[Coral-List] 5. Can anyone help with bleaching references? (Rebecca Arundel)
John Reed
jreed at HBOI.edu
Wed Dec 10 13:11:29 EST 2003
5. Can anyone help with bleaching references? (Rebecca Arundel)
Dear Rebecca,
A Google search on "coral bleaching" produced 46,000 entries in 1.2 sec.
Libraries are also useful for literature searches.
Good luck.
John Reed
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Today's Topics:
1. Re: Is DMS/DMSP a stress release factor in corals?
(zepp.richard at epamail.epa.gov)
2. 10th ICRS Session - Corals, Carbon & Climate (Joanie Kleypas)
3. Wanted: Research experience (mjpalmer at canoemail.com)
4. Subsidised membership of ISRS (Peter J Mumby)
5. Can anyone help with bleaching references? (Rebecca Arundel)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Tue, 09 Dec 2003 19:08:18 -0500
From: zepp.richard at epamail.epa.gov
Subject: Re: [Coral-List] Is DMS/DMSP a stress release factor in
corals?
To: shashank Keshavmurthy <iamshanky15 at yahoo.com>
Cc: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov,
coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-ID:
<OF2B93C49F.FA9B7510-ON85256DF3.0065A5C4-85256DF8.0000BAD4 at epamail.epa.gov>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
You should confirm by chromatographic techniques that DMSP and DMS are
present and at what levels. Assuming that this is the case, there is an
interesting possible protective role of DMSP/DMSP. It is well known
that corals and other microorganisms produce UV-protective substances
such as mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) that act as sunscreens (JM
Shick and WC Dunlap.2002. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 64:223- 262).
Microrganisms also protect themselves against the damaging effects of UV
by other mechanisms as well, including the production of antioxidants.
A recent study published in Nature by Sunda and co-workers has provided
evidence that DMSP and DMS have an antiooxidant function in marine algae
(see WG Sunda, DJ Kieber, R P Kiene and S A Huntsman. 2002. An
antioxidant function for DMSP and DMS in marine algae, Nature 418:
317-320). It is suggested that the sulfur compounds help control levels
of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the algae. It is likely that ROS
contribute to inhibition of photosynthesis and possibly bleaching of
corals exposed to solar UV radiation (UVR). The possible role of
antioxidants in protecting corals from UV damage has previously been
discussed ( JM Shick, MP Lesser, PL Jokiel. 1996. Ultraviolet radiation
and coral stress. Global Change Biol 2:527-545) but a role of sulfur
compounds in defending against ROS attack apparently has not been
considered.
*****************************************************
Richard G. Zepp
US EPA
960 College Station Road
Athens, GA 30605-2700
Tel (706)-355-8117
Fax (706)-355-8104
|---------+-------------------------------------->
| | shashank Keshavmurthy |
| | <iamshanky15 at yahoo.com> |
| | Sent by: |
| | coral-list-bounces at coral.ao|
| | ml.noaa.gov |
| | |
| | |
| | 12/04/2003 09:55 PM |
| | |
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| To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
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| cc:
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| Subject: [Coral-List] Is DMS/DMSP a stress release factor in
corals? |
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Dear Coral Researchers...
Greetings...
I was wondering what is the role of DMS/DMSP in
corals? Especially in Acropora sp.
Whenever I sample and work with particularly
Acropora sp. I get strong smell of DMS/DMSP.
Recent studies have shown that there is
production of
Dimethylsulfide(DMS)/Dimethylsulfoniopropionate
(DMSP) in corals under stress. DMS is produced
increasingly by micro-algae in marine
environments and the factors controlling its
production are still poorly understood. It is
believed that dinoflagellates are one of the
largest producers of DMS and high concentrations
of DMSP have been found in cultured
zooxanthellae.
DMS is believed to serve as an osmolyte,
antipredation agent, has antibacterial activity
and as methyl donor in the synthesis of nitrogen
based metabolites. And one of the main functions
of DMS is its role in the climate regulation.
It has been found that corals especially Acropora
sp. release large quantities of DMS during
stress. My previous observations in Kavaratti
Atoll, Lakshadweep Islands, India showed that
Acropora formosa release high quantities of DMS
which was obvious by the strong smell everytime I
sampled this particular species during natural
stress and also in the corals subjected to TBT
stress. Also to some extent the production was
observed in Porites lutea, which led to
preliminary studies of DMS/DMSP at the National
Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India. My
observations were further supported by the paper
published during that year on the DMS in corals
and macro algae (Broadbent, A. D. et al.).
Recently I again came across the characteristic
smell of DMS/DMSP in Acropora hyacinthus and
Stlyopora pistillata sampled from corals reefs of
Shikoku, Japan. Again it is that strong smell in
the samples which compelled me to ask the above
question weather DMS is a stress release factor.
Simple observations can sometimes lead to better
understanding of the problem. The samples that I
obtained after series of typhoons (August-October
2003), showed a strong smell of DMS (only in
Acropora hyacinthus). My recent samples
(obtained in October 2003) again had a very
strong smell of DMS and this time it also
included Stylopora pistillata, though
comparatively very faint smell.
These observations and research of other workers
show that it is not just the temperature stress
that results in the production of DMS, but also
various other stressors play a role, though not
consistently in all corals.
Why is it that the corals release DMS/DMSP?
　May be it is used as an antibacterial and
antigrazing substance when coral is in stress as
it is prone to bacterial attack. DMS may also be
released as a result of cell lysis that may be
occurring due increased stress.
It may be that production of DMS is completely a
normal phenomenon that was overlooked until now.
Since DMS production may be an overflow
mechanism, a reaction of cell during unbalanced
growth, thereby making the cell better adapted to
the changing environmental conditions2. It may
be also a way to accumulate nitrogen compatible
solutes and use it as a source of nitrogen during
nitrogen limitation. The production of DMS/DMSP
is boon for the heterotrophic bacterial
communities in the coral reef ecosystem as it is
a source of Carbon and Sulfur.
The amount in which the DMS/DMSP is released is
not very less to be ignored. Further study need
to be carried out to;
1. Understand the reason behind the DMS/DMSP
production both in zooxanthellae and subsequent
accumulation in the host.
2. To understand what makes Acropora sp. to
produce considerably high quantities of DMS/DMSP,
and role of coral reefs in the global climate
regulation.
3. If there is any relationship between the
chlorophyll pigments and DMS/DMSP. If it is,
then we can easily quantify the production of DMS
by remote sensing and hence understand the role
played by coral reefs as biological climate
regulators.
Till that I will have to continue my encounter
with the strong smell of DMS/DMSP in Acropora
hyacinthus!!!!!!!!!
This was just a thought from my side.
Cheers!!!
shashank
=====
"the role of infinitely small in nature is infinitely large"-Louis
Pasteur
Keshavmurthy Shashank
Kochi University, Faculty of Agriculture
Lab. of AQUa. Environ. Sci. (LAQUES)
Otsu 200, Monobe, Nankoku-shi
783-8502, Kochi, Japan
alt. id: shashank at cc.kochi-u.ac.jp
phone: 81 090 8285 9012
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------------------------------
Message: 2
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 2003 05:46:15 -0700 (MST)
From: Joanie Kleypas <kleypas at atd.ucar.edu>
Subject: [Coral-List] 10th ICRS Session - Corals, Carbon & Climate
To: <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-ID:
<Pine.SUN.4.30.0312100540580.24584-100000 at ale.atd.ucar.edu>
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Reminder of a session at the 10th ICRS entitled:
Session: 2-9 Coral Reefs and Global Change III:
Corals, Carbon and Climate.
chairs: Joanie Kleypas, Yoshimi Suzuki, Chris Langdon
This session will address the roles of corals and other
reef calcifiers in the carbon cycle. We are particularly
interested in receiving abstracts on:
1. the effects of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide on
calcium carbonate precipitation and dissolution
2. the role of coral reef calcification in the carbon cycle
3. records of coral and reef calcification in recent and past
environments
If you are planning to submit an abstract to this session
(or have already done so), please send a copy to me, Chris
Langdon, and Yoshimi Suzuki, at:
kleypas at ucar.edu
langdon at ldeo.columbia.edu
seysuzu at ipc.shizuoka.ac.jp
See you there! Joanie Kleypas
Note, the deadline for submitting abstracts for the 10th ICRS is
Dec. 25. The conference website is at:
http://www.plando.co.jp/icrs2004/
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
J. Kleypas
National Center for Atmospheric Research
PO Box 3000
Boulder, CO 80307-3000
PH: 303.497.8111
FAX: 303.497.8125
kleypas at ucar.edu
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
------------------------------
Message: 3
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 2003 20:48:45 -0400
From: mjpalmer at canoemail.com
Subject: [Coral-List] Wanted: Research experience
To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Message-ID: <B48485D4F0819824FBF0018942E81C17 at mjpalmer.canoemail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Good day,
I am a recent Earth Science graduate from Dalhouisie University
looking for research experience before I pursue a Masters degree
next fall. I have a strong background in biology and the
geosciences, as well as fluency in Spanish, French and English (both
written and spoken). I would be available immediately for
projects. I am willing to travel any where in the world. If you
have, or know of any opportunities it would be much appreciated. I
would be interested in hearing of Masters opportunities as well.
I can be contacted at mjpalmer at canoemail.com
A CV is available upon request.
Cheers,
Mike Palmer
Buenos Dias,
Soy una nueva graduado de geologia de la Universidad de Dalhousie.
Estoy buscando trabajo para ganar experiencia practical antes de
hacer una Maestria en el ano que viene. Tengo un fondo en geologia,
biologia y las geosciencias. Estoy disponible immediamente y puedo
trabajar en cualqier lugar. Si alguien sabe o tiene opportunidades
ellos puedan contactarme a mjpalmer at canoemail.com.
Muchas Gracias,
Mike Palmer
mjpalmer at canoemail.com
Sign up today for your Free E-mail at: http://www.canoe.ca/CanoeMail
------------------------------
Message: 4
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 2003 08:57:50 -0000
From: "Peter J Mumby" <P.J.Mumby at exeter.ac.uk>
Subject: [Coral-List] Subsidised membership of ISRS
To: "Coral List" <coral-list at aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-ID: <IDENJDKJGHJKLIELALOEIEEBCIAA.p.j.mumby at ex.ac.uk>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
Subsidized Memberships of International Society for Reef Studies
Deadline: March 1, 2004
Each year, ISRS offers subsidized subscriptions to the Society. Prosective
members with legitimate needs are invited to request financial assistance
with membership fees. Each applicant should write a letter of 800 words
maximum (no supporting documentation required) that identifies her/his
parent institution, describes the nature of her/his work, states the type of
membership requested, and explains her/his case for requesting financial
assistance. The letter should be addressed to Dr. Nicholas Polunin,
President of the Society, and sent to Peter Mumby ISRS Corresponding
Secretary, Email P.J.Mumby at exeter.ac.uk. The deadline is 1 March 2004.
Successful applicants will be required to make some contribution to their
subscription since assistance given by ISRS will be no more than half the
individual, student or family membership. Normally up to three awards would
be made in any calendar year though the actual number of awards allocated be
at the discretion of a subcommittee of the ISRS Council.
Pete
Dr Peter J Mumby
Royal Society Research Fellow
Corresponding Secretary, ISRS
Marine Spatial Ecology Lab
School of Biological Sciences
Hatherly Laboratory
Prince of Wales Road
University of Exeter
Exeter
Devon
EX4 4PS
UK
tel: + 44 (0)1392 263798
fax: + 44 (0)1392 263700
e-mail: p.j.mumby at exeter.ac.uk
Research: http://www.ex.ac.uk/msel
Coral Reef Group at Exeter: http://www.ex.ac.uk/celp
Remote sensing book: http://www.unesco.org/csi/pub/source/rs.htm
Education resources: http:/www.sc1.ac.uk/interactive/deep/
------------------------------
Message: 5
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 2003 10:07:55 +1100
From: Rebecca Arundel <rebecca at multilocus.com.au>
Subject: [Coral-List] Can anyone help with bleaching references?
To: <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Message-ID: <BBFCA0FB.17E1%rebecca at multilocus.com.au>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
Hi
I'm an undergraduate student and I am researching for an essay that is
reviewing recent outbreaks in coral bleaching and it's significance for
coral rejuvenation.
Does anyone know of any references that would be useful?
Thankyou
Rebecca Arundel
------------------------------
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