving Reef Encounter please contact Richard Aronson at raronson at jaguar1.usouthal.edu Thanks, Maggie, Kristian and David ____________________________________________ ICLARM Caribbean/Eastern Pacific Office, Suite 158, Inland Messenger Service, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands. Tel.:1-284-495 1291 (office hours) or 1-284-496 6055 (mobile - any time) Fax: 1-284-494 2670 e-mail: iclarm at caribsurf.com ============================================ From lesk at bio.bu.edu Wed Mar 10 23:19:27 1999 From: lesk at bio.bu.edu (Les Kaufman) Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 23:19:27 -0500 (EST) Subject: "introduced" corals Message-ID: I feel that my recollection of Heliofungia in Discovery Bay may have been indiscretionate, and wish to apologize to my colleagues. More important, however, I am reminded that these few individual corals were deliberately removed from the reef long before the character of the reef underwent the profound shift to its current condition. Les Kaufman Boston University Marine Program lesk at bio.bu.edu 617-353-5560 office 617-353-6965 lab 617-353-6340 fax From aiptasia at usa.net Thu Mar 11 12:30:21 1999 From: aiptasia at usa.net (aiptasia) Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 17:30:21 +0000 Subject: 5th IAC 2000 Message-ID: <36E7FDA8.DB9605B5@usa.net> Hello, The Mus?e oc?anographique de Monaco organizes the 5 th International Aquarium Congress in november, 2000. You will find more information in this mail. Cheers, Aiptasia More information: 5 th International Aquarium Congress Monaco, November 20-25, 2000 First announcement The First International Aquarium Congress, held in Monaco in 1960, has become a key event in Aquariology, by defining the first basic principles of a modern scientific discipline. Subsequently, the meetings of Monaco in 1988, Boston in 1993 and Tokyo in 1996 led to further specifying the role of aquariums and measuring the extent of their scientific, technical and educational development. At the last plenary meeting at the 4th International Congress in Tokyo, the Oceanographic Museum of Monaco was chosen to organize the next congress in the year 2000. Thus, the 5th International Aquarium Congress will take place in Monaco from November 20 to 25, 2000, under the High Patronage of H.S.H. Prince Rainier III of Monaco. We hope you will honor us by participating in this important event. We strongly feel that you, as a specialist or professional involved with public aquariums on all levels, or as a scientist working in a research centre or in a fish farm, can surely contribute to this undertaking by presenting the results of your work or participating in the discussions with the representatives of the profession from all over the world brought together on this occasion. After consultation with the members of the Scientific Committee, the general theme for the 5th IAC around which we would like to structure the discussion with all the participants will be: ?The aquarium, a new link between Man and Nature in the search for authenticity? We are convinced that the 5th International Aquarium Congress will open new opportunities for Aquariology in the 21st century and we count very much on your active participation and collaboration. Registration and information: 5th IAC 2000 Dr. Nadia Ouna?s Mus?e oc?anographique MC-98000 MONACO Phone: +377 93 153 600 Fax: +377 93 505 297 E-mail: iac2000monaco at meditnet.com From sccs at ccpc.net Sun Mar 14 08:59:03 1999 From: sccs at ccpc.net (Dr. Sascha C.C. Steiner) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 08:59:03 -0500 Subject: ITME New Web Address Message-ID: <36EBC0A7.4294@ccpc.net> Please note that the Institute for Tropical Marine Ecology (ITME) has a new web address at . Previously maintained web pages will remain in use for another year. ITME offers under-graduate/graduate marine science programs at its field station in Dominica, Eastern Caribbean. Researchers are welcome to use the facilties when courses are not in session. We are still struggling with "name recognition". Any assistance in "getting the word out", will greatly be appreciated. The application deadline for our 6-week Summer '99 course (Marine Resource Conservation) is April 30th. Sascha C.C. Steiner, Ph.D. President, CEO Institute for Tropical Marine Ecology ITME Worcester, NY 12197-0430, U.S.A. (607) 397 9796 admin at itme.org http://www.itme.org From MR-T at wpo.nerc.ac.uk Mon Mar 15 10:24:29 1999 From: MR-T at wpo.nerc.ac.uk (Murray Roberts) Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 15:24:29 +0000 Subject: Microbial Aquatic Symbiosis Conference Message-ID: An embedded and charset-unspecified text was scrubbed... Name: not available Url: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/19990315/82c99a4b/attachment.pl From tsocci at usgcrp.gov Mon Mar 15 16:35:18 1999 From: tsocci at usgcrp.gov (Tony Socci) Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 16:35:18 -0500 Subject: March 18th Global Change Seminar: "Projected Ecosystem Changes for the United States Under a Climate Warming" Message-ID: U.S. Global Change Research Program Seminar Series Projected Ecosystem Changes for the United States Under a Climate Warming What are the projected changes in ecosystems within the United States resulting from a climate warming resulting from a doubling of the concentration of CO-2 in the atmosphere? Which ecosystems appear to prosper and which ecosystems appear to be negatively impacted under such a climate warming? Which regions of the United States are more likely to witness dramatic ecosystem changes, with significant social and economic consequences? How much uncertainty/confidence is there in the various ecosystem model results? Public Invited Thursday, March 18, 1999, 3:15-4:45 PM Dirksen Senate Office Bldg., Room G-11 Washington, DC Reception Following INTRODUCTION: Dr. Margot Anderson, Head of the Global Change Program Office, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC SPEAKER: Dr. Ronald P. Neilson, US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Corvallis, OR Overview The potential for future global warming has focused on two fundamental questions regarding the role of the terrestrial biosphere. Will the biosphere exacerbate a general climate warming or will the biosphere exert a cooling influence under a general climate warming? What might be the ecological, environmental and socio-economic impacts of climate change? The former question commands much attention and addresses issues of water, energy, and carbon exchange between the atmosphere and the biosphere. The latter question is the focus of an ongoing, federally sponsored assessment activity for the U.S., and will be the primary focus of this seminar. This analysis of ecosystem changes in the U.S., under a general climate warming at a doubling of CO-2, employs the MAPSS (a vegetation distribution and hydrology model) and DGVM (Dynamic Global Vegetation Model) models. These models are integrated using climate output from six different General Circulation Models (GCMs) in order to examine the potential biotic responses of terrestrial ecosystems and water resources over the conterminous U.S. Because of natural variations and because of uncertainties in projections of climate change, GCMs produce a wide variety of possible future climates on the regional scale, creating a range of uncertainty and confidence regarding possible impacts. By considering this range of scenarios, however, one can gain insight into the changes that are most likely. These six scenarios address the following questions: Are there any consistent responses at regional scales within the U.S. across all six model scenarios? Are there clues to possible impacts on biological diversity and vegetation migration? Are there important interactions between vegetation responses and available water resources within different regions? Might there be changes in regional disturbance patterns, notably droughts, floods, and wildfires? Are there possibilities for enhanced carbon sequestration within U.S. ecosystems? Model Output Significant insights into likely ecosystem changes can be gained by isolating or highlighting regions that display consistent, parallel responses in all six model scenarios, in contrast to regions where responses are significantly different from model to model. However, analyses of results in those regions of the U.S. for which there are less consistent model results from model to model, can show complexities that may emerge along the complex future trajectory of change. Biodiversity and the Distribution of Vegetation Model results to date suggest that the prevalence of forests of mixed conifers and hardwoods of the northeastern U.S. could shift into Canada and decrease in area in the U.S. The occurrence of cool maple-beech-birch forests also decreases in most scenarios, but increases in area in a few scenarios. Oak-hickory forests decline in area under all but one scenario. Some of the model-based declines in forest area are induced by drought-stress with some increase in fire disturbance. In the southeastern U.S., mixed pines and hardwoods increase in area under most scenarios, but largely due to a shift northward, displacing current oak-hickory forests. In the scenarios with the largest changes, models suggest the possibility of significant drought-induced forest dieback in the southeastern U.S., with conversion of land cover to savanna and grassland. However, under the scenarios with only small amounts of warming, the southeastern forests could see increased growth. In the west, many high-elevation forests shift off the top of the mountains, with possible species losses. In the northwest, the distribution and movement of Douglas fir is somewhat unclear, exhibiting an increase under a moderate warming, and a decrease under still warmer climate conditions. As temperatures increase, the coastal area now occupied by spruce-hemlock-redwood could extend into regions now occupied by Douglas fir, while the fir trees shift elsewhere. The southwestern U.S. is a hotspot of diversity, much of which could 'invade' the Great Basin. Saguaro cactus, for example, could shift dramatically north through the Great Basin, possibly as far as eastern Washington. Such a vegetation shift in the Western interior region could have significant implications with regard to existing plant communities and wildlife habitats, which could be compressed in area or displaced upslope. Fire Disturbance Fire frequency could increase over large areas of the country, in some cases due to increased drought stress (e.g., in the Great Lakes region and forested areas of the Southeast and Northwest), and in other cases due to increased fuel loads from excess moisture. Coupled with occasional drying from El Nino-La Nina oscillations, fire potential in the interior West and the California woodlands and forests may increase. Although there could be a significant trend toward mid-continent soil drying with reduced average runoff, year-to-year climate oscillations could bring both floods and droughts to the region. Much of the West, especially the Northwest, could experience large increases in annual runoff, possibly resulting in increased winter/spring flooding and landslides. Productivity of Vegetation Overall productivity could increase over large areas of the U.S. due to longer growing seasons, CO-2 fertilization, and in some cases, more favorable water conditions. This may be the case over much of the west and, paradoxically, much of the Great Plains. It might be feasible under some scenarios, to grow more trees in the Great Plains, allowing more sequestration of carbon. However, the potential for carbon sequestration must be considered in the context of available water resources. Water Resources Vegetation dynamics are tightly coupled with hydrologic processes. From the perspective of the six different climate scenarios used, average annual runoff could decrease over most of the continental interior, including the Great Plains and the southeastern U.S. However, there is a broad range of possible outcomes among the six model scenarios, creating significant uncertainty in the risks that may arise. Runoff could increase in the vicinity of the Great Lakes, New England and the mid-Atlantic regions due to a reduction of vegetation (drought and fire-induced). The Ohio and Tennessee valleys lie between regions of decreased moisture in the southeastern U.S., and regions of increased moisture in the northern U.S. and, therefore, the prospects are uncertain. The entire Mississippi drainage could see a decrease in annual runoff by as much as 18%, averaged across all six model scenarios (with a range of +2% to -40%). Implications for shipping, irrigation, and domestic water uses would be profound. The Northwest, California, and the Great Basin could see large increases in runoff, primarily in winter, with the possibility of serious flooding. In areas with considerable summer rainfall, that is, east of the Rockies and in the Southwest, changes in vegetation and runoff tend to be opposite (i.e., decreased vegetation is associated with increased runoff, and increased vegetation is associated with decreased runoff). Summer rains provide considerable input to both streams and vegetation. If there is less vegetation, there is more runoff and vice versa. In areas with high winter rainfall, but dry summers, the runoff-vegetation relationship is quite complex. In addition, both vegetation and runoff can increase in the West. Runoff in the West is largely snowmelt dominated, and under a global warming scenario, generally increases in the winter. Under a moderate warming, there is still sufficient soil moisture recharge such that, with a longer growing season, forest growth may be enhanced. However, with an even more pronounced climate warming, runoff is still likely to increase, but forests may likely experience drought-induced dieback due to the stress of summertime warming. Timing: Getting from Here to There The trajectory of change from the present through the 21st Century could be very complex, especially in regions of apparently high uncertainty (i.e., regions dominated by complex interactions and feedbacks). At least one hypothesis emerges when examining impacts from all six of the possible future climate scenarios. Early in any future global warming, while temperature increases are still relatively modest, forests may be more productive and their uptake and storage of carbon may increase (due in part, to CO-2 fertilization). However, as temperatures continue to increase, the CO-2 effect may be overwhelmed by exponential increases in evapotranspiration. In this latter case, there could be a threshold response resulting in a shift from increased productivity to a rapid, drought-induced dieback, resulting in a release of carbon back to the atmosphere, with climate implications. Areas potentially susceptible to this are the Pacific Northwest and the Southeast. Possible Coping Strategies and Opportunities Seasonal dynamics of water and vegetation, as well as the total abundance of water and vegetation, will clearly change under a global warming. Even if the amount of carbon stored remains about the same, or increases over the nation as a whole, the regional distribution of vegetation/ecosystems will change. Some areas will see an increase in vegetation while others will will see losses. These changes could result in localized pressures on the economy and the environment, and will likely require significant and strategic management. For example, if forests over large areas begin to undergo drought stress, it might be prudent to 'trim the wick,' that is, to exert some manner of density control in order to save trees and to conserve water in streams. Over large areas of the country the nation's need for water resources may be in sharp competition with the water requirements of ecosystems. Planting more trees may result in less available water for irrigation, commerce, and domestic uses. A possible alternative is to use the landscape as a 'carbon pump,' moving wood from rapidly growing forests, over short rotations, into long-lived forest products. Ultimately, given the current model uncertainties, development of a set of contingency plans might be one of many reasonable approaches to resource management in the future. Monitoring stations might be deployed and designed to serve as an early warning system of ecosystem changes, while research and modeling might assist in exploring and evaluating alternative management options. Biography Dr. Ronald P. Neilson is a bioclimatologist with the USDA Forest Service and an Adjunct Professor with Oregon State University. His research for the past 25 years has focused on understanding the mechanisms that govern the distribution and function of vegetation as they relate to climate at scales ranging from local to global. He is the designer/creator of the MAPSS vegetation distribution model. Dr. Neilson and his colleagues have conducted a number of assessments of the impacts of climate change. He was a chief scientist involved in coordinating a report to Congress from the EPA on the impacts of climate change (1990). In addition, the MAPSS model has been used in various IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) assessments. Dr. Neilson was nominated as the lead author for the section on the forests of North America for a special IPCC report, "The Regional Impacts of Climate Change." He was also the convening lead author of an Annex to the above report that described possible vegetation changes for the entire world. Dr. Neilson is currently on the forest sector assessment team of the National Assessment being conducted by the USGCRP. Dr. Neilson has published numerous, peer-reviewed articles in a number of scientific journals, and he is a member of seven professional scientific societies. He is a recipient of the Ecological Society of America's W.S. Cooper Award for excellence in Physiographic Ecology. Dr. Neilson received his Ph.D. from the University of Utah in 1981. Acknowledgments: The work presented in this seminar is derived in part, from papers published in "Global Change Biology", "Global Biogeochemical Cycles" and "Northwest Science", with Raymond J. Drapek, James M. Lenihan, Dominique Bachelet, Christopher Daly and VEMAP participants. The Next Seminar is scheduled for Tuesday, April 20, 1999 Tentative Topic: Arctic Sea-Ice Thinning: Observations, Possible Causes, and Implications For more information please contact: Anthony D. Socci, Ph.D., U.S. Global Change Research Program Office, 400 Virginia Ave. SW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20024; Telephone: (202) 314-2235; Fax: (202) 488-8681 E-Mail: TSOCCI at USGCRP.GOV. Additional information on the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) and this Seminar Series is available on the USGCRP Home Page at: http://www.usgcrp.gov. A complete archive of seminar summaries can also be found at this site. Normally these seminars are held on the second Monday of each month. From bayu at bengkulu.wasantara.net.id Mon Mar 15 19:14:22 1999 From: bayu at bengkulu.wasantara.net.id (Bayu Ludvianto) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 07:14:22 +0700 Subject: Workshop on Ecolabeling Indonesia Marine Product Message-ID: <007501be6f44$3465d220$bb4a9fca@bayu> Dear Coral-Listers I would like to draw your attention to a workshop run by Indonesia Ecolabeling Institute, and will be will be held in Jakarta, Indonesia. The workshop is planned as a preliminary step toward designing a certification system for marine food and aquarium products. The objective of the workshop are to take inventory of existing initiatives and to gather stakeholders? inputs on ideas, concerns and views toward certification initiative. If you would like to have more information, please contact the organizer: The Indonesian Ecolabeling Institute (E-mail Address: leibogor at indo.net.id or lei at indo.net.id ) Cheers>>>>>bayu -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/19990316/3bce0193/attachment.html From coralcay at mozcom.com Mon Mar 15 20:14:07 1999 From: coralcay at mozcom.com (Coral Cay Conservation - Philippine Expeditions) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 09:14:07 +0800 Subject: Philippines- Coral spawning - request for information. Message-ID: <3.0.32.19990316091402.00723b44@mozcom.com> Dear All, I am wondering if any one might be able to give me some more information regarding coral spawning in the Philippines. Currently all I know is that it is in April around the full moon(although I have heard a report witnessing a small spawn in February 1996). I would appreciate any further information to the above address coralcay at mozcom.com FAO Gillian Goby. Cheers, Gillian Goby Project Scientsist (Coral Cay Conservation) Negros Occidental, Philippines. From Marines at kznncs.org.za Mon Mar 15 05:41:03 1999 From: Marines at kznncs.org.za (Marine Section) Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 12:41:03 +0200 Subject: Bali conference Message-ID: <199903161942.TAA03449@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Please could someone sene me information on the upcoming international = coral reef conference in Bali in October 2000? I would appreciate information on registration costs, accommodation costs = and an email address for the organisers. Thanks Bridget KZN Nature Conservation Service Private Bag X3 congella Durban 4013 South Africa From habari at caribsurf.com Sun Mar 14 15:08:47 1999 From: habari at caribsurf.com (Maggie Watson) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 16:08:47 -0400 Subject: Are paper parks useful? Message-ID: <199903161940.TAA03395@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> At a recent meeting on protected areas in the Caribbean 'paper parks' came up for discussion. Some considered them worse than useless - giving a false sense of security and generating a feeling that action had been taken. Others said they were a useful precursor and a necessary step in the slow moving progression towards effective protection. I'd be interested in hearing other people's views, particularly if you have examples or case studies. Please reply to me directly. Thanks, Maggie Watson From jch at aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar 16 15:27:53 1999 From: jch at aoml.noaa.gov (NOAA's CHAMP) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 20:27:53 GMT Subject: New Coral Calendar of Events Message-ID: <199903162027.UAA03681@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Greetings! For the time being, we have set up a calendar of coral-related events for those who are interested in attending or keeping abreast of them. This should be considered a temporary calendar, but it will do for now. I say temporary because we are using Yahoo, Inc.'s Calendar system, but we hope to replace it with a NOAA sponsored one in the future. The Yahoo Calendar has commercial advertisements at the top which is after all understandable since they offer this service for free. Note that you can view the events list by Day, Week, Month, or Year. If you click on a specific event, you will get more information about it, generally an email contact or a Web address. You will note that there are only two events on it so far! One is for April 14, 1999 (the National Coral Reef Institute), and one for October 7, 2000 (the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium). If you have any events that you think are of global, national or regional interest (e.g., U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network, etc.) that are suitable for this calendar, please send a message to jch at coral.aoml.noaa.gov. It would be helpful if you put CALENDAR EVENT in the subject heading. I know what you may be thinking--you might be on the other side of the globe and the International Date Line, so the dates and times might be different. Therefore, I have set it up so that it is for the LOCAL day and time. The URL for the coral_list (note that I had to use the underscore because a dash wouldn't work) calendar is, http://calendar.yahoo.com/public/coral_list I hope this helps you get organized! Cheers, Jim Hendee coral-list administrator From jch at aoml.noaa.gov Tue Mar 16 20:32:39 1999 From: jch at aoml.noaa.gov (NOAA's CHAMP) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 01:32:39 GMT Subject: New Coral Calendar of Events Message-ID: <199903170132.BAA05169@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Regarding the calendar, I forgot to mention that if you want to post a meeting or calendar event, please send it in this format: --- Date and Time (local) Title of Event Short Description Email contact (if available) Web Page info --- This way I can more easily cut-and-paste into the calendar. Fictitious Example: --- 30 Mar 99, start 10:00am International Coral Berserko Soc. of International Coral Afficiondos meet to figure it all out. Email: contact at wherever.edu Web: http://www.beautiful-corals-everywhere.edu --- Cheers, JCH > Greetings! > > For the time being, we have set up a calendar of coral-related > events for those who are interested in attending or keeping abreast of > them. This should be considered a temporary calendar, but it will do for > now. I say temporary because we are using Yahoo, Inc.'s Calendar system, > but we hope to replace it with a NOAA sponsored one in the future. The > Yahoo Calendar has commercial advertisements at the top which is after all > understandable since they offer this service for free. Note that you can > view the events list by Day, Week, Month, or Year. If you click on a > specific event, you will get more information about it, generally an email > contact or a Web address. > > You will note that there are only two events on it so far! One is > for April 14, 1999 (the National Coral Reef Institute), and one for > October 7, 2000 (the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium). If you have > any events that you think are of global, national or regional interest > (e.g., U.S. Coral Reef Task Force, Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network, > etc.) that are suitable for this calendar, please send a message to > jch at coral.aoml.noaa.gov. It would be helpful if you put CALENDAR EVENT in > the subject heading. > > I know what you may be thinking--you might be on the other side of > the globe and the International Date Line, so the dates and times might be > different. Therefore, I have set it up so that it is for the LOCAL day > and time. > > The URL for the coral_list (note that I had to use the > underscore because a dash wouldn't work) calendar is, > > > http://calendar.yahoo.com/public/coral_list > > > > I hope this helps you get organized! > > > Cheers, > > Jim Hendee > coral-list administrator > > > From DDanaher at DCCMC.ORG Tue Mar 16 17:46:26 1999 From: DDanaher at DCCMC.ORG (Deborah Danaher) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 17:46:26 -0500 Subject: Pacific Congress mtg info? Message-ID: <199903170136.BAA05197@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> This is more a request than submission of info, but I've been trying to get info on a meeting I saw advertised. Unfortunately, the link didn't lead to any contact info except for an email that no one responded from. I believe it's scheduled for July 1999 in Australia. Do you have any suggestions of where to get more info? A web search recently turned up nothing. Thanks! Deborah Danaher Expeditions Coordinator Center for Marine Conservation 1725 DeSales Street, NW #600 Washington, DC 20037 202-429-5609 ext.258 202-872-0619 fax ddanaher at dccmc.org http://www.cmc-ocean.org From Marines at kznncs.org.za Mon Mar 15 05:41:03 1999 From: Marines at kznncs.org.za (Marine Section) Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 12:41:03 +0200 Subject: Bali conference Message-ID: <199903161942.TAA03449@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Please could someone sene me information on the upcoming international = coral reef conference in Bali in October 2000? I would appreciate information on registration costs, accommodation costs = and an email address for the organisers. Thanks Bridget KZN Nature Conservation Service Private Bag X3 congella Durban 4013 South Africa From cnidaria at earthlink.net Wed Mar 17 07:39:45 1999 From: cnidaria at earthlink.net (James M. Cervino) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 07:39:45 -0500 Subject: Articles about reefs Message-ID: Dear Listers, This is a Web Site of the Dallas Morning News: they published an article about the state of the reefs http://www.dallasnews.com/discoveries-nf/disco119.htm Below is an artile published in the Sunday Times of London <><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>< March 14 1999 - - The Sunday Times of London Electrically charged frames are being used to create the limestone on which coral lives. Sean Hargrave reports ELECTRICITY is coming to the rescue of coral reefs. A novel idea of using an electric charge to build new reefs and help dying coral recover is being tested in the Maldives. But the technology could be used first 1,000 miles to the west in the Seychelles, where the government has applied to the World Bank for funds to pay for it. One in three fish lives on a coral reef, yet global warming and pollution is killing coral. As much as half of the world's coral may be dead or dying. A rise of just one degree Celsius above average temperatures is enough to kill a reef. The new approach relies on elementary chemistry. First scientists place a steel frame in the sea and pass an electric charge of one or two volts through it. The steel then carries a charge and has positive and negative terminals, just like a battery. The cathode terminal, which forms the bulk of the construction, makes the water around it slightly more alkaline. The anode makes the water slightly acidic but it is placed a couple of metres away from the main steel frame. Making the water around the frame more alkaline causes calcium carbonate particles in the sea to settle and form a limestone base. This is the perfect home for coral, which thrives on clean, fresh limestone. Tom Goreau of the Global Coral Reef Alliance (324 Bedford Road, Chappaqua, NY 914-238-8788 Fax: 914-238-8768) says the system brings an extra benefit to the coral. Usually much of the coral's energy goes into creating a slightly alkaline stream of water so it can feed. "We are effectively giving coral exactly what it wants, for free," he says. "We give it a good clean base to settle on and make sure it doesn't expend its energy turning the water alkaline. It's a really good environment to create growth, and it's based on giving a helping hand to a natural principle. "I cannot see that anybody can come up with a better solution because all other attempts rely on creating reefs out of rubber tyres or old bricks, but coral doesn't chose to live there. We are creating exactly the conditions coral needs." The limestone that forms the reef can be grown at a rate of between 1cm and 2cm a year. The voltage can be altered to speed up growth but this results in limestone that is too soft. Scientists using the technique in the Maldives have found it can promote coral growth of several centimetres a year once coral settles on the artificially created reef. The new technolgy is needed, says the GCRA, because there will hardly be any live coral left if something is not done to redress the damage caused by pollution and global warming. "If half the world's trees were disappearing there would be an uproar, but this is happening under water and so people aren't seeing it," says Goreau. "We have to act now to give a helping hand. Remember, once the reefs are gone many islands that are already suffering from erosion are going to be unprotected against the power of the sea. People forget that apart from playing home to one in four marine species, coral reefs also hold back the sea and protect islands. Without them island communities would be devastated." The original idea for the electric process came from a German architect, Wolf Hilbertz. He developed the idea so that limestone building materials could be made within steel meshes placed in the sea. This would provide a free source of materials and stop islanders raiding reefs for stone to build houses. Now that Goreau's team has proven the principle also works in creating and sustaining coral reefs, work with solar and turbine power has begun. These sustainable sources are preferred because they do not add to the pollution or global warming that are being blamed for the demise of coral. Goreau is encouraged by the Seychelles government's interest in the technology. However, the government of the Maldives, where nearly all the development work has taken place, has no plans to adopt it even though the island group has been hit more than any other by the death of coral. From serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu Thu Mar 18 10:55:23 1999 From: serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu (Serge Andrefouet) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 10:55:23 -0500 Subject: Landsat/LTAP Message-ID: <3.0.6.32.19990318105523.0080b4d0@carbon.marine.usf.edu> (Sorry for duplicate mails) Dear Reefsat colleagues: We have received about 70 replies to our call for input to the Landsat-7 Long-Term Acquisition Plan (LTAP) for coral reef coverage. The messages were basically of 3 types: 1) Active projects in mapping, coastal management and categorization of the reefs:in these projects remote sensing was already an identified tool for mapping, change detection analysis and comparisons. These projects are already in progress or will be launched very soon. 2) Planned near-term projects: few reefs were identified for new projects to be implemented around or after the year 2000. These projects have no clear plans to incorporate remote sensing. 3) Many people identified reefs of interest because of a special feature (high biodiversity, sensitive reefs because of human activities, sedimentation, etc.). These messages showed general interest in using remote sensing, but no specific projects were identified. Based on this input and on the queries, we conclude that: - many people are interested in remote sensing but are unaware of the potential benefits, limits, or how to handle imagery. They need technical advice and support. - nobody identified even one reef in all the area of Indonesia-Philipines-Malaysia-New Guinea-Papua New Guinea. Same is true for the West Coast of Africa, except Socotra island. Most of the requests were for Caribbean reefs, US, French or English reefs in the Pacific or the Indian Ocean. - We conclude that the reefs with the most important biological diversity are poorly studied, or rather that our call for input did not reach managers and investigators of these remote reefs. Offshore and isolated reefs still have a lower priority for the LANDSAT program. The bigger constraints in the selection of the sites are technical constraints, i.e. it is costly to turn the satellite on to acquire one image in the middle of the ocean. Routine acquisitions over coastal areas are planned within the existing LTAP, but this still is bound by a constraint of the numer of images to be taken globally by the US and the priority given to each Landsat acquisition (not all the land areas are taken all the time, and acquisitions ARE prioritized in a complex way). Because of these technical constraints, NASA will only target reefs that are the focus of active research. This choice is certainly not perfect because we had to judge according to the given information, the interest of the site (for other potential studies), the diversity in human-use and source of danger for reefs (sedimentation, aquaculture, fisheries, bleaching, ), the regional representativeness. We are at this stage unable to include projects from which we do not hear, but they could take advantage later of the existing images. Therefore, we have recommended to NASA that: -Projects in case 1 and some of case 2 above have high priority all year round (4-6 images per year). -Reefs that are identified as sites of potential or future projects be covered twice a year (each season). -All other reefs should be covered at least once a year, as possible. The LTAP was updated using the Reefbase inventory. We recommended that reefs identified in Reefbase should be (ideally) covered once a year. The highest priority projects that we have identified are listed below (without any hidden hierarchy) : Bahamas (Lee Stocking Island, COBOP project: more info at http://www.psicorp.com/cobop) Belize: barrier reefs and atolls: mapping, change detection, etc. Bermuda: Bermuda Biodiversity Project, habitat mapping. Comores Islands: change detection program. French Polynesia: (Tuamotu atoll lagoons) aquaculture activities and lagoonal phytoplanctonic blooms. French Polynesia: (Moorea island) change detection, community shifts. Japan, Ryukyu Islands. Kiribati (Christmas Island): mapping and change detection of cyanobacterial mats. Maldives: categorization of reefs, sensitivity to sea-level rise and human use (particularly around Male, Kafu, Vaavu, Alifu and Ari atolls) Mauritius, Rodrigues and other Indian Ocean islands (Socotra, Shagos, ) Mexico: ICZM project on Alacran reef and several Caribbean islands New-Caledonia: Province Sud Reefs: Reef Check site, change detection Oman: south coast close to Masirah island, conservation project before human activities (fisheries, gas, ) start in the vicinity of this reef Seychelles: many sites for diverse applications Vietnam (con Dao Island) and China (Ha Long Bay and Mirs Bay): Reef check sites, ICZM projects and impact of sedimentation on reefs. For US reefs: High priority Florida Keys: Management Hawaiian islands: Coastal categorization (geology-oriented program), change detection US reefs, Low priority (2 images per year) All US Pacific Islands and atolls US Virgin Islands Puerto Rico Flower Garden Bank The others low priority reefs worldwide will be published later in our website. This will include, for each LTAP path/row (the coordinates used in the Landsat reference system), the reef index and name as shown in Reefbase, its LTAP priority, and several maps. We hope to update the list according to weekly or monthly rate of acquisitions, to ensure people are aware of reef images available worldwide. We propose to launch a discussion to define standards methods for use of imagery in coral reef environments. The standards deal with the sampling strategy on site (adapted for the spatial resolution of the image and the topic), atmospheric correction, bathymetric correction, bottom mapping, spectral unmixing, etc. We hope to formalize conclusions from such discussions in a guide for field and lab work. It will be useful for people who need advice and people who have already experience in this type of application but still proceed in heterogeneous ways. Heterogeneous methodologies do not allow objective comparisons and the emergence of quality standards. As we work on this, needs, ideas and comments from the community are welcome. Regards, Serge Andrefouet Frank Muller-Karger Chuanmin Hu Dave Palandro University of South Florida / Department of Marine Science Serge Andrefouet Department of Marine Science Remote Sensing/ Biological Oceanography University of South Florida 140, 7th Av. South St Petersburg FL 33701 phone: (727) 553-1186 fax: (727) 553-1103 E-mail: serge at carbon.marine.usf.edu From delbeek at hawaii.edu Wed Mar 17 11:38:20 1999 From: delbeek at hawaii.edu (J. Charles Delbeek) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 06:38:20 -1000 Subject: Articles about reefs In-Reply-To: Message-ID: Perhaps I'm missing something here, but exactly what does creating artifical reefs in areas affected by pollution and global warming accomplish that the original reef substratum cannot? And if the areas are indeed impacted why would creating these structures help if conditions for coral growth/settlement are still not ideal? I also do not put much stock in the accuracy and validity of newspaper articles, no matter who is quoted. I think we have all been down the media road often enough to be wary of anything such agencies produce. For example the idea that corals increase the alkalinity of the water around them and that giving them more alkaline water allows them the opportunity to no longer do that ... seems rather .... far fetched?? Perhaps someone could explain the mechanisms behind this or point to a reference that describes this alleged phenomena? J. Charles Delbeek M.Sc. Aquarium Biologist Waikiki Aquarium University of Hawaii "The fact that my physiology differs from yours pleases me to no end." Mr. Spock From psa at bishop.bishop.hawaii.org Wed Mar 17 13:28:44 1999 From: psa at bishop.bishop.hawaii.org (L.G. Eldredge) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 08:28:44 -1000 Subject: Pacific Congress mtg info? Message-ID: <199903171828.IAA19330@bernice.bishopmuseum.org> The XIX Pacific Science Congress will be held at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, July 4-9, 1999. The Congress website is: http://www.icmasaust.com.au/PacificScience/ Theme X Symposium: Coral Reefs of the Pacific Region, Past, Present, and Future" is co-convened by Prof. Malcolm McCulloch [Malcolm.McCulloch at anu.edu.au] and Dr. Charles Birkeland [birkelan at uog9.uog.edu]. L. G. Eldredge PSA Executive Secretary From psa at bishop.bishop.hawaii.org Wed Mar 17 20:31:35 1999 From: psa at bishop.bishop.hawaii.org (L.G. Eldredge) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 15:31:35 -1000 Subject: Congress web correction Message-ID: <199903180131.PAA22683@bernice.bishopmuseum.org> The website should be: http://www.icmsaust.com.au/PacificScience/ This one works, apologies, LGE >> The XIX Pacific Science Congress will be held at the University of New South >> Wales, Sydney, Australia, July 4-9, 1999. The Congress website is: >> http://www.icmasaust.com.au/PacificScience/ >> Theme X Symposium: >> Coral Reefs of the Pacific Region, Past, Present, and Future" is co-convened >> by Prof. Malcolm McCulloch [Malcolm.McCulloch at anu.edu.au] and Dr. Charles >> Birkeland [birkelan at uog9.uog.edu]. >> >> L. G. Eldredge >> PSA Executive Secretary > > From cnidaria at earthlink.net Thu Mar 18 07:33:57 1999 From: cnidaria at earthlink.net (James M. Cervino) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 07:33:57 -0500 Subject: No subject Message-ID: Dear Dr. Delbeek, A colleague has forwarded me an email from you regarding a newspaper article about our work which was apparently posted on the list server. As you know these articles almost invariably have things taken out of context, incomplete, or just left out. Some of those in that article relate to the very points that you raise. They incorrectly seemed to imply that we are raising the pH of the water to increase skeleton growth, and that this is what the coral does,which is absurd as you rightly point out. Unfortunately they didn't check to get this right! In fact what I explained to the writer was that the electrolysis of sea water created high pH conditions directly at the growing mineral surface itself, causing limestone to precipitate chemically from seawater and promoting rapid growth of calcareous organisms by providing them with significant extra metabolic energy for growth (that large fraction no longer used to create alkaline microsites in the calicoblastic epithelium to grow their skeletons). You can see that he incorrectly over-simplified what I said. We are analysing many years of data from repeat photographs and video of hundreds of corals in the Indian Ocean and Caribbean. The photographs and measurements show coral growth rates up to four times normal, even under highly eutrophic water quality. Another important point which the article left out was that around 80% of the corals survived last year's bleaching on a large mineral accretion structure in the Maldives and a smaller one in Seychelles, although almost all corals were killed on the surrounding reefs. Had these points been included in the article, it would have been more clear why the method has relevance to coral survival in conditions in a warmer and polluted world. But your implied point is quite correct: if global warming and water quality are not controlled, all efforts at reef restoration will be futile. The idea and the results are on much more solid ground than the article conveys. Of course we would also prefer that restoration isn't really neccessary, but it is almost everywhere we look, especially in the three quarters of the world's coral reefs seriously affected by last year's bleaching (and luckily for you, not including Hawaii) and by bad water quality. Even if the root causes of reef degradation are not addressed, our method will be competitive for shore protection applications, which will be even more needed. Please let me know if you have more questions. We'll be happy to provide more information from our large amounts of data, photographs, and video to serious researchers like yourself than we could to a newspaper journalist. I had hoped to be able to come to show them in Hawaii when I was invited to the meeting last week, but apparently reef restoration was not an area of concern to the sponsors, and this did not work out. With best wishes, Tom Goreau Dr. Thomas J. Goreau President Global Coral Reef Alliance 324 Bedford Rd., Chappaqua, NY 10514 telephone: 914-238-8788 Fax: 914-238-8768 E-mail: goreau at bestweb.net Web site: http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~goreau From excofier at sappey.grenoble.hp.com Thu Mar 18 17:18:40 1999 From: excofier at sappey.grenoble.hp.com (David Excoffier) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 17:18:40 MET Subject: Articles about reefs In-Reply-To: ; from "J. Charles Delbeek" at Mar 17, 99 6:38 am Message-ID: <199903181618.AA131563921@sappey.grenoble.hp.com> Dear all, Dr. Delbeek, The most interesting thing in this story, I think, is not that you can build a limestone base but that corals living between the two electrodes are growing much more faster... A french hobbyist, Joffrey Dislair, is working on that topic since one year and a half. He has read the original story of the German architect, where the goal was to create an artificial island !. This seems to have not been successful, but in his team there was also a biologist (T. Goreau) who has discovered that the corals living there were growing faster. Joffrey is experimenting this method in his aquarium, I'll not enter in the details here, he will do that much better than me, but here are some more informations. With this method (partial electrolysis) he can have in his tank a very high calcium level(800 to 1000 mg/L), KH up to 20 and strontium level up to 25 mg/L. Some of his acropora sp are growing up to 50cm per year, this number will certainly increase when he will have a better lightning source. Note also that he has encountered some problems in the skeleton structure of the corals making them brittle, Calcium level fluctuation, but nearly all his problems seems to be solved now. If you are interested in Joffrey works, do not hesitate to contact me, I'll try to forward/translate, Joffrey is now working on a summary of all his work. Rgds David Excoffier -- France From c.edwards at qmw.ac.uk Fri Mar 19 06:39:50 1999 From: c.edwards at qmw.ac.uk (Cassian Edwards) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 11:39:50 -0000 Subject: TOM in Sediments Message-ID: <199903191329.NAA25064@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Dear All, I want to obtain measurements of total organic matter from reef sediments using the Difference on Ignition method. I am aware that that due to the nature of sediment and the large quantities of carbonate that results may be innacurate if temperature were to exceed 500 C due to combustion of CaCO3. Can anybody suggest a particular protocol that will be of help? Thank you very much, Cassian Cassian Edwards School of Biological Sciences Queen Mary and Westfield College University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS ENGLAND Tel: +44 (0)171 975 5555 ext. 4121 Fax: +44 (0)181 983 0973 Email: c.edwards at qmw.ac.uk From horta at servidor.unam.mx Fri Mar 19 12:21:34 1999 From: horta at servidor.unam.mx (Guillermo Horta-Puga) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 11:21:34 -0600 Subject: Requesting an e-mail Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990319112134.007bd4a0@servidor.unam.mx> Hi Coral people Does anybody knows the e-mail of GLEN T. SHEN or the way I may contact him? Thanks in advance GUILLERMO HORTA-PUGA INVEMAR, BIOGEOQU?MICA, UBIPRO, UNAM-IZTACALA AP 314, TLALNEPANTLA, MEXICO 54000 TEL: +(52) 56231126, 56231132, 58904806 FAX. +(52) 56231225 E-MAIL: horta at servidor.unam.mx From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Fri Mar 19 13:50:20 1999 From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (NOAA's Coral Health and Monitoring Program) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 18:50:20 GMT Subject: Acropora thread Message-ID: <199903191850.SAA27327@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Greetings! I am happy to announce that our Web Master, Gina Morisseau-Leroy, has placed the coral-list thread on the great Acropora/Endangered Species List debate on our CHAMP Home Page at: http://www.coral.noaa.gov under both the "Bulletins" and the "Misceallaneous Themes and Projects" areas. We hope this will be of benefit to you. Cheers, The Happy CHAMPers From jware at erols.com Fri Mar 19 14:23:46 1999 From: jware at erols.com (John Ware) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 14:23:46 -0500 Subject: (no subject) Message-ID: <36F2A442.C4F7C4@erols.com> Dear Listers, Does anyone know where I can find photos of coral planula on the web? My searches have proven fruitless. Please respond directly to me. Thanks, John -- ************************************************************* * * * John R. Ware, PhD * * President * * SeaServices, Inc. * * 19572 Club House Road * * Montgomery Village, MD, 20886 * * 301 987-8507 * * jware at erols.com * * fax: 301 987-8531 * * _ * * | * * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ * * _|_ * * | _ | * * _______________________________| |________ * * |\/__ Undersea Technology for the 21st Century \ * * |/\____________________________________________/ * ************************************************************** From slkyshrk at sgi.net Fri Mar 19 17:52:53 1999 From: slkyshrk at sgi.net (Wendy Jo) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 17:52:53 -0500 Subject: Internet sites for Newsletter Message-ID: <199903192256.RAA05178@pisces.tcg.sgi.net> Dear Coral list, This is only my second post here as I am not a scientist, but a diver interested in what's happening with coral around the world. I am also the Environmental News Director for the West Penn Scuba Divers Club in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Part of my responsibility of this volunteer position is to help educate our divers about the plight of coral reef around the world, and I do this through a monthly newsletter to our divers and brief lectures and updates at regular monthly meetings. I have two requests, if I may: 1) I am always searching for internet sites to include in our newsletter as "Internet Site of the Month". If you have one that is coral, marine or somehow related to diving, and would like to be featured in our newsletter, please send me the URL and a brief description of your site. 2) If anyone out there knows somebody or is somebody in this area who is willing to do a one hour talk to our group, please let me know. I realize we have no oceans in Pittsburgh, PA, but we have a lot of enthusiastic divers who dive around the world. The West Penn SCUBA Club cannot pay anyone. The only real satisfaction you will get is a bunch of grateful (and better educated) divers, not to mention extremely grateful club officers. Ok, we'll buy you a beer or two. :-) The club meets every first Thursday of each month. My address, email and phone are listed below. If you are from out of town, and happen to be "in the area" (of Pittsburgh!?) and can lend your expertise, we may very well build a statue in your honor. Sincerely, Wendy Shemansky ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Wendy Jo Shemansky 311 Biddle Ave Pittsburgh, PA 15221 (412) 244-3318 Environmental News Director, Secretary West Penn Scuba Divers slkyshrk at sgi.net From jcreed at openlink.com.br Sat Mar 20 11:21:11 1999 From: jcreed at openlink.com.br (Joel C. Creed) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 13:21:11 -0300 Subject: New Brazilian benthic marine biology listserver - BENTOS Message-ID: Colleagues, A new listserver, BENTOS, is available to discuss all aspects of Brazilian marine benthic biology. Although most discussion will be in Portuguese, messages in other languages (such as English or Spanish) are acceptable. I am more than happy to pass on messages to the list from those with specific Brazil-related queries but who don't want to subscribe (contact jcreed at uerj.br). Those who wish to subscribe should send an e-mail to majordomo at uerj.br with the following line of text: Subscribe bentos More details (in Portuguese) are available at http://home.openlink.com.br/jcreed /Bentos.html. Apologies for inevitable cross-postings Joel C. Creed IBRAG-DBAV Setor de Ecologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Rua Sao Francisco Xavier 524, PHLC Sala 220, CEP 20559-900, Rio de Janeiro, R.J., BRAZIL. Work Tel. 55 21 587 7328/7614 (Tel/Fax home) 55 21 493 2475 jcreed at openlink.com.br Visit my homepage http://home.openlink.com.br/jcreed/ From zakaid at bezeq.nmt.co.il Sat Mar 20 13:46:59 1999 From: zakaid at bezeq.nmt.co.il (David Zakai) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 20:46:59 +0200 Subject: Volunteers needed Message-ID: <36F3ED22.16F027BA@bezeq.nmt.co.il> Israel Nature & National Parks Protection Authority, Eilat District (northern Red Sea), is seeking for volunteers to help in the field of marine biology, marine & coastal management, and restoration of coral reef. We require: 1. B.Sc/B.A in one of the above fields, or related fields 2. at least 3 months volunteering period 3. experience with data collection using SCUBA diving We give: 1. accommodation in our dormitory flat 2. volunteer insurance, for the working period only 3. transportation during working hours 4. free entrance coupons for all National Parks and Nature Reserves, all around Israel We are not covering: 1. any salary 2. food 3. travel expenses (in or out from Eilat) CV is need to be send to David Zakai via Email using Word 7 only, or by mail to David Zakai, Israel Nature & National Parks Protection Authority, Eilat District, P.O.Box 667, Eilat, Israel For more information feel free to contact us, David Zakai -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: vcard.vcf Type: text/x-vcard Size: 464 bytes Desc: Card for David Zakai Url : http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/19990320/3fb93dff/attachment.vcf From rmurray at daffodil.infochan.com Mon Mar 22 12:49:45 1999 From: rmurray at daffodil.infochan.com (Robert Murray) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 12:49:45 -0500 Subject: DBML Update Message-ID: <001a01be748c$62b009a0$196587d0@MyPC.infochan.com> THE DISCOVERY BAY MARINE LABORATORY (Jamaica) would like to advise that our web site is at the following new address; WWW.DBML.ORG We would be grateful if older links to us (previously at http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/Discovery_Bay_Marine_Laboratory/) are now updated. DBML is a non-profit educational institution (part of The University of the West Indies) committed to coral reef research and conservation, welcoming researchers and a selection of volunteers from around the world throughout the year. For more information visit our site or contact our administration. Admin at dbml =========================== Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory, Discovery Bay, Jamaica, W.I. Tel. (876) 973 2946 Fax. (876) 973 3091 admin at dbml.org dbml at uwimona.edu.jm WWW.DBML.ORG =========================== From path at amsg.austmus.gov.au Wed Mar 24 18:51:29 1999 From: path at amsg.austmus.gov.au (PatH) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 09:51:29 +1000 Subject: Position available at Qld University Message-ID: <0006AD9C.3204@amsg.austmus.gov.au> LECTURESHIP IN CORAL REEF ECOLOGY - UQ Lecturer/Senior Lecturer (Level B/C) Continuing The Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Queensland, invites applications for an appointment at Lecturer level B/C, the level of appointment and commencement salary being dependent on qualifications and experience. The University operates a small research station at Low Isles in the northern Great Barrier Reef region, a large teaching and research station at Heron Island in the southern GBR, and a similar facility under construction in Moreton Bay. All research stations have an appropriate range of small boats, and the University has recently purchased an 11.15m catamaran capable of offshore operations. The appointee will coordinate and further develop a 3rd level field subject in Coral Reef Ecology and contribute to other appropriate undergraduate subjects. The successful candidate will be expected to attract and supervise postgraduate students, especially those interested in coral reef ecology, to foster use of the University's Heron Island Research Station, to pursue an active, externally funded research program in coral reef ecology, and contribute to the academic life of the Department, the Centre for Marine Studies and the University. Applicants should possess a PhD degree, have demonstrably relevant achievements in tertiary level teaching and research, proven ability to supervise postgraduate students, a documented record of high research productivity, an ability to work cooperatively in a team environment, and experience in administration and research. Preference will be given to applicants with a strong background in tropical and sub-tropical coral reef ecology. The appointment, commencing in mid-1999, will be continuing, with a probationary period of 3 years (Senior Lecturer) or 5 years (Lecturer), with tenured appointment beyond probationary periods subject to satisfactory performance against agreed criteria. The successful applicant will contribute to the teaching and research activities of the department, and also to the broader marine program of the University. Information about the Department of Zoology and Entomology, and the University's Centre for Marine Studies/School of Marine Science, can be found on the web: http://www.zoology.uq.edu.au/soms/ Details of the position and further information about the Centre for Marine Studies/School of Marine Science can be obtained by contacting: Associate Professor Jack Greenwood email JGreenwood at zoology.uq.edu.au phone (+7 3365 2504). Further details of duties and selection criteria are available from the Department of Zoology and Entomology Senior Administration Officer, Janine Armitage (JArmitage at zoology.uq.edu.au). Salary range: Lecturer (Level B), $48,327 - $57,388 Senior Lecturer (Level C), $59,200 - $68,261 ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: poverty and gear types in coral reef fisheries Author: Joshua Cinner at Internet Date: 1/25/99 2:06 PM Dear coral-listers I would like to get some feedback,suggestions, and possibly some new directions from this multi-disciplinary body regarding my master's thesis. As a Peace Corps Volunteer in Jamaica, I observed what I believe to be a connection between the relative wealth of fishers and the type of gear they used. It appeared as though the gear types which seem to be more malignant to the coral reef were utilized by fishers of lower wealth and social status. (I am assuming that some gear types, such as line fishing, are more benign while others, such as blast fishing, are more malignant toward the reef). I am interested in pursuing this idea as my masters thesis which I am currently beginning here at the Marine Affairs Faculty of the University of Rhode Island. My initial idea is to examine the different measures of wealth for the study site (as income is often an inappropriate measure of status and wealth- for example; one study expressed that the ability to travel, especially abroad, was the ultimate measure of wealth for a specific community in Jamaica). I then plan to explore the gear types employed by fishers and their relative effects on coral reefs. I am planning to establish a linkage between wealth and gear types by using a discrete choice analysis (maybe probit or logit), but WELCOME ANY OTHER IDEAS. Here is where I could really use some suggestions however- seeing as I want to make a direct link between coral reef conditions and poverty, would it be practical to do my own research on the reefs themselves (probably just manta tows or other really basic surveys is all I was really thinking) or should I just focus on the measures of wealth, gear types, and linking them, relying on background information from other studies to suggest that gear types have different effects on reefs? I have (It seems) obtained some funding to conduct my research over the summer in Mexico. Can anyone recommend a site (or preferably several) in Mexico that would have a high diversity of coral reef fishing practices? I would also appreciate suggestions of particularly interesting studies on measures of wealth, and gear types and impacts (especially if it is in Mex). I sincerely appreciate feedback, so please let me know what you think of my ideas, give me suggestions, comments, criticisms, whatever. Respectfully, Joshua Cinner 2550 Kingstown Rd. Kingston, RI 02881 (401) 783-6719 jcin5062 at postoffice.uri.edu From hreyes at calafia.uabcs.mx Thu Mar 25 14:19:56 1999 From: hreyes at calafia.uabcs.mx (Hector Reyes Bonilla) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 13:19:56 -0600 (CST) Subject: Artificial reefs Message-ID: Companeros, Does anybody know if there are international regulations for the conditions of a boat that it is bound to be sunk to work as a artificial reef? I know that the amount of oil and petroleum derivates should be nil, and that it is recommendable to close all doors to avoid accidents, but not many more. Also, are there guidelines for artificial reefs related to distance to the coast, bottom composition, etc? Thanks for the answers. Hector Reyes UABCS, La Paz. From james at winmarconsulting.com Thu Mar 25 17:15:47 1999 From: james at winmarconsulting.com (James Wiseman) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 16:15:47 -0600 Subject: Artificial reefs Message-ID: <199903261239.MAA07473@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Hello Hector and list, I have previously been a lurker on this list, as I am an engineer and not a scientist...;-) I will try not to make an a$$ out of myself... I work for a company here in Houston that specializes in the decommissioning of offshore oil and gas platforms. Each year, we donate approximately 10% of the platforms decommissioned to either the Texas or Louisiana Artificial Reef Programs (Marine Board, 1996) Here in the Gulf of Mexico, we have guidelines to follow, when deciding what to donate to the programs, and they (the programs and their managers) in-turn have guidelines for what materials and configurations to use for their artificial reefs. These are guidelines, and they are fairly flexible, they are not laws. There is really only one Law pertaining to Artificial Reefs here in the USA (National Fishing Enhancement Act - Sec. 204 National Artificial Reef Plan) I'll try to answer your questions below, but if you -- or anyone else on the list interested in artificial reefs -- would like more specific information, please e-mail me. > Companeros, > Does anybody know if there are international > regulations for the > conditions of a boat that it is bound to be sunk to work as a > artificial > reef? I would start with the IMO guidelines. These will govern in this case. These guidelines pertain to safe navigation. >I know that the amount of oil and petroleum derivates should be > nil, and that it is recommendable to close all doors to avoid > accidents, > but not many more. Also, are there guidelines for artificial reefs > related to distance to the coast, bottom composition, etc? Yes, there are certainly guidelines for this, although they vary, depending which state's artificial reef plan you look at (at least here in the US). Some things to look at would be: Reef Stability Vertical Profile Complexity Substrate/Material Inside Reef Preserve/Not Inside Preserve Proximity of natural reefs Bottom Composition Cathodic Protection/No Protection You will want to set criteria for each of the above, depending on what you wish to acheive. > Thanks for the > answers. > Hector Reyes > UABCS, La Paz. > Like I said, e-mail me if you have specific questions, or I can put you in touch w/ someone here on the reef board. Cheers James Wiseman Winmar Consulting Services Houston TX From smiller at gate.net Fri Mar 26 08:42:51 1999 From: smiller at gate.net (Steven Miller) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 08:42:51 -0500 Subject: ISRS/CMC Coral Reef Fellowship Award Announcement Message-ID: <36FB8EDB.FA9DFE1A@gate.net> ISRS/CMC Coral Reef Fellowship Award Announcement The International Society for Reef Studies (http://www.uncwil.edu/isrs) and the Center for Marine Conservation (http://cmc-ocean.org/) announced today that their 1999 Coral Reef Fellowship Award was made to Helen Fox, University of California, Berkeley. Ms. Fox will work in Indonesia?s Komodo National Park where she will assess damage to coral reefs from dynamite fishing, also known as ?blast? fishing. She will assess factors that affect recovery of blast sites and she will develop methods to help accelerate recovery of coral reefs damaged by this destructive fishing practice. It is well known that blast fishing causes widespread and devastating damage to coral reefs. Despite being illegal, blast fishing is reported to cause significant reef degradation throughout the South Pacific. Specifically, Ms. Fox will: 1) evaluate how coral cover at various spatial scales correlates with recruitment; 2) determine how rubble produced at the blast sites affects coral recruitment in various flow regimes; 3) manipulate substrate stability and rugosity to evaluate their effects on coral recruitment rates; and 4) evaluate recovery based on changes in community composition among blast sites of known age compared to nearby unblasted sites. Komodo National Park is located in eastern Indonesia and includes areas where significant blast fishing previously occurred, but has declined dramatically in recent years due to management efforts. This is the third ISRS/CMC Fellowship award, with previous winners working in Belize and the Philippines. The award is for one year and is worth US$14,000. Dr. Terry Done (President, ISRS) Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB #3 Mail Centre, Townsville Qld 4810 Australia email: tdone at aims.gov.au For information about the ISRS/CMC Fellowship contact: Dr. Steven Miller (Recording Secretary, ISRS) University of North Carolina at Wilmington 515 Caribbean Drive Key Largo, Florida 33037 From GBUCK at crs.loc.gov Fri Mar 26 15:10:42 1999 From: GBUCK at crs.loc.gov (Gene Buck) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 15:10:42 -0500 Subject: coral reef stat -- looking for something citable. Message-ID: An embedded and charset-unspecified text was scrubbed... Name: not available Url: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/19990326/5c1b0022/attachment.pl From coral at aoml.noaa.gov Sun Mar 28 08:38:50 1999 From: coral at aoml.noaa.gov (coral-list admin) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 13:38:50 GMT Subject: Melissa-Macro-Virus Info Message-ID: <199903281338.NAA20583@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Greetings, this is a heads-up on a Microsoft Word 97 or Word 2000 virus circulating. Any mail handling system could experience performance problems or a denial of service as a result of the propagation of this macro virus. A full description may be found at: http://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-99-04-Melissa-Macro-Virus.html Here's just the begining of the description: ~~~~ The Melissa macro virus propagates in the form of an email message containing an infected Word document as an attachment. The transport message has most frequently been reported to contain the following Subject header Subject: Important Message From Where is the full name of the user sending the message. The body of the message is a multipart MIME message containing two sections. The first section of the message (Content-Type: text/plain) contains the following text. Here is that document you asked for ... don't show anyone else ;-) The next section (Content-Type: application/msword) was initially reported to be a document called "list.doc". This document contains references to pornographic web sites. As this macro virus spreads we are likely to see documents with other names. In fact, under certain conditions the virus may generate attachments with documents created by the victim. ~~~~ Microsoft apparently has a patch at: http://www.microsoft.com/security/bulletins/ms99-002.asp ~~~ From eatreml at edisto.cofc.edu Sat Mar 27 16:52:46 1999 From: eatreml at edisto.cofc.edu (Eric Treml) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 16:52:46 -0500 (EST) Subject: No subject Message-ID: Folks, I am completing a search on methods used in quantitative coral reef community ecology. Specifically, I would like to find references for the history and use of the plot / quadrant sampling method. Also, does anyone know of an earlier reference for the use of aerial photography in reef ecology? I have: Kumpf & Randall (1961) Charting the marine environments... Bull. Mar. Sci. 11:543-51 Any comments or references would be much appreciated! Cheers- Eric From d.fenner at aims.gov.au Sun Mar 28 02:36:20 1999 From: d.fenner at aims.gov.au (Doug Fenner) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 17:36:20 +1000 Subject: cyanide Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990328173620.00e82548@email.aims.gov.au> Some time back I had made the suggestion that perhaps cyanide fishing could be stopped by getting the manufacturers and distributors to more closely watch who they sold it to. Several people have pointed out to me that cyanide has many manufacturing and agricultural uses, so attempts to police its distribution are likely to be futile. I also suggested that if the consumers of cyanide-caught fresh fish felt the effects of the cyanide or at least were made aware of it, they might not be so eager to pay high prices for it. It has been pointed out to me that the amounts remaining in the small portion eaten would be unlikely to have noticable effects, and that people in the areas where this practice is common may eat food from water with far worse contamination without worrying about it. Perhaps we should not give up hope that this tolerant attitude toward pollution may someday change. River pollution in the US was once so bad that a river (in Ohio) caught on fire. It was not all that long ago when air pollution in Tokyo was so bad that people on the street paid to breathe pure oxygen from a machine. A recent statement from the gov't of the People's Republic of China indicates that they now feel that cleaning up pollution there is an important goal. -Doug Douglas Fenner, Ph.D. Coral Taxonomist Australian Institute of Marine Science PMB No 3 Townsville MC Queensland 4810 Australia phone 07 4753 4241 e-mail: d.fenner at aims.gov.au web: http://www.aims.gov.au From svoris at nsu.acast.nova.edu Fri Mar 26 15:42:30 1999 From: svoris at nsu.acast.nova.edu (Stephanie Voris) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 15:42:30 -0500 Subject: National Coral Reef Institute Conference Message-ID: <199903281329.NAA20471@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> UPDATE PLEASE POST ON THE CORAL LIST. THANK YOU. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF CORAL REEF ASSESSMENT, MONITORING, AND RESTORATION, April 14-16, 1999, Ft. Lauderdale, FL. Plenary talks, Oral presenations in Special and Contributed Sessions, Poster Presenations Final schedule and program are now posted on the web. Registrations for the Conference are currently being accepted. Please consult: http:\\www.nova.edu\ocean\ncri\confinfo_1.html for more information. Limited exhibit space for your organization is still available. To showcase your organization's work / products / research / etc. to well over 350 national and international coral reef participants, email Stephanie Voris (Svoris at ocean.nova.edu). Stephanie Voris National Coral Reef Institute Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center svoris at ocean.nova.edu (954) 923-3390 From wright at osb1.wff.nasa.gov Mon Mar 29 08:38:35 1999 From: wright at osb1.wff.nasa.gov (C. Wayne Wright) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 08:38:35 -0500 Subject: National Coral Reef Institute Conference References: <199903281329.NAA20471@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Message-ID: <36FF825B.69067DA0@osb.wff.nasa.gov> Stephanie Voris wrote: > UPDATE > PLEASE POST ON THE CORAL LIST. THANK YOU. > > INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF CORAL REEF ASSESSMENT, > MONITORING, AND RESTORATION, April 14-16, 1999, Ft. Lauderdale, FL. There were errors in the orginal posted URL, the link actually is: http://www.nova.edu/ocean/ncri/confinfo_1.html C. W. Wright -------------------------------------------------->-+ C.W. Wright,wright at osb.wff.nasa.gov, Ph:757-824-1698 Fax: 757-824-1036, NASA,Goddard Space Flight Center Code 972, Wallops Flight Facility Wallops Island, Va. 23337 -------+-<------------------------------------------- From PATTERSON_M at epic7.dep.state.fl.us Mon Mar 29 14:04:29 1999 From: PATTERSON_M at epic7.dep.state.fl.us (Matt Patterson STP 727-896-8626) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 14:04:29 -0500 (EST) Subject: New addition Message-ID: Coral-listers: I am pleased to announce an addition to the Florida Marine Research Institute's coral web page. The new page features a taxonomic list of the stony corals (with pictures) observed by the Coral Reef / Hardbottom Monitoring Project in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. This U.S.E.P.A. funded monitoring project has been in existence since 1994, and has collected over 12,000 stony coral species records and has analyzed over one half million points during image analysis from framegrabbed Hi-8 video. This page is a digital version of our Coral Identification Guide used for training and Quality Control purposes. Photographic credits go to the Principal Investigators - Dr. Phil Dustan from University of Charleston, South Carolina, Dr. Jim Porter, University of Georgia, and Walt Jaap, Florida Marine Research Institute. The page can be found at: http://www.fmri.usf.edu/coral/tax.htm For more information about the Project, check out Phil Dustan's page at: http://www.cofc.edu/~coral/epawork.htm Hope you enjoy it! Matt Patterson xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Matt Patterson Coral Reef Research Group Florida Department of Environmental Protection Florida Marine Research Institute 100 Eighth Avenue SE, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 (727) 896-8626 Fax (727) 893-1270 email: patterson_m at epic7.dep.state.fl.us xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx From weicherd at uwec.edu Sun Mar 28 18:35:24 1999 From: weicherd at uwec.edu (Ryan Weichelt) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 17:35:24 -0600 Subject: Coral Reef Disease Message-ID: <199903301313.NAA31542@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> Hello, May name is Ryan Weichelt and I am an undergraduate doing research on Coral Reef Disease. I am attempting to compile a list of coral reef diseases and then show the diffusion of these diseases on a map. This map will be of the diseases found off the waters of southern Florida, specifically in Florida Bay. I am having trouble finding information of the diseases like Black Band, White Band, White Pox, etc. I am have a much more difficult time finding maps on were these diseases are found in Florida Bay. I have found only one map that showed were specific diseases are found in regions around the Americas, but this is too general. My question for you is are there any maps out there that show exact locations of the diseases in Florida Bay and could you send me any information on these specific diseases? I feel this map could be very helpful in plotting the progression of these diseases and in the end attempting to curb these specific diseases. So any information that you could send to me would be greatly appreciated, especially maps. I understand you are all very busy and again I thank you for your time and effort. Any Answers Would Be Great!!!!!!!!! Thanks, Ryan Weichelt (715) 830-8449 706 Broadway Eau Claire, WI 54703 From sollinsp at ccmail.orst.edu Tue Mar 30 14:43:11 1999 From: sollinsp at ccmail.orst.edu (Phillip Sollins) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 11:43:11 -0800 Subject: Spratly imagery? Message-ID: <00FAA4D6.3116@ccmail.orst.edu> Dear Coral-listers: I have a Vietnamese Marine Resources masters student interested in doing a project on resource management issues in either the Spratlies or some of the VN coastal islands. Has anyone looked for (found?) relatively cloudfree imagery for either of these areas. I went through MSS and TM GLIS files and found one image for coastal VN north of CamRonh Bay but nothing usable for the Spratlies. I will also try SPOT and contacting some people directly at NASA, but if anyone knows of usable images or of anyone who has wroked with imagery for coral reefs from this region, I'd appreciate a note. Thanks. -- Phil Sollins (sollins at fsl.orst.edu) From astrong at nesdis.noaa.gov Wed Mar 31 13:29:37 1999 From: astrong at nesdis.noaa.gov (astrong at nesdis.noaa.gov) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 13:29:37 -0500 Subject: Bleaching potential - LOW Message-ID: <199903311829.NAA00939@orbit34i.nesdis.noaa.gov> HotSpot Notes -- March 31, 1999 NOAA satellite data show Bleaching HotSpots have receded to cover dramatically less coral reef regions than at this time last year. Compare the following pairs of images: http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/data/hotspote.3.30.1999.gif http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/hotspot_archive/data/hotspo te.3.30.1998.gif and http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/data/hotspotw.3.30.1999.gif http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/hotspot_archive/data/hotspo tw.3.30.1998.gif >From our SST anomalies and their archives: http://psbsgi1.nesdis.noaa.gov:8080/PSB/EPS/SST/climo.html it would appear we are seeing some of the coolest Pacific Ocean SSTs since the late 80s and early 90s. --- GOOD NEWS for our coral reefs and their recovery from last year's unprecedented bleaching!! AES **** <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ******* <>< ***** Alan E. Strong Phys Scientist/Oceanographer Adj Assoc Res Professor NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD -- E/RA3 US Naval Academy NOAA Science Center -- RM 711W Oceanography Department 5200 Auth Road Annapolis, MD 21402 Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304 410-293-6550 Alan.E.Strong at noaa.gov 301-763-8102 x170 FAX: 301-763-8108 http://manati.wwb.noaa.gov/orad From Judah69 at aol.com Wed Mar 31 16:09:09 1999 From: Judah69 at aol.com (Judah69 at aol.com) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 16:09:09 EST Subject: Mitch's Effects on Coral Reefs Message-ID: Greetings all, I was wondering if anyone knows of the conditions of the reefs around Rotan Honduras (sp) since Hurricane Mitch? Does anybody also know anything about the condition of the Hol Chan Reserve in Belize? I just came back from Glover Atoll in Belize and there was quite a bit of reef damage and am wondering if anyone knows of areas near Belize that may not be damaged as much. I am planning a photography trip to the reefs and am wondering about where to go. Thanks Jake From Stephanie_Bailenson at commerce.senate.gov Wed Mar 31 17:00:57 1999 From: Stephanie_Bailenson at commerce.senate.gov (Stephanie Bailenson) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 17:00:57 -0500 Subject: Coral Reef Conservation Act Message-ID: <0008DBCB.C22126@commerce.senate.gov> Last Thursday the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 1999 was introduced in the U.S. Senate. In response to concerns about the declining conditions of coral reefs raised by the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force and in the ICRI Renewed Call to Action, the bill focuses on community based conservation. If you would like to see the bill you can download it at www.senate.gov. The Senate homepage has a prompt for a bill search where you can input the bill number S. 725. I welcome your comments. Thank you, Stephanie Bailenson Professional Staff Member U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Oceans and Fisheries 428 Hart Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510 Ph:202-224-8172 Fx:202-228-0326 stephanie_bailenson at commerce.senate.gov From GBUCK at crs.loc.gov Wed Mar 31 12:56:04 1999 From: GBUCK at crs.loc.gov (Gene Buck) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 12:56:04 -0500 Subject: Summary of responses to query Message-ID: An embedded and charset-unspecified text was scrubbed... Name: not available Url: http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/pipermail/coral-list-old/attachments/19990331/e2efc7cf/attachment.pl From EricHugo at aol.com Wed Mar 31 23:09:12 1999 From: EricHugo at aol.com (EricHugo at aol.com) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 23:09:12 EST Subject: FAO guide problems Message-ID: Dear list: After the posting regarding the FAO publication, "Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific" : Vol 1 - Seaweeds, Coral, Gastropods, Bivalves", I have attempted to purchase this volume. I received word back from an electronic order that the order is only sold as a two volume set, despite being posted as single volumes with separate ISBN numbers, job orders, etc. Contacting the sales agents in the US led to a worse outcome, with the UN bookstore not even showing the volumes in their system, and the Maryland distributor quoting $240 for a single volume, unable to find the second volume. The Library of Congress does not have a record of the ISBN number at all. I am curious if this volume actually exists, if it has been purchased singly by anyone on the list, and from where. Thanks so much. Eric Borneman From svoris at nsu.acast.nova.edu Fri Mar 26 15:42:30 1999 From: svoris at nsu.acast.nova.edu (Stephanie Voris) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 15:42:30 -0500 Subject: National Coral Reef Institute Conference Message-ID: <199903281329.NAA20471@coral.aoml.noaa.gov> UPDATE PLEASE POST ON THE CORAL LIST. THANK YOU. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF CORAL REEF ASSESSMENT, MONITORING, AND RESTORATION, April 14-16, 1999, Ft. Lauderdale, FL. Plenary talks, Oral presenations in Special and Contributed Sessions, Poster Presenations Final schedule and program are now posted on the web. Registrations for the Conference are currently being accepted. Please consult: http:\\www.nova.edu\ocean\ncri\confinfo_1.html for more information. Limited exhibit space for your organization is still available. To showcase your organization's work / products / research / etc. to well over 350 national and international coral reef participants, email Stephanie Voris (Svoris at ocean.nova.edu). Stephanie Voris National Coral Reef Institute Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center svoris at ocean.nova.edu (954) 923-3390