[Coral-List] NOAA plan to save coral reefs

Sat Jan 4 21:42:27 UTC 2020

Good one!  You appear to be a worthy successor to Aesop!

On Sat, Jan 4, 2020 at 10:30 AM Martin Moe via Coral-List <
coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:

>  I wrote this about 6 months ago, no change yet.
>
> Surely you recall Aesop’s Fables, number 373, about how the grasshopper
> danced around all summer playing the fiddle, eating well, dancing and going
> to movies; while the ants scurried about building underground structures,
> collecting and storing food, studying agriculture technology and the
> interactions between climate and environment. The ants needed to know what
> effect their civilization will/would have on rainfall, temperature, the
> chemistry of their water, and the balance of their atmosphere. The
> grasshoppers laughed at their efforts and said, look! The sun is shining,
> water is still wet, there’s plenty of food and so much to enjoy. This
> winter thing is a total hoax. Just do what’s fun and make money, life is
> short.
>
> In these modern times of stress and strife, Aesop might have written a
> follow up to his fanciful fable that might have covered things a bit more
> broadly.
>
> Well, winter did come, as winters always do, and the ants were prepared,
> took measures to protect their investment in life, and managed to create a
> world where the ants took care of their environment, and as a result, their
> environment acknowledged their presence and took care of them. The
> grasshoppers, however, suffered mightily, most of them died because their
> environment did not produce food for them, their climate did not support
> them, and their air became heavy with carbon dioxide and scarce with
> oxygen. They appealed for help from the ants, safely ensconced in their
> protected environments, but the ants couldn’t help them without destroying
> all that they had done, so they sadly refused to help.
>
> Many, many years later, in their world, some of the ants went diving on a
> coral reef. They were excited to see many species of corals, once thought
> to be extinct, growing on the hard surfaces of ancient coral reefs. The
> waters were clean and clear, fish and invertebrates were growing and
> spawning, and the tenuous balance between the water reservoirs of lakes,
> rivers, and oceans had been strong enough to maintain a magnitude of
> photosynthetic life that kept the atmospheric balance of oxygen and carbon
> dioxide within the range that allowed for life all over the planet. They
> had seen their future, and they did what must be done to secure it.
>
> Some of the grasshoppers had survived, but now had to eke out a tenuous
> living in their world where oxygen and water were daily escaping the
> planet, oceans were invading the land, and storms were constant and floods
> invaded all the low lands. The grasshoppers also went diving, but it was
> difficult, oxygen was so scarce that most outdoor activities required
> bringing along their own supplementary oxygen supplies and outdoor events
> could only be held in certain venues where photosynthesis from surrounding
> vegetation on sunny days was high enough to allow such things. Diving on
> the remains of coral reefs, now just accumulations of rocky structures with
> a cover of hardy species of algae in dull brown, sediment rich waters were
> still attractive to divers. The diving party had to go out in a boat with a
> sealed atmosphere rich in oxygen. Upon completion of the dive and
> re-entrance into the contained atmosphere in the boat, the divers were
> excited. A few commented on the three fish that were seen, another saw a
> real crab, and another found an ancient bottle with the shell of an extinct
> snail within it. They could see their future, and it was not something that
> could be repaired.
>
> So... are we ants, or grasshoppers?
>
>
>
> It is sad to see the state of our world in these difficult times. I’m old
> now. I think I have seen our world in the best of times and in the worst of
> times. I know what my future is, and the grand finale is eminent but close
> enough that a glimmer of understanding of what life is all about is
> beginning to develop. This state of affairs is pretty much not found in the
> grasshopper views of youth. Life and Earth are not separate entities,
> although it usually seems like this is so. In a natural state this blending
> of life and Earth is not understood on an intellectual basis, it just
> happens. With humanity though, this is not the case. We know, at least in
> age, that life has a beginning and an end, and that what we do in life
> extends beyond our final moments. I fear that the grasshoppers are winning
>
>     On Thursday, January 2, 2020, 9:05:31 PM EST, Dennis Hubbard via
> Coral-List <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:
>
>  Phil:
>
> Great post. It triggered a lot of thought as I sit here stuffed with turkey
> and surrounded by family. I sense that the answer to the problem we face is
> "all of the above". The goal is how to get beyond the noise of "my problem
> (or solution) is more important than yours", or "hey - it's local (or
> global) stupid?" and actually DO something that moves us closer to a
> desired solution. I am encouraged to see that we have largely moved beyond
> the traditional arguments that weigh the relative effects of
> overconsumption in the first world and overpopulation in the third.
> However, they have been too often replaced by posts that argue over the
> primacy of global versus local problems and solutions. If anyone doubts the
> pervasiveness of these arguments, they need only go back through listserve
> posts.
>
> Steve's reference to Caroline's paper on Ka ̄ne‘ohe Bay reminded me of our
> (Caroline's and mine) simultaneous arrival at West Indies Lab in 1977. Our
> linked interests built a strong mutual respect for the interconnection of
> things physical and biological that has remained constant over the years.
> After she went to work for the "USBS", we collaborated on a number of
> projects that focused on the role of sedimentation (and watershed
> management) in the well-being of coral reefs in the USVI. Reefs are the
> ideal place to appreciate the linkages between physical and biological
> principles.... and protecting them requires that we understand that
> interdependence to "do something" EFFECTIVE.
>
> While the main objectives may be policy-directed, building on and growing
> our basic scientific understanding of "how reefs works" should still be a
> primary goal as we design the next generation of researchers and managers.
> As scientists, we can get too excited with new "discoveries" that do not
> have an immediate application. However, as managers we can also focus on
> strategies that too often prioritize perceived outcomes over understanding
> and adhering to fundamental natural laws. The solutions require both
> "applied" and "basic" science.
>
> So, let's plant more trees. Better yet, let's encourage programs that have
> a kid plant a tree. If they think of  "that tree" as "their tree", they are
> more likely to appreciate its value and, from there, the importance of
> trees and forests in general. Let's support NGOs that involve local folks
> so they don't see management as something that first-world scientists and
> managers come in and do - they will see "that reef" is "their reef" and be
> more likely to think about the importance of reefs in general - and
> appreciate how difficult it is to implement meaningful conservation
> strategies. . Let's stop arguing over what is the biggest problem and the
> best solution and, back to Phil's point, start DOING...... something.
>
> To not leave my reputation as the designated curmudgeon diminished in any
> way, I'll end with a response to your suggestion that "reefs along the US
> coastline will not have a chance until we attack the more fundamental
> issues with 2-5x the ferocity of the WW2 effort". The only war that has
> been fought by the present administration with asnythiong approaching that
> level of intensity is the "war on science". To quote the late Bob Dill,
> "good science is funded science". In the US, our commander in chief has
> gutted the funding (NSF) and administrative i(EPA) infrastructure that
> allows us to "do something about it". The latest NATO summit suggests that
> this is not limited to American government. Where is the scientific and
> intellectual equivalent to John F. Kennedy's pronouncement that "we will
> put a man on the moon by the end of the decade"? Can we do no better than,
> "Happy New Year to all, including to my many enemies and those who have
> fought me and lost so badly they just do not know what to do. Love"
>
> Best for the new year,
>
> Denny
>
>
>
> On Mon, Dec 30, 2019 at 9:53 AM Dustan, Phillip via Coral-List <
> coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:
>
> >  Steve,
> > Thanks for the pep talk
> >  NOAA has been spouting this sort of rhetoric for years and  the reefs
> > keep dying - faster and faster and now there is virtually nothing left.
> > NOAA has not paid enough attention to the basic ecology of coral reefs.
> The
> > very adaptations that allow reefs to flourish make them vulnerable to
> human
> > activity.  The scientific community has known  this for years. NOAA has
> > been told over and over but since the agency insists on commerce too - it
> > will never work out. Dollars increase and reefs suffer......Now we have
> > climate change and what is NOAA doing about it? Where is the strong
> > political will to work on the things that matter? We very well might be
> > better off planting 90 million dollars worth of trees than coral
> outplants
> > at this stage of the game. The politics are simply stronger than
> > conservation. Reefs along the US coastline will not have a chance until
> we
> > attack the more fundamental issues with 2-5x the ferocity of the WW2
> > effort; and even with that it may be too late for the Keys until sea
> level
> > rises to the point where people are excluded............. I just can not
> > understand why we are not more realistic about the current situation?
> There
> > are solutions we can work on but most are on land, not in the sea.
> >    Phil
> > ________________________________
> > From: Coral-List <coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> on behalf of
> > Steve Gittings - NOAA Federal via Coral-List <
> > coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
> > Sent: Wednesday, December 25, 2019 5:46 PM
> > To: Phillip Dustan <phil.dustan at gmail.com>
> > Cc: coral list <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
> > Subject: Re: [Coral-List] NOAA plan to save coral reefs
> >
> > CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not
> > click links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know
> > the content is safe.
> >
> >
> > Thanks for this discussion about a number of valid concerns, including
> the
> > risk of failure when local planners neglect to deal with relevant
> problems
> > that operate at scales beyond their jurisdiction or immediate priorities.
> > But I want to point out that just because the news reports don't mention
> > the full range of problems that we all know are at play doesn't mean they
> > are forgotten.  The restoration planners for the Florida Keys projects
> are
> > all concerned that climate change, as well as water quality and other
> > non-climate stressors, could prevent success.  We all know that
> restoration
> > is likely to fail without improvements in most or all of these.  As one
> who
> > is on the planning side of the table for NOAA, I can confirm that we
> > recognize the need to attack on multiple fronts, and will continue to
> fight
> > whatever battles we can.  But no matter how much money is raised to do
> the
> > restoration, it won't be enough on its own to fight the larger war to
> > protect the Keys.  We hope the restoration effort will become a rallying
> > cause, but it will take the entire coral community, and those who depend
> on
> > coral ecosystems—especially the seasoned veterans—to fight for changes
> that
> > help achieve a common goal.  So please keep pushing hard for action on
> > these issues by all local, regional and national authorities that can
> make
> > a difference.
> >
> > Happy holidays to all,
> > Steve
> >
> > On Tue, Dec 24, 2019 at 5:48 PM Phillip Dustan via Coral-List <
> > coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:
> >
> > > Hey All,
> > > As we begin about 50 years of coral reef conservation I offer the
> > following
> > > to this august group:
> > >  Insanity is described as doing the same thing over and over expecting
> a
> > > different result.
> > > We knew the drivers of coral reef destruction a long time ago, although
> > it
> > > doesn't seem that long ago.
> > > Reefs are the messengers.
> > > We are the bad guys but no one wants to step up.
> > > No government has the political will.
> > > No government agencies can really make a difference until there is
> will -
> > > or emergency
> > > Human reproductive success is driving the destruction of our only
> > > biosphere.
> > > So work at local levels where you think you can make a difference.
> > > Attack the fundamental mechanisms ,not the diversions.
> > > Mother Nature will take care of the rest.........including us.
> > > Then maybe there will be Peace on Earth.
> > > P
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > On Tue, Dec 24, 2019 at 1:42 AM Steve Mussman via Coral-List <
> > > coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:
> > >
> > > > Hi Steven,
> > > >
> > > > I just don’t understand why the effort in Florida doesn’t have the
> > > > following essential aspects of restoration front and center.
> > > >
> > > > From : Rodgers et al. (2017), Effectiveness of coral relocation as a
> > > > mitigation strategy in
> > > > Ka ̄ne‘ohe Bay, Hawai‘i.
> > > >
> > > > “Coral restoration projects are better designed and implemented today
> > > than
> > > > decades ago, but they may take the focus off the underlying problems.
> > We
> > > > need to reduce pollution, prevent erosion, and reduce carbon
> emissions.
> > > > Restoration efforts on reefs vulnerable to poor land management,
> > > pollution,
> > > > and/or continued severe bleaching may render restoration efforts
> > futile”.
> > > >
> > > > “Effective translocation and management plans should include
> reduction
> > or
> > > > elimination of watershed stressors, establishment of marine reserves,
> > > > development of integrated coastal management systems, and
> establishment
> > > and
> > > > enforcement of regulations that protect coral reefs”.
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >  The idea that addressing major stressors is paramount to the
> long-term
> > > > success of any such project appears to be based on sound science.
> > > > Conversely, any large-scale project that does not put emphasis on the
> > > > underlying problems is setting itself up for criticism to say nothing
> > of
> > > > increasing the odds of ultimate failure. Restoration is not
> inherently
> > > > folly in any sense, but if it by design takes the focus off major
> > > stressors
> > > > E.g. water quality and climate change, then it’s setting itself up
> for
> > an
> > > > inauspicious ending.
> > > >
> > > > There are reasons to support well-conceived restoration projects, but
> > > they
> > > > should be framed as a tool, not a solution. If the hype surrounding
> > these
> > > > efforts even unintentionally delays action on addressing the major
> > > > stressors one could certainly argue that they may be  doing more harm
> > > than
> > > > good.
> > > >
> > > > Regards,
> > > > Steve Mussman
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > Sent from my iPad
> > > >
> > > > > On Dec 20, 2019, at 5:50 PM, Steven Miller via Coral-List <
> > > > coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > A quick reply to counter the idea that restoration is folly, even
> > > though
> > > > > I'm a co-author on an older restoration paper with folly in the
> > title.
> > > I
> > > > > changed my mind. I wonder how many people on the list have changed
> > > their
> > > > > minds, moving from one camp to another, or abandoned belief in a
> > > paradigm
> > > > > for something that they thought was better?  That would be an
> > > interesting
> > > > > thread, but I digress.
> > > > >
> > > > > Why should anyone support coral restoration when all the stressors
> > > remain
> > > > > that got us to where we are now, and related to warming are only
> > > getting
> > > > > worse?
> > > > >
> > > > > Simply, 1)  Large numbers (tens of thousands) of corals in offshore
> > > > > nurseries (mid Hawk Channel in Florida) grow fast and are generally
> > in
> > > > good
> > > > > shape after a year or two. 2) Corals in nurseries were derived from
> > > > > survivors. That is, from wild corals that survived multiple
> bleaching
> > > and
> > > > > disease events. 3) Nursery corals also represent a genetically
> > diverse
> > > > > population, based on individuals collected across significant
> spatial
> > > > > scales and genetic analyses that confirm the diversity of corals in
> > > > > nurseries capture a significant portion of variability that exists
> in
> > > the
> > > > > wild. 5) Large numbers of nursery-raised corals can be outplanted
> to
> > > > reefs
> > > > > and despite high mortality after 5-10 years, some corals survive.
> > > > >
> > > > > So, a result of restoration work (not projects but large-scale
> > > programs)
> > > > > that can be sustained at the decadal scale is lots of corals
> > > (potentially
> > > > > thousands) on reefs where they were previously absent. Local
> > ecological
> > > > > extinction is prevented. Even better, outplanted corals have sex
> and
> > > > while
> > > > > the fate of their gametes is unknown, as more adults survive on the
> > > reef,
> > > > > perhaps recruitment will eventually result.
> > > > >
> > > > > But challenges remain, such as how to get more corals out to reefs
> > in a
> > > > > cost-efficient manner.  Some species present unique challenges, I
> > know.
> > > > > And more.
> > > > >
> > > > > The above summary is based on work from Florida, which perhaps
> > > represents
> > > > > the most challenging place to try and conduct this work. After all,
> > > > > historical baselines suggest that the best reefs were limited to
> > only a
> > > > > small percentage of total available habitat, due to things like
> > outflow
> > > > > from Florida Bay and the northern geographic limit of reef growth
> in
> > > the
> > > > > region being just south of Miami.
> > > > >
> > > > > My intent with this post is to suggest that there are reasons to
> > > support
> > > > > restoration despite the criticism of why do it in the face of
> > existing
> > > > > stressors.  If you don't think it will work, then, by all means,
> > > > critiques
> > > > > are warranted that advance the science. But understand that
> successes
> > > > have
> > > > > already occurred that suggest those who are working on restoration
> > are
> > > > not
> > > > > doing so in folly.
> > > > >
> > > > > Finally, coral restoration science is in its infancy.  In my
> opinion,
> > > > it's
> > > > > way too early to give up.
> > > > >
> > > > > Best Regards
> > > > >
> > > > > Steven Miller. PhD
> > > > > Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography
> > > > > Nova Southeastern University
> > > > >
> > > > > On Fri, Dec 20, 2019 at 4:45 PM Risk, Michael via Coral-List <
> > > > > coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > >> The entire article doesn't even mention LBSP. It's as though Brian
> > > > >> Lapointe's work had been airbrushed away...we never learn, do we?
> > > > >> ________________________________________
> > > > >>
> > > > _______________________________________________
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> > > > Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> > > >
> >
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> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > --
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > Phillip Dustan PhD
> > > Charleston SC  29424
> > > 843-953-8086 office
> > > 843-224-3321 (mobile)
> > >
> > > "When we try to pick out anything by itself
> > > we find that it is bound fast by a thousand invisible cords
> > > that cannot be broken, to everything in the universe. "
> > > *                                        John Muir 1869*
> > >
> > > *Bali Coral Bleaching 2016 video*
> > >
> > > *
> >
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> > > <
> >
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> > >*
> > > TEDx Charleston on saving coral reefs
> > >
> >
> https://nam03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DiwENBNrfKj4&data=02%7C01%7Cdustanp%40cofc.edu%7C30202a9d345644248e4b08d789ff7a62%7Ce285d438dbba4a4c941c593ba422deac%7C0%7C0%7C637129602698698502&sdata=vvuWKmLA0WPeKk6PDUVkgxG1CQCizHcU61WDIFex8MM%3D&reserved=0
> > > Google Scholar Citations:
> > >
> >
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> > >
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> >
> >
> >
> > --
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> > NOAA Office of National Marine Sanctuaries
> > 1305 East West Hwy., N/ORM62
> > Silver Spring, MD  20910
> > (240) 533-0708 (w), (301) 529-1854 (c)
> >
> >
> >
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> --
> Dennis Hubbard
> Chair, Dept of Geology-Oberlin College Oberlin OH 44074
> (440) 775-8346
>
> * "When you get on the wrong train.... every stop is the wrong stop"*
>  Benjamin Stein: "*Ludes, A Ballad of the Drug and the Dream*"
> _______________________________________________
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> Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
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> _______________________________________________
> Coral-List mailing list
> Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> https://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list

-- 
Douglas Fenner
Lynker Technologies, LLC, Contractor
NOAA Fisheries Service
Pacific Islands Regional Office
Honolulu
and:
Consultant
PO Box 7390
Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799  USA

Even 50-year old climate models correctly predicted global warmng
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/12/even-50-year-old-climate-models-correctly-predicted-global-warming?utm_campaign=news_weekly_2019-12-06&et_rid=17045989&et_cid=3113276

Greenhouse gas emissions to set new record this year, but rate of growth
shrinks
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/12/greenhouse-gas-emissions-year-set-new-record-rate-growth-shrinks?utm_campaign=news_weekly_2019-12-06&et_rid=17045989&et_cid=3113276

"Global warming is manifestly the foremost current threat to coral reefs,
and must be addressed by the global community if reefs as we know them will
have any chance to persist."  Williams et al, 2019, Frontiers in Marine
Science