[Coral-List] Fw: Fwd: Barcoding zoanthids, etc.

[Zac Forsman]

Dear coral list,
 I'm forwarding this from Dr. James Reimer, my response is below:


---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: James Davis Reimer <jreimer at sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
Date: Jun 11, 2007 3:07 PM
Subject: Barcoding zoanthids, etc.
To: capman at augsburg.edu
Cc: zac at hawaii.edu


Dear Bill and Zac,

Nice to meet you to Bill and hello to Zac. I tried to post a response
similar to this on Coral List, but it never appeared, so I am emailing
you both directly. Feel free to fwd this to coral-list if you want.

Just wanted to add a couple notes to what Zac said about barcoding,
with specific reference to zoanthids. While ITS-rDNA is very useful in
zoanthids, there appears to be high variation in sequences both between
and within some zooxanthellate species, even more than Acropora. As
well, there is evidence of either or both interspecific hybridization
and ancestral polymorphism in Zoanthus, and Palythoa, so cloning is
often required (as Zac said). As I understand it, cloning goes against
what barcoding is all about...

Our group has zoanthid-specific primers for ITS, COI, and 16S, so feel
free to ask for pdfs of the papers below. We have found the best
"barcoding" approach is 16S and/or COI, with ITS as a backup to
confirm/clarify areas where resolution may be low.

Anyways, here are some references - I can supply you with pdfs of any
of these.

Sinniger F, Montoya-Burgess JI, Chevaldonne P, Pawlowski J.
2005.Phylogeny of the order Zoantharia (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia) based
on mitochondrial ribosomal genes. Marine Biology147: 1121-1128.

James Davis Reimer, Kiyotaka Takishita, Shusuke Ono, Junzo Tsukahara,
Tadashi Maruyama. 2007. Molecular evidence suggesting intraspecific
hybridization in Zoanthus(Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). Zoological Science
24: 346-359 doi:10.2108/zsj.24.346

James Davis Reimer, Satoshi Hirano, Yoshihiro Fujiwara, Frederic
Sinniger, Tadashi Maruyama. 2007. Morphological and molecular
characterization of Abyssoanthus nankaiensis, a new family, new genus
and new species of deep-sea zoanthid (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia:
Zoantharia) from a northwest Pacific methane cold seep. Inv.
Systematics 21 (3): (in press)

These are not directly related but have lots of COI/16S and some ITS
discussion...

James Davis Reimer, Shusuke Ono, Kiyotaka Takishita, Junzo Tsukahara,
Tadashi Maruyama. 2006. Molecular evidence suggesting species in the
zoanthid genera Palythoaand Protopalythoa(Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) are
congeneric. Zoological Science 23 (1): 87-94.

James Davis Reimer, Shusuke Ono, Atsushi Iwama, Junzo Tsukahara,
Kiyotaka Takishita, Tadashi Maruyama. 2006. Morphological and molecular
revision of Zoanthus(Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) from southwestern Japan
with description of two new species. Zoological Science 23 (3):
261-275.

James Davis Reimer, Shusuke Ono, Atsushi Iwama, Junzo Tsukahara, and
Tadashi Maruyama. 2006. High levels of morphological variation despite
close genetic relatedness between Zoanthusaff. vietnamensisand Zoanthus
kuroshio(Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). Zoological Science 23 (9): 755-761.

Sincerely,

Jamie


James Davis Reimer, Ph. D
University of the Ryukyus - Assistant Professor
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) -
Researcher

NEW WORK ADDRESS (from April 1, 2007):
Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science
Faculty of Science
University of the the Ryukyus
1 Senbaru, Nishihara
Okinawa 903-0213
JAPAN
Tel:++81-98-895-8542
Fax:++81-98-895-8576
e-mail: jreimer at sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp
or zoanthid at hotmail.com




-James I agree, there is no single molecular marker that has all the
answers, and the clearest picture comes from integrating information
into a phylogenetic framework.   Cloning multiple "barcodes" per each
species does seem to go against the intention of barcoding to have a
single species defining sequence... however; I think barcoders will
find there are major portions of the tree of life that COI alone will not be very useful (it's rarely used for plant, algal, or fungal systematics -- pretty big branches!! ).   
    ITS has some interesting attributes that are worth further investigation...I still think there is untapped potential here and the intragenomic variation is usually informative of past hybridization events.

  If we really want to understand patterns of biodiversity, we'll need multiple markers, and "barcoding" will come to mean "phylogenetics".

-Zac

-- 
Zac H. Forsman, Ph.D.
Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative Postdoctoral Fellow
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office
300 Ala Moana Blvd., Rm 3-122
Honolulu, Hawaii 96850








 
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