[Coral-List] 3, Coral bleaching in American Samoa
Douglas Fenner
dfenner at blueskynet.as
Fri Apr 17 17:14:08 EDT 2009
Folks,
I'd just like to add a tad of info. The bleaching I observed the other
day here at one site, while way above background, is still very light, well
under 0.1% of all corals. So I don't call it mass bleaching, but it looks
like that reef is close to the threshold for bleaching. Other sites visited
as recently as a week earlier showed no signs of bleaching, so we don't know
yet if it's just the one site. I'd add to Jim Hendee's observation about
low winds that we have been having highly unusually calm weather since about
November. It is at times interrupted temporarily by breezy days, but always
goes back to very low wind. Our director who has been here for a very long
time, cannot remember any previous period as calm as this, so this is very
unusual. Doug
----- Original Message -----
From: "Tim Wijgerde" <t.wijgerde at coralscience.org>
To: <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
Sent: Friday, April 17, 2009 5:13 AM
Subject: Re: [Coral-List] 3, Coral bleaching in American Samoa
>
>
> Dear Jim,
>
> I'm always sad to hear about coral bleaching. I think
> it is not that surprising bleaching is a lot more prominent in coral
> tissue regions exposed to ample insolation. Dan Tchernov and coworkers
> showed in 2004 that radicals may flood the coral tissue after
> thermally-induced membrane damage of thylakoid bodies in the chloroplasts
> of zooxanthellae. Thus, at high temperatures, zooxanthellae are damaged,
> and release a lot of radicals to the coral tissue when exposed to light.
> This may induce the apoptosis, autophagy and expulsion of zooxanthellae,
> as shown by e.g. Prof. Virginia Weis's group.
>
> Hope it
> stabilizes,
>
> best
>
> tim
>
>
>
> Op Vr,
> 17 april, 2009 18:00, schreef coral-list-request at coral.aoml.noaa.gov:
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>> Today's Topics:
>>
>> 1. [Fwd: Climate science
> research opportunites - Pacificregion]
>> (Mark Eakin)
>> 2. EPA requests comments on proposal to address Ocean
>>
> Acidification under Clean Water Act (Mark Eakin)
>> 3.
> Coral Bleaching in American Samoa (Jim Hendee)
>> 4. Re: Coral
> Bleaching in American Samoa (Mark Eakin)
>> 5. The global
> warming campaign (Tom Lo)
>>
>>
>>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 1
>> Date: Thu, 16 Apr 2009 12:50:10
> -0400
>> From: Mark Eakin <Mark.Eakin at noaa.gov>
>>
> Subject: [Coral-List] [Fwd: Climate science research opportunites -
>> Pacificregion]
>> To: Coral Listserver Listserver
> <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
>> Message-ID:
> <080A3B33-5491-46E6-BF38-CC0487D2B018 at noaa.gov>
>>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; format=flowed; delsp=yes
>>
>> While this job opportunity is mostly for climate
> scientists, it does
>> include jobs in the area of Ocean Processes
> including sea level rise
>> and ocean acidification.
>>
>> Begin forwarded message:
>>>
>>>
>>>> ---------------------------- Original Message
>>>> ----------------------------
>>>> Subject:
> Climate science research opportunites - Pacific region
>>>>
> From: Penny.Whetton at csiro.au
>>>> Date: Wed, April 8,
> 2009 5:08 am
>>>>
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>
>>>> Dear All,
>>>> Australia has
> just announced a new $20m Pacific Climate Change
>>>> Science
> Program (PCCSP). Numerous career opportunities for research
>>>> scientists and others have become available. Further
> details are
>>>> provided at web address below. It would be
> appreciated if you could
>>>> distribute this announcement to
> any colleagues who may find this of
>>>> interest.
>>>>
>>>> Applications should be made online at
>>>> http://www.cawcr.gov.au/jobs/PCCSP.php
>>>>
> http://www.cawcr.gov.au/jobs/PCCSP.php
>>>>
>>>>
> Applications close May 1 for research positions and April 24 for
>>>> non-research positions. Applications should address the
> selection
>>>> criteria.
>>>> Thanks very
> much.
>>>> Regards,
>>>> Penny
>>>>
> Dr Penny Whetton
>>>> Leader, Climate Change Research
> Group
>>>> Centre for Australian Weather and Climate
> Research:
>>>> A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of
> Meteorology
>>>>
>>>> Ph: +61-3-9239 4535 Fax:
> +61-3-9239 4444
>>>> Email: penny.whetton at csiro.au
>>>> Web: http://www.cmar.csiro.au/
>>>>
> http://www.cmar.csiro.au/
>>>> Mail address: Private Bag No.
> 1, Aspendale
>>>>
>>>> VIC
>>>>
>>>> 3195,
>>>> Australia
>>>>
>>
>>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> C. Mark Eakin, Ph.D.
>> Coordinator, NOAA Coral Reef
> Watch
>> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
>>
> Center for Satellite Applications and Research
>> Satellite
> Oceanography & Climate Division
>> e-mail:
> mark.eakin at noaa.gov
>> url: coralreefwatch.noaa.gov
>>
>> E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308
>> 1335 East West Hwy
>>
> Silver Spring, MD 20910-3226
>> 301-713-2857 x109
> Fax: 301-713-3136
>>
>> "Together, we must confront
> climate change by ending the world's
>> dependence on fossil fuels,
> by tapping the power of new sources of
>> energy like the wind and
> sun, and calling upon all nations to do their
>> part. And I pledge
> to you that in this global effort, the United
>> States is now
> ready to lead."
>> Barack Obama, Apr. 5 2009
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 2
>> Date: Thu, 16 Apr 2009 14:12:38 -0400
>> From: Mark Eakin <Mark.Eakin at noaa.gov>
>> Subject:
> [Coral-List] EPA requests comments on proposal to address
>> Ocean
> Acidification under Clean Water Act
>> To: Coral Listserver
> Listserver <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
>> Message-ID:
> <A66B6C16-6601-43EF-8D9B-EA277FDD4EC2 at noaa.gov>
>>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; format=flowed; delsp=yes
>>
>> This Notice of data availability (NODA) provides
> interested parties
>> with information submitted to EPA on ocean
> acidification and solicits
>> additional pertinent data or
> information that may be useful in
>> addressing this issue. In
> addition, EPA is notifying the public of its
>> intent to review
> the current aquatic life criterion for marine pH to
>> determine if
> a revision is warranted to protect the marine designated
>> uses of
> States and Territories pursuant to Section 304(a)(1) of the
>>
> Clean Water Act. The NODA also solicits additional scientific
>>
> information and data, as well as ideas for effective strategies for
>> Federal, State, and local officials to address the impacts of
> ocean
>> acidification. This information can then be used as the
> basis for a
>> broader discussion of ocean acidification and marine
> impacts. EPA also
>> requests information pertaining to monitoring
> marine pH and
>> implementation of pH water quality standards.
>>
>> See
> http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WATER/2009/April/Day-15/w8638.pdf
>> for details.
>>
>>
>>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> C. Mark Eakin, Ph.D.
>> Coordinator, NOAA Coral Reef
> Watch
>> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
>>
> Center for Satellite Applications and Research
>> Satellite
> Oceanography & Climate Division
>> e-mail:
> mark.eakin at noaa.gov
>> url: coralreefwatch.noaa.gov
>>
>> E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308
>> 1335 East West Hwy
>>
> Silver Spring, MD 20910-3226
>> 301-713-2857 x109
> Fax: 301-713-3136
>>
>> "Few challenges facing
> America, and the world, are more urgent than
>> combating climate
> change. The science is beyond dispute, and the facts
>> are
> clear..."
>> Barack Obama, Nov. 18 2008
>>
>>
>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>>
> Message: 3
>> Date: Fri, 17 Apr 2009 09:11:20 -0400
>> From:
> Jim Hendee <Jim.Hendee at noaa.gov>
>> Subject: [Coral-List]
> Coral Bleaching in American Samoa
>> To:
> coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>> Message-ID:
> <49E87FF8.6030306 at noaa.gov>
>> Content-Type: text/plain;
> charset=iso-8859-1
>>
>> Greetings,
>>
>>
> We have a report from Doug Fenner in American Samoa of a possibly
>> isolated incidence of bleaching "way above background"
> levels on the
>> slope at Aunu'u. Almost all of /Montastrea curta/
> were bleached
>> (apparently the usual first species to bleach);
> other species have
>> bleached also, but to a lesser extent.
>>
>> Our ecological forecasts ("ecoforecasts")
> for bleaching at this
>> site, taking into account "virtual
> station" data from integrated
>> satellite data products
> (satellite wind and SST; [buoy data are
>> currently offline]),
> indicate high sea temperatures over 30 (up to 31.6)
>> and low
> winds during March 14-16. (Note that these temperatures have
>>
> not been ground-truthed/validated in the field.) Bleaching was noted
> to
>> occur on the tops, more than the sides, thus indicating a
> possible role
>> of light in the bleaching response. Data and
> ecoforecasts for this site
>> can be seen here (note tab-links near
> top of page):
>>
>>
> http://ecoforecast.coral.noaa.gov/index/0/SAST1/station-home
>>
>> ....and of course for other sites (see list by clicking on the
> "sites"
>> link near the top).
>>
>>
> If you have any qualitative bleaching observations in American Samoa
>> (or anywhere, for that matter!), please advise so that we can
> fine-tune
>> our ecoforecasting capabilities in the region.
>>
>> Thanks!
>>
>> Cheers,
>>
> Jim
>>
>>
>>
>>
> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 4
>>
> Date: Fri, 17 Apr 2009 11:46:59 -0400
>> From: Mark Eakin
> <Mark.Eakin at noaa.gov>
>> Subject: Re: [Coral-List] Coral
> Bleaching in American Samoa
>> To: Coral Listserver Listserver
> <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
>> Message-ID:
> <A3DA8F6E-2A4E-473E-9142-FF48DC88280E at noaa.gov>
>>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; format=flowed; delsp=yes
>>
>> Thanks for bringing this to folks attention, Jim.
>>
>> To expand on Jim's request, our Coral Reef Watch
> products are
>> currently listing alerts for the following stations
> in that area:
>>
>> Pacific Ocean:
>> ** Central
> Pacific
>> == Samoa and Fiji
>> -- American
> Samoa-Ofu (-) No Stress (just
>> dropped from a
> Bleaching Watch)
>> -- Rose Atoll, American Samoa
> Bleaching Watch
>> -- Kambara, Fiji
> (-) No
>> Stress (just dropped from a Bleaching Watch)
>> --
> Vanua, Fiji
> (-) No
>> Stress (just dropped from a Bleaching Watch)
>>
> -- Fiji-Bequa Bleaching
>> Watch
>> -- Raratonga, Cook Islands
> Bleaching Watch
>> -- Niue
> (-)
>> No Stress (just dropped from a Bleaching
> Watch)
>>
>> -- Efate,
> Vanuatu
> (-) No Stress
>> (was recently at Alert Level 1)
>> -- Amedee, New Caledonia (-) No Stress (was
>> recently at Alert Level 2)
>> -- Arnavon, Solomon
> Islands Bleaching Watch
>>
>> This area has been
> undergoing warming as part of a large region of
>> high SSTs
> stretching from Papua, New Guinea to south of Raratonga.
>> Based
> on our seasonal bleaching outlook product, we expect to see this
>>
> stress diminish over the next few weeks. However, since many of these
>> reefs have been under thermal stress since February, some
> bleaching
>> should be evident in the region.
>>
>>
> Our seasonal bleaching outlooks can be found at:
>>
> http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/bleachingoutlook/index.html
>>
>> Current HotSpot and Degree Heating Week charts and data
> formatted for
>>
>> HDF and Google Earth can be found
> at:
>> http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/index.html
>>
>> Time series graphics for index sites can be found at:
>>
> http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/sst_series_24reefs.html
>> and
>>
> http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/experimental_products.html
>>
>> You can sign up for automated bleaching alerts at:
>> http://coralreefwatch-satops.noaa.gov/SBA.html
>>
>>
> Please report bleaching events (or non-events) at:
>>
> http://www.reefbase.org/contribute/bleachingreport.aspx
>>
>> Cheers,
>> Mark
>>
>>
>> On Apr 17,
> 2009, at 9:11 AM, Jim Hendee wrote:
>>
>>> Greetings,
>>>
>>> We have a report from Doug Fenner in American
> Samoa of a possibly
>>> isolated incidence of bleaching
> "way above background" levels on the
>>> slope at
> Aunu'u. Almost all of /Montastrea curta/ were bleached
>>>
> (apparently the usual first species to bleach); other species have
>>> bleached also, but to a lesser extent.
>>>
>>> Our ecological forecasts ("ecoforecasts") for
> bleaching at this
>>> site, taking into account "virtual
> station" data from integrated
>>> satellite data products
> (satellite wind and SST; [buoy data are
>>> currently offline]),
> indicate high sea temperatures over 30 (up to
>>> 31.6)
>>> and low winds during March 14-16. (Note that these
> temperatures have
>>> not been ground-truthed/validated in the
> field.) Bleaching was
>>> noted to
>>> occur on the
> tops, more than the sides, thus indicating a possible
>>>
> role
>>> of light in the bleaching response. Data and
> ecoforecasts for this
>>> site
>>> can be seen here
> (note tab-links near top of page):
>>>
>>>
> http://ecoforecast.coral.noaa.gov/index/0/SAST1/station-home
>>>
>>> ....and of course for other sites (see list by
> clicking on the "sites"
>>> link near the top).
>>>
>>> If you have any qualitative bleaching
> observations in American
>>> Samoa
>>> (or anywhere,
> for that matter!), please advise so that we can fine-
>>>
> tune
>>> our ecoforecasting capabilities in the region.
>>>
>>> Thanks!
>>>
>>>
> Cheers,
>>> Jim
>>>
>>>
> _______________________________________________
>>> Coral-List
> mailing list
>>> Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>>>
> http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
>>
>>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> C. Mark Eakin, Ph.D.
>> Coordinator, NOAA Coral Reef
> Watch
>> National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
>>
> Center for Satellite Applications and Research
>> Satellite
> Oceanography & Climate Division
>> e-mail:
> mark.eakin at noaa.gov
>> url: coralreefwatch.noaa.gov
>>
>> E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308
>> 1335 East West Hwy
>>
> Silver Spring, MD 20910-3226
>> 301-713-2857 x109
> Fax: 301-713-3136
>>
>> "Few challenges facing
> America, and the world, are more urgent than
>> combating climate
> change. The science is beyond dispute, and the facts
>> are
> clear..."
>> Barack Obama, Nov. 18 2008
>>
>>
>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>>
> Message: 5
>> Date: Fri, 17 Apr 2009 08:43:20 -0500
>> From:
> Tom Lo <tolope at gmail.com>
>> Subject: [Coral-List] The global
> warming campaign
>> To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>>
> Message-ID:
>>
> <b5c609e40904170643p563d3f57g96984d9d5e985581 at mail.gmail.com>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
>>
>>
> History has taught us that there is not undeniable ideas-theories, and
>> that
>> we, especially scientists, should be able to
> consider other supported
>> interpretations as valuable information
> (even if today we don't agree
>> them).
>> Continuous
> information is and should be acquired and considered on the
>>
> global warming issue, enabling actualized analyses and adaptive
> management
>> practices (which are being currently designed and
> implemented in many
>> countries); there is and will be the
> necessity of our work!!
>>
>> However, could it be that
> some people take the AGW situation as a
>> political,
>>
> economical, or even religious, campaign? Remembering an issue in
> relation
>> with this: what happened at the end with the widely
> publicized growing
>> ozone
>> layer hole? It did stopped
> growing after the CFC's laws modification or
>> the
>>
> Montreal Protocol? (I don't really know, but suppose some of you
> clearly
>> do). The important thing is that actions are to be taken
> when a threat is
>> detected, but let's not get blind or easily
> manipulated, thinking on
>> undeniable ideas about this
> transcendental subject...
>>
>> Predictions are a very
> difficult and controversial subject; even the
>> current
>>
> meteorologists fail predicting a rainy-sunny day...
>> Apologies to
> bring up this controversial issue again, with information
>>
> that
>> may be already post on the list.
>>
>>
> Saludos! and have a good day.
>>
>>
>>
> ------------------------------
>>
>>
> _______________________________________________
>> Coral-List
> mailing list
>> Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>>
> http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
>>
>> End of Coral-List Digest, Vol 8, Issue 14
>>
> *****************************************
>>
>
>
> Tim
> Wijgerde, M.Sc.
> CEO Coral Publications
> www.coralscience.org
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