[Coral-List] Two news stories about coral reefs

Wed Aug 24 15:21:20 EDT 2016

Dear Terri,

I seem to recall that there was a similar problem with jets.  They were
burning dirty fuel with a lot of Sulfur in it, and ejecting a lot of SO2
into the atmosphere.  A mixed result.  The SO2 was eating up a lot of ozone
in the upper atmosphere.  On the other hand, it also increases the albedo of
the earth.  Eventually, I think they started cleaning up the jet fuel.  I do
not know how clean it is at present.  

Cheers,

Paul

Paul W. Sammarco, Ph.D.
Professor
Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON)
8124 Hwy. 56
Chauvin, LA  70344-2110

1-985-851-2876 (tel)
1-985-851-2874 (FAX)
1-985-232-6575 (Cell)
psammarco at lumcon.edu
www.lumcon.edu

-----Original Message-----
From: Jordan-Sellers, Terri SAJ [mailto:Terri.Jordan-Sellers at usace.army.mil]

Sent: Wednesday, August 24, 2016 2:00 PM
To: Sarah Frias-Torres <sfrias_torres at hotmail.com>; Ruben van Hooidonk
<ruben.van.hooidonk at noaa.gov>; psammarco at lumcon.edu
Cc: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: RE: [Coral-List] Two news stories about coral reefs

There are emissions regulations drafted by the IMO (International Maritime
Organization). They recently (last 3 yrs?) put out a new standard for SOx
emissions for new ships under MARPOL Annex VI. The problem is that the life
of a ship can be quite long. It is built for one company/purpose and when it
is done, then it is often sold to other companies, until it finally gets to
a point where it is so old and inefficient that it too expensive to run and
then scrapped.  That may take 30-40 years.... so the ships that are being
pulled out of service today, in many cases, had keels laid in the 1970-1980
timeframe.  

http://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/PollutionPrevention/AirPollution/P
ages/Air-Pollution.aspx

>From the IMO website - "In 2012, international shipping was estimated to
have contributed about 2.2% to the global emissions of carbon dioxide
(CO2)."

The issue w ships is the type of fuel they burn. Bunker fuel (diesel). Very
dirty, very thick fuel... some shipping lines/cruise lines have modified
their hulls via design/paints to make ships more efficient moving through
the water to burn less fuel (this is done for $$ purposes), but at this
point, the real limiting factor is the fuel. Unless we want commercial
shipping to go the way of many military ships with small nuclear reactors.

-----Original Message-----
From: coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
[mailto:coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov] On Behalf Of Sarah
Frias-Torres
Sent: Wednesday, August 24, 2016 10:49 AM
To: Ruben van Hooidonk <ruben.van.hooidonk at noaa.gov>; psammarco at lumcon.edu
Cc: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Re: [Coral-List] Two news stories about coral reefs

What is the contribution of the shipping industry to global CO2 emissions? I
mean cargo ships, oil tankers, and cruise ships. Didn't they get excluded
from the regulations to reduce CO2?

Sarah Frias-Torres, Ph.D.

Twitter: @GrouperDoc
Blog: Blockedhttp://grouperluna.wordpress.com
Blockedhttp://independent.academia.edu/SarahFriasTorres

________________________________
From: coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
<coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml..noaa.gov> on behalf of Ruben van Hooidonk
<ruben.van.hooidonk at noaa.gov>
Sent: Tuesday, August 23, 2016 2:47 PM
To: psammarco at lumcon.edu
Cc: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
Subject: Re: [Coral-List] Two news stories about coral reefs

To put things in perspective:
The contribution of aircraft to global CO2 emissions has been estimated at
around 2%, the cement industry at 5%. Meat and dairy production at 18%.

Blockedhttp://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc/aviation/index.htm

Blockedhttp://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2012/05/09/emissions-from-the-cement-ind
ustry/

Blockedhttp://www.europarl.europa.eu/climatechange/doc/FAO%20report%20execut
ive%20summary.pdf

> On Aug 23, 2016, at 11:23, Paul Sammarco <psammarco at lumcon.edu> wrote:
>
> Dear Folks,
>
> This is basically correct.  One of the largest consumers and 
> combusters of petroleum hydrocarbons is our jet fleets throughout the 
> world.  The CO2 mentioned below is released primarily in the upper 
> atmosphere - at
> 25,000-35,000 ft or so.
>
> Cheers,
>
> Paul
>
> Paul W. Sammarco, Ph.D.
> Professor
> Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON)
> 8124 Hwy. 56
> Chauvin, LA  70344-2110
>
> 1-985-851-2876 (tel)
> 1-985-851-2874 (FAX)
> 1-985-232-6575 (Cell)
> psammarco at lumcon.edu
> Blockedwww.lumcon.edu<Blockedhttp://www.lumcon.edu>
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> [mailto:coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov] On Behalf Of ROSS 
> POOLEY
> Sent: Thursday, August 18, 2016 11:29 AM
> To: douglasfennertassi at gmail.com; coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Subject: Re: [Coral-List] Two news stories about coral reefs
>
> Number 1 should be, stop flying in commercial jets from all over the 
> world, emitting tonnes of co2 to see the reef.
>
>
>
> Sent from my Mi phone
> On Douglas Fenner <douglasfennertassi at gmail.com>, 18 Aug 2016 19:24 wrote:
>
> Five things we can do right now to save the Great Barrier Reef
>
> Blockedhttps://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/commentisfree/2016/j
> un/13/five-th ings-we-can-do-right-now-to-save-the-great-barrier-reef
>
> The coral die-off crisis is a climate crime, and Exxon fired the gun.
>
> Blockedhttps://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/17/the-
> coral-die-off-crisis-is-a-climate-and-exxon-fired-the-gun?CMP=share_bt
> n_tw
>
>
> Cheers,  Doug
>
>
> --
> Douglas Fenner
> Contractor for NOAA NMFS, and consultant "have regulator, will travel"
> PO Box 7390
> Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799  USA
>
> phone 1 684 622-7084
>
> Join the International Society for Reef Studies.  Membership includes 
> a subscription to the journal Coral Reefs, and there are discounts for 
> pdf subscriptions and developing countries.  Coral Reefs is the only 
> journal that is ALL coral reef articles, and it has amazingly LOW 
> prices compared to other journals.  Check it out!  
> Blockedwww.fit.edu/isrs/<Blockedhttp://www.fit.edu/isrs/>
>
> "Belief in climate change is optional, participation is not."- Jim
Beever..
>  "Everyone is entitled to their own opinion, but not to their own 
> facts."- Daniel Patrick Moynihan.
>
> Earth's hot streak continues with warmest May since at least 1880.
>
> Blockedhttps://www.yahoo.com/news/climate-just-phoning-now-may-1936348
> 23.html
>
> The political hurdles facing a carbon tax- and how to overcome them.
>
> Blockedhttp://www.vox.com/2016/4/26/11470804/carbon-tax-political-cons
> traints
>
> Solar can power more than 100 times America's current electricity 
> needs, a new report finds
>
> Blockedhttp://www.theclimategroup.org/what-we-do/news-and-blogs/solar-
> can-power-mor 
> e-than-100-times-americas-current-electricity-needs-new-report-finds
>
> website:  Blockedhttp://independent.academia.edu/DouglasFenner
>
> blog: Blockedhttp://ocean.si.edu/blog/reefs-american-samoa-story-hope
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