[Coral-List] Comments on encounter RE: Goliath Grouper encounters

Anya Salih A.Salih at uws.edu.au
Tue Nov 6 17:05:59 EST 2012


Hi all, 
I'm a coral biologists and could be wrong but my understanding was that groupers can develop skin lesions and diseases after repeated handling by divers. I've dived at the Cod Hole on Great Barrier Reef where very large groupers, Potato Cod, were fed and touched by divers and many fish had severe skin lesions. Would this have been due to their diet or does handling and removal of surface mucus also cause skin infections? 
Regards,
Anya


Dr Anya Salih
Senior Lecturer & Scientist
Confocal Bio-Imaging Facility
School of Science and Health
Bld S9, Hawkesbury Campus
University of Western Sydney
tel: 61 2 45701452
a.salih at uws.edu.au


________________________________________
From: coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov [coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml..noaa.gov] on behalf of Martin Stelfox [martinrstelfox at gmail.com]
Sent: Tuesday, November 06, 2012 6:31 AM
To: Sarah Frias-Torres; sjk012 at knights.ucf.edu; coral list
Subject: Re: [Coral-List] Comments on encounter RE: Goliath Grouper     encounters

Dear Dr. Frias-Torres

Thank you for your response I appreciate your time.

 I would like to clearly state that I did not depict you as an
irresponsible scientist.  As I mentioned the work you are doing is
essential and you clearly have a wealth of knowledge and experience in
this area. I also agree that there are far bigger concerns facing
groupers other than physical interaction but we, as scientist,
understand the real problem at hand and how to interact with wildlife
responsibly.

 I would like to draw your attention to your target audience for the
video “ not addressed to scientists but to the SCUBA diving community
...“ I have worked with many SCUBA divers over the years and time and
time again I see divers touching marine wildlife, not just curious
fish but also marine mammals and coral species. I think SCUBA divers
are a key element in ecotourism however I do have experience with
divers copying what they see other divers or scientist do,  and that
includes touching and chasing.

Yes there are countless YouTube videos of people landing endangered
species and irresponsibly handling and also footage of divers
generally harassing marine life,  these people are the uneducated that
we need to set an example for - and this is your target audience.

 Obviously It would be better to have a group of experienced divers
interacting passively with groupers than for them to be hooked -  but
not all divers have experience or knowledge in marine interactions,
they simply copy what they see.

Best,

Martin


On Mon, Nov 5, 2012 at 7:17 PM, Jason Krumholz <jkrumholz at my.uri.edu> wrote:
> All,
> Some interesting points on both sides of this issue, and Sarah, I do see
> your argument that any portrayal of how these majestic fish can be enjoyed
> for their intrinsic value, or at least without being killed is a step in the
> right direction.  However, as one who has studied quite a bit on the
> communication of science to the general public, I think I do need to refute
> a few of your points below:
>
> 1) You are an expert diver, and a trained and practiced scientist with a
> great deal of experience working with these fish.  YOU can tell when a fish
> like this is not exhibiting aggressive behavior. YOU can tell when there is
> a lack of courtship coloration/behavior.  YOU can tell the difference
> between waiting patiently and calmly for a fish to approach you, vs.
> harassing it.  As such, YOU probably had very little, if any impact on the
> fish pictured.  John (Jane) Q. Recreational Diver is none of these things,
> and probably doesn't know enough to make the distinction.  Because you are
> an expert, video of you doing stuff like this to a certain degree carries
> the implicit 'stamp of approval' for divers & tourists to handle wildlife,
> whether you mean for it to or not.
>
> 2) Whether or not the video is appropriate, the fact that there are videos
> of people doing worse things does nothing in support of the appropriateness
> of the video.   By your logic, the people line fishing for the grouper and
> posting it on youtube could say "Check out this youtube of some guy killing
> a puppy, that's way worse, so what we did is fine by comparison."  Also, as
> above, there is a HUGE difference between 'some guy' posting a video of
> doing something, and an expert in the field doing it.  If 'some guy' takes
> steroids, nobody cares, but when pro athletes do, it's a huge deal because
> it sets a bad example, regardless of their situation.  We are the pro
> athletes of the marine ecology world (unfortunately, the sponsorship deals
> and large contracts for us appear to still be pending).  Like it or not,
> everything we do gets an extra degree of scrutiny.
>
> 3) The inquisitive behavior you document may be partially learned.  Goliaths
> can't tell if you're carrying a speargun or not, and a number of positive
> encounters with humans only reinforces to those fish that divers aren't
> harmful... but it only takes one spear.
>
> I can't say I didn't enjoy the video, and you're right, you technically
> can't stop the producer from publishing the video but at the very least, I
> would encourage the videographer to point out that, in general, it's not a
> good idea to touch wildlife, and that groupers CAN be aggressive, and the
> divers portrayed are expert scientists.
>
> My $0.02
>
> Jason
>
>
> Dear Martin and Stacy,Thank your for your comments.
> I have been working with endangered marine wildlife since 1992. As such, I'm
> aware of the perils of people interacting with wild animals, and cases where
> ecotourism can go terribly wrong. In the case of goliath groupers, we have a
> conundrum on whether we can accept a minor disturbance as an alternative to
> death. Since death is rather terminal, it seems the only logical action is
> to minimize negative effects from ecotourism.
> Perhaps the best way to resolve your concerns will be to take you scuba
> diving with the goliath groupers. Goliaths are extremely curious and
> unafraid of divers. This inquisitive behavior has been documented by many
> scientists.. In fact, it's been a major factor in increasing their
> vulnerability to extinction, as the goliaths become easy targets for
> spearfishers.
> Injury by a goliath grouper might occur when a diver attempts to feed them.
> This was not the case here. None of the scuba divers portrayed in the video
> fed the groupers. The divers did not chase after the groupers. The goliaths
> approached us on their own.
> We did not interrupt spawning activity on this night. There were no gravid
> females, and there was a lack of courtship and courtship coloration
> indicating pre-spawning behavior. And no aggression resulted from our
> activities.. You can see in the video, goliaths waiting right by the divers,
> and staying there, with no signs of stress.
> The video was produced by an independent filmmaker, who has the freedom to
> post his videos in you tube.
> Your concerns are important, but that's no reason to portray me as an
> irresponsible scientist. In youtube, you can also find many videos of
> fishers who capture goliath groupers and land them on the deck of the boat,
> for their own pleasure and to take pictures. All the time the goliaths are
> fighting in the line and the time spent out of the water, the fish are
> suffering tremendous stress and being slowly asphyxiated. Not to mention
> that these fishers are violating the "possession" terms of the current
> federal and state moratorium on goliath grouper harvest. Perhaps you can
> also share your concerns with the authors of every single youtube video
> where such violation is portrayed.
> Now, let's consider what is more stressful for the goliath groupers: to have
> a group of experienced divers not chasing you, but waiting for you to
> approach them, or to be hooked, fight for your life, get landed on the deck
> of a boat and slowly asphyxiate until someone remembers to release you back
> in to the ocean.
>
> Sarah Frias-Torres, Ph.D. Independent ScientistTwitter: @GrouperDocBlog:
> http://grouperluna.wordpress.comhttp://independent.academia.edu/SarahFriasTo
> rres
>
>
>> Date: Mon, 5 Nov 2012 14:16:39 +0000
>> Subject: Re: [Coral-List] Goliath Grouper encounters
>> From: martinrstelfox at gmail.com
>> To: sjk012 at knights.ucf.edu
>> CC: sfrias_torres at hotmail.com; coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>>
>> Dear Dr. Frias-Torres.
>>
>> As you well know, Goliath groupers are classed as critically
>> endangered and are under immense pressure due to anthropogenic stress.
>> I think that the work and research you are doing is extremely valuable
>> for the future of the species, however, I do agree with Stacy on how
>> the species interaction is portrayed in the YouTube video.
>>
>> I have worked on numerous conservation projects around the world and I
>> have worked with and educated many non scientific minded individuals
>> on current issues within marine biology. I think the most important
>> tool we have as educators is to take people on an experience that
>> completely removes them from what they are used to, bringing  in an
>> emotional experience that could change the way they perceive an
>> environment or trigger an interest which may be passed on.
>>
>> To address the problem to SCUBA divers with footage of Goliath
>> groupers being touched by scientists I think sends out completely the
>> wrong message. For the average SCUBA diver, touching organisms is
>> something they do not consider to be a problem in the ecosystem - when
>> in fact it is. Unnecessarily   disrupting natural behaviour, not to
>> mention the potential hazard to individual divers by touching
>> something they shouldn't. I agree that the video should be
>> reconsidered, as the target audience must understand that interfering
>> with an organism's behaviour and physiology is both understudied and
>> harmful to the organisms and the individual.
>>
>> Regards,
>>
>> Martin Stelfox,
>>
>>
>>
>> On Sun, Nov 4, 2012 at 4:34 PM, sjk012 <sjk012 at knights.ucf.edu> wrote:
>> > Dear Dr. Frias-Torres and Coral-listers,
>> >
>> > Is this really the message we are wanting to share with the public?? To
> approach and touch wild animals, more shockingly a Critically Threatened
> animal! I am incredibly disappointed that academics and avid divers would
> take part in this action, let alone film such an inappropriate act. And to
> top it off, post it in on a globally accessible site such a youtube.
>> >
>> > As conservationist we should be spreading the "look don't touch" and
> "keep wildlife wild" messages. Portraying these animals as gentle giants
> further threatens their population. This video clearly demonstrates that
> touching and approaching wildlife is OK, and it is NOT. While I agree this
> was an amazing opportunity to see these creatures in the wild, the
> continuous act of rubbing, touching, and "petting" these fish is
> unacceptable.
>> >
>> > Goliath groupers are ambush predators that use powerful suction to draw
> in their pray. This suction is strong enough to pull in a human's arm and
> their sharp rows of teeth can shred that person's hand and arm trying to
> remove it. These divers are very luckly they did not get injured and
> promoting this action with a video threatens other divers and threatens reef
> fish. Fish become stressed when they are touched and the mucus layer, which
> is the first line of defense against disease, is disrupted. It is quite
> possible that this invasive encounter by humans during their spawning period
> was enough to disrupt their activity that night, but the physical touching
> clearly detracted the animals risking the reproductive act and likely caused
> aggression.
>> >
>> > I highly encourage that this video is removed from youtube and that
> Dr.. Frias-torres et al. rethink the messages the video portrays...I don't
> think touching critically endangered animals during spawning, or touching
> any wild animal for that matter, will ever be a good conservation message to
> share with the public.
>> >
>> > Stacy
>> > Aquatic and Conservation Biologist
>> >
>> > ________________________________________
>> > From: Sarah Frias-Torres [sfrias_torres at hotmail.com]
>> > Sent: Friday, November 02, 2012 12:42 PM
>> > To: coral list
>> > Subject: [Coral-List] Goliath Grouper encounters
>> >
>> > Dear coral-listers
>> > Just wanted to share some extraordinary encounters with a charismatic
> coral reef fish we almost lost to extinction: the goliath grouper.
>> > We dove a wreck at night, in southeast Florida during this year's
> spawning aggregation season. We were fortunate to have a couple of
> filmmakers on board who produced this video, including the text provided in
> You Tube..
>> > The 6.5 minute video is not addressed to scientists but to the SCUBA
> diving community. An example of reaching out beyond academic research.
>> > I'm the diver with a yellow bandana around minute 5.
>> > http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G4Ho87oiUo4
>> >
>> > You can learn more about goliath groupers in my recent paper
>> > http://grouperluna.wordpress.com/2012/10/12/guilt-free-goliath-group
>> > ers/
>> >
>> > Enjoy
>> >
>> > Sarah Frias-Torres, Ph.D. Independent ScientistTwitter:
>> > @GrouperDocBlog:
>> > http://grouperluna.wordpress.comhttp://independent.academia.edu/Sara
>> > hFriasTorres
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > Coral-List mailing list
>> > Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>> > http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
>
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