[Coral-List] Origin of Corals?

Christopher Jury jurycp at hawaii.edu
Tue Dec 22 00:25:56 UTC 2020 

Hi Mel,

See the paper by Bowen et al., (2013) for our modern understanding of the
origins of tropical marine biodiversity .
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169534713000359.
Long story short, there are multiple complementary processes which have the
net effect of producing high biodiversity for corals, fish, and maybe some
other critters in the coral triangle area. The primary processes
include (in no particular order) 1) the coral triangle being a center of
overlap for distinct Pacific and Indian ocean lineages, 2) the coral
triangle being a center of accumulation for species, many of which are
generated far away, such as in Hawai'i. the Eastern Pacific, and the Red
Sea, and 3) the coral triangle being a center of speciation for some groups.

Hope that helps,

Chris

On Mon, Dec 21, 2020 at 2:20 PM Christopher Jury <jurycp at hawaii.edu> wrote:

> Hi Mel,y
>
> See the paper by Bowen et al., (2013) for our modern understanding of the
> origins of tropical marine biodiversity .
> https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169534713000359.
> Long story short, there are multiple complementary processes which have the
> net effect of producing high biodiversity for corals, fish, and maybe some
> other critters in the coral triangle area. The primary processes
> include (in no particular order) 1)
>
> On Fri, Dec 18, 2020 at 1:01 PM Melbourne Briscoe via Coral-List <
> coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:
>
>> I believe I have found something helpful...Chapter 1 of
>>
>> https://wwfeu.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/climate_change___coral_triangle___full_report.pdf
>> .
>> The cite to Veron's book ultimatly led me here. Thanks to all.
>>
>> On Fri, Dec 18, 2020 at 3:28 PM Melbourne Briscoe <mel at briscoe.com>
>> wrote:
>>
>> > The citations to some articles and a book are much appreciated. Being
>> > retired, I no longer have access to the cited material, but can find a
>> few
>> > abstracts and a review of the book. Nothing much seems on point. I was
>> > hoping that the assembled experts had converged to one or a few
>> mechanisms
>> > to explain the distribution of corals, but I guess not. I get it that
>> it is
>> > easy to propose mechanisms and hard to test the ideas, but even so I
>> guess
>> > I'm surprised there has been no apparent convergence on the issue.
>> > - Mel
>> >
>> >
>> >
>> > On Wed, Dec 16, 2020 at 9:35 PM McManus, John W via Coral-List <
>> > coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:
>> >
>> >> Hi Melbourne,
>> >>
>> >> I suggest you read the following great book. It summarizes many of the
>> >> ideas proposed to explain differences in species richness around the
>> world.
>> >>
>> >>  Corals in Space and Time: Biogeography and Evolution of the
>> Scleractinia
>> >> Hardcover – April 1, 1995 by J.E.N. Veron
>> >>
>> >> Cheers!
>> >>
>> >> John
>> >> ________________________________
>> >> From: Coral-List <coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> on behalf of
>> >> Melbourne Briscoe via Coral-List <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
>> >> Sent: Tuesday, December 15, 2020 4:27 PM
>> >> To: Douglas Fenner <douglasfennertassi at gmail.com>
>> >> Cc: Coral-List <Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
>> >> Subject: Re: [Coral-List] Origin of Corals?
>> >>
>> >> Thanks for this, Doug. I guess no one else wants to weigh in! It also
>> >> seems
>> >> like no one wants to apply a little critical thinking to some of those
>> >> dozen theories. For example, your last paragraph mentions a "vortex
>> >> theory." If it has been assessed, and discarded, I'm not surprised. The
>> >> life times of coral eggs/sperm drifting across the Pacific are much
>> >> shorter
>> >> than the time it takes to get there. I can only see the abstract, but
>> the
>> >> methodology is not compelling.
>> >> - Mel
>> >>
>> >> On Sat, Dec 12, 2020 at 4:39 PM Douglas Fenner <
>> >> douglasfennertassi at gmail.com>
>> >> wrote:
>> >>
>> >> > There are about a dozen theories for the marine biogeographic pattern
>> >> with
>> >> > the center of diversity in the Coral Triangle.  I'm not up on the
>> >> current
>> >> > state of this, so I'll let others speak to it and will be interested
>> in
>> >> > what they say.  However, it just so happens that Science just
>> published
>> >> an
>> >> > article that appears to me to be relevant, even though it is about
>> birds
>> >> > and not corals.
>> >> >
>> >> > Diversity hotspots: coldspots of speciation?
>> >> >
>> >>
>> https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.sciencemag.org%2Fcontent%2F370%2F6522%2F1268&data=04%7C01%7Cjmcmanus%40rsmas.miami.edu%7Cb7f53ef55cd544cd2d5808d8a1533d6d%7C2a144b72f23942d48c0e6f0f17c48e33%7C0%7C0%7C637436726182917318%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=VMd1GEo3WWclTPz%2Fpi6blQOP3DRg%2F5t1e1jFexQRYtg%3D&reserved=0
>> >> > <
>> >>
>> https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.sciencemag.org%2Fcontent%2F370%2F6522%2F1268%3Futm_campaign%3Dtoc_sci-mag_2020-12-10%26et_rid%3D17045989%26et_cid%3D3593354&data=04%7C01%7Cjmcmanus%40rsmas.miami.edu%7Cb7f53ef55cd544cd2d5808d8a1533d6d%7C2a144b72f23942d48c0e6f0f17c48e33%7C0%7C0%7C637436726182917318%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=yFvn0JvPdlfuRBdqFXVfLaDVKGJp3Tj7WRjG8qzJxhI%3D&reserved=0
>> >> >
>> >> >
>> >> > The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot
>> >> >
>> >>
>> https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.sciencemag.org%2Fcontent%2F370%2F6522%2F1343&data=04%7C01%7Cjmcmanus%40rsmas.miami.edu%7Cb7f53ef55cd544cd2d5808d8a1533d6d%7C2a144b72f23942d48c0e6f0f17c48e33%7C0%7C0%7C637436726182917318%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=OkxNHtZqnImLaZrFsRtP3ev1ZV%2FXs1ROvZcsDQzrik8%3D&reserved=0
>> >> >
>> >> > I believe that this is the opposite pattern to have been reported in
>> the
>> >> > first publication to report the diversity pattern for corals (at the
>> >> genus
>> >> > level), Stehli and Wells, 1971.  They reported that coral genera in
>> >> > high-diversity areas were younger than in lower diversity areas.
>> >> >
>> >> > Theories of why corals show this pattern have been very difficult to
>> >> > test.  Veron 2000 shows the current map for coral species, genera,
>> and
>> >> > families, might also be on his website,
>> >>
>> https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coralsoftheworld.org%2F&data=04%7C01%7Cjmcmanus%40rsmas.miami.edu%7Cb7f53ef55cd544cd2d5808d8a1533d6d%7C2a144b72f23942d48c0e6f0f17c48e33%7C0%7C0%7C637436726182917318%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=JeIeqa9b3UWjGB9D3f%2BjIfoEdY9%2F4Q9Taay82a%2B5uIQ%3D&reserved=0
>> >> Fish
>> >> > show the same pattern as shown in Figure 14-11 on page 308 in
>> Goldberg's
>> >> > text on coral reefs, based on data from Gerry Allen.  Chuck Birkeland
>> >> > pointed out that echinoderms show a similar pattern, in his 1989 book
>> >> > chapter on "The influence of echinoderms on coral-reef
>> communities."  He
>> >> > shows in his Table 1 the data for each class of echinoderms
>> separately,
>> >> at
>> >> > 10 locations, a very strong pattern for every class.  Take a look at
>> >> this
>> >> > chapter, it is an education on echinoderms on reefs.
>> >> >
>> >> > One interesting idea was that of the "vortex model", that westward
>> >> flowing
>> >> > currents in the Pacific carried newly evolved coral species westward,
>> >> > causing them to accumulate in the western Pacific area of highest
>> >> > diversity.  Jokeil & Martinelli, 1992.  There was also a similar
>> study
>> >> that
>> >> > modeled the effect of the large number of islands and reefs
>> >> concentrated in
>> >> > the western Pacific vs the very sparse reefs in the eastern Pacific,
>> and
>> >> > reported that was sufficient to produce the pattern on its own as
>> >> well.  I
>> >> > never found that publication, does anybody know it?
>> >> >
>> >> > Cheers,  Doug
>> >> >
>> >> > Birkeland  1989.   The influence of echinoderms on coral-reef
>> >> communities.
>> >> >
>> >> >
>> >>
>> https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fprofile%2FCharles_Birkeland%2Fpublication%2F284657222_The_influence_of_echinoderms_on_coral-reef_communities%2Flinks%2F56b4c6d308aebbde1a7793c7.pdf&data=04%7C01%7Cjmcmanus%40rsmas.miami.edu%7Cb7f53ef55cd544cd2d5808d8a1533d6d%7C2a144b72f23942d48c0e6f0f17c48e33%7C0%7C0%7C637436726182917318%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=eLKvoBH9Uqen7ncj2AQEf8g7HFQDFTq3X9kvW2C%2FYaY%3D&reserved=0
>> >> >
>> >> > Goldberg.  2013.  The biology of reefs and reef organisms.  Univ
>> >> > Chicago Press
>> >> >
>> >> > Jokiel & Martinelli.  1992.  The vortex model of coral reef
>> >> biogeography.
>> >> > Journal of Biogeography.
>> >> >
>> >>
>> https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fpdf%2F2845572.pdf&data=04%7C01%7Cjmcmanus%40rsmas.miami.edu%7Cb7f53ef55cd544cd2d5808d8a1533d6d%7C2a144b72f23942d48c0e6f0f17c48e33%7C0%7C0%7C637436726182927313%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=exh%2BWl%2F2Z%2FGcbwkJZU0nhowezyfmm7ra0uyiU6QK7Q4%3D&reserved=0
>> >> >
>> >> > Stehli and Wells.   1971. Diversity and age patterns in hermatypic
>> >> > corals.
>> >> >
>> >>
>> https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload&data=04%7C01%7Cjmcmanus%40rsmas.miami.edu%7Cb7f53ef55cd544cd2d5808d8a1533d6d%7C2a144b72f23942d48c0e6f0f17c48e33%7C0%7C0%7C637436726182927313%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=hNm62rOlZZdxj0izwK%2FheJ%2FJxeM8S75RGnN0aytB4tA%3D&reserved=0
>> >> >
>> >> > On Sat, Dec 12, 2020 at 6:44 AM Melbourne Briscoe via Coral-List <
>> >> > coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:
>> >> >
>> >> >> What is the currently accepted theory for the global distribution of
>> >> >> corals?
>> >> >> Is it still the "spreading from the epicenter in the Coral Triangle"
>> >> as I
>> >> >> learned many years ago or is there a more accepted idea today?
>> >> >> thanks -
>> >> >> - Mel Briscoe
>> >> >> _______________________________________________
>> >> >> Coral-List mailing list
>> >> >> Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
>> >> >>
>> >>
>> https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcoral.aoml.noaa.gov%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Fcoral-list&data=04%7C01%7Cjmcmanus%40rsmas.miami.edu%7Cb7f53ef55cd544cd2d5808d8a1533d6d%7C2a144b72f23942d48c0e6f0f17c48e33%7C0%7C0%7C637436726182927313%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=z8MP9TQliNOeC9XfiBleKVLwmzAHOMunczwfmsHd2AE%3D&reserved=0
>> >> >>
>> >> >
>> >> _______________________________________________
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>> >>
>> >>
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>> >
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>
>
>
> --
> Christopher P. Jury
> University of Hawai'i at Manoa
> Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology
> P.O. Box 1346
> Kane'ohe, HI 96744
> Academia.edu profile <http://manoa-hawaii.academia.edu/ChristopherJury>
> Google Scholar profile
> <http://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&view_op=list_works&gmla=AJsN-F5XCN2Wpv5xaVKMvH49ZNlcyGQ9rhPTlY17Hu0OBXETn1dZp8lplT8l6DdCxoZc1BzbTHMoxJZRVRQhxFt5X8TBa4clDA&user=oLuIGVAAAAAJ>
>
>


-- 
Christopher P. Jury
University of Hawai'i at Manoa
Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology
P.O. Box 1346
Kane'ohe, HI 96744
Academia.edu profile <http://manoa-hawaii.academia.edu/ChristopherJury>
Google Scholar profile
<http://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&view_op=list_works&gmla=AJsN-F5XCN2Wpv5xaVKMvH49ZNlcyGQ9rhPTlY17Hu0OBXETn1dZp8lplT8l6DdCxoZc1BzbTHMoxJZRVRQhxFt5X8TBa4clDA&user=oLuIGVAAAAAJ>

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