[Coral-List] functional extinction of D. cylindrus on the Florida Reef Tract.

Sun May 23 14:54:25 UTC 2021

Phil,

Perhaps you're painting too rosy a picture!  Coral reefs are likely just
one break in a much greater collapse underway for Earth ecosystems.  I'm
sure I don't need to list examples for people on this list, but the
consequences of natural resource depletion to the lost civilizations of the
past may pale in comparison to the next episode.  We've taken our greed
global and I fear that the combination of thresholds already crossed and
the intransigence of human nature condemns us to a repeat performance.  It
may be time to pray for miracles.

I'm with you on the need to fix the big problems in any restoration effort
at any scale, but the Coral List is not the place for political action.
It's just a NOAA service that promotes discussion, not an organization.  We
have ICRS for action, and  NOAA rules are holding no one back there.

Steve

On Sun, May 23, 2021 at 9:11 AM Phillip Dustan via Coral-List <
coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:

> Dear Listers,
> So why is the loss of Dendrogyra from the Florida Keys  new or even
> important news?
> Humans have wrecked the Florida Keys- plain and simple.
> Reefs corals are below 2% cover, having lost about 95-98% of their
> abundance to the nested stresses of humanity.
> Lots of species are now rare or functionally extinct.
> For example, you would be very hard put to find a *Mycetophyllia ferox *or*
> M. lamarckiana* or *Scolymia cubensis* on any of the patch or outer reefs.
> Corals are so threatened that they have been taken to aquarium "safe
> houses" to avoid the most recent plague of SCTLD.
> Bioerosion is "melting"the reef framework.
> The inshore reefs are practically dead; Hens and Chickens died years ago.
> *Dendrogyra cylindrus* has simply tracked along the same path.
> And  now, NOAA is going to fix the  reefs by replanting them with super
> corals.
> Please, give me a break!
> The astonishing thing is the complacency of this august coral reef
> scientific community.
> The Florida Keys (and SE Florida) reefs exist at the margin of reef growth
> in the Western Atlantic; on the environmental fringe along the North
> America eastern coastline.
> The geography selected for tough, resilient species and it has taken them a
> long time (by human standards) to die from our greed and pollution.
> Unless the environment is "restored" to parameters that promote reef growth
> (clean water, lower temperatures, no take, etc) the trend will continue
> downwards.
> And there will be more sad stories to write and talk about.
> And one day sooner than later the reefs will be functionally extinct; as a
> matter of fact they probably are now.
> Maybe it is time for the Coral List to become more purposeful and focus on
> the real problems, rather than the little sound bites that keep popping up.
> All this degradation and death of virtually every ecosystem on Earth is
> shouting at us loud and clear that we need to fix the ecological
> infrastructure.
> Just like our decaying roads, bridges, schools, and electrical grid, the
> ecological infrastructure, the basis of our great nation, is busted.
> The loss of Dendrogyra from the Florida Keys is just the most recent tiny
> tip of the monstrous landslide that is underway.
> Imagine If all the managers, politicians, and other silent coral-list
> members were to combine with the scientists we might become a more potent
> political  force for change.
> But that would be against the "NOAA rules" that define the purpose of the
> coral list, wouldn't it.
> Maybe the Rights of Future Generations should  overide presentday politics?
> We know what the issues are and we have some pretty good ideas on what
> needs to be done.
> Our challenge is to change the political will to do the right thing.
> Phil
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Fri, May 21, 2021 at 11:21 PM Douglas Fenner via Coral-List <
> coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:
>
> > Here is the original article:
> >
> > Rapid population decline of the Pillar Coral Dendrogyra cylindrus along
> the
> > Florida Reef Tract
> >
> >
> >
> https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.656515/full?fbclid=IwAR0KOjOkmwG05p6mvQoQZrn8Wi38z4fl2UKVK7SMizV5HzwzVGCJZ6aCFIo#B52
> >
> > "Losses of 94% of coral tissue, 93% of colonies, and 86% of genotypes
> > between 2014 and the end of 2020 have led to functional extinction of *D.
> > cylindrus* on the FRT."  (FRT = Florida Reef Tract)
> >
> > "Large-scale efforts to improve water quality, and curb climate change
> are
> > also essential for creating the conditions that will allow for the
> > successful future restoration, survival, and wild reproduction of this
> > iconic and unique coral."
> >
> > Folks, I think this is the thin end of the wedge, we are seeing the
> future
> > here, and it is ugly.  The disease has spread widely in the Caribbean,
> and
> > this story is likely to be repeated over and over again across the
> > Caribbean, where the capacity to keep it alive and breed it in captivity
> is
> > less or non-existent.  If we lose coral species, we can't put Humpty
> Dumpty
> > (the coral reef ecosystem) back together again.
> >
> > This species, and *Ctenella chagius*, largely endemic to the Chagos
> > archipelago in the Indian Ocean, appear to me to be the two most
> endangered
> > coral species we know of on the planet.  *Ctenella* has had a population
> > reduction of more than 99%, and the next big bleaching event there could
> > well finish it off.  Attempts to keep it alive in captivity have failed,
> > and there is no facility for doing so in the archipelago.  Freezing sperm
> > cannot save it.  It is the only species in its genus, and there are only
> a
> > few species in its family, it is also listed as an EDGE coral.  EDGE =
> > Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered.
> > https://www.edgeofexistence.org/
> >
> > For the Ctenella story, see:
> >
> >   Coral mass mortalities in the Chagos  Archipelago over 40 years:
> Regional
> > species and assemblage extinctions and
> >
> >     indications of positive feedbacks. Marine Pollution Bulletin 154:
> > 111075
> >
> >
> > https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0025326X20301934
> >
> >
> > Included are some local coral extinctions, and references to more local
> > coral extinctions in Pacific Panama.  The extinction wave of corals has
> > begun, and it isn't pretty.
> >
> > Cheers, Doug
> >
> >
> > On Fri, May 21, 2021 at 12:17 AM Steve Mussman via Coral-List <
> > coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov> wrote:
> >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> https://www.wlrn.org/news/2021-05-19/pillar-coral-was-already-rare-on-florida-reefs-now-biologists-say-its-extinct
> > >
> > > Whether we and our politicians know it or not, Nature is party to all
> our
> > > deals and decisions, and she has more votes, a longer memory, and a
> > sterner
> > > sense of justice than we do. (Wendell Berry)
> > >
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > Coral-List mailing list
> > > Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> > > https://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
> > >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Coral-List mailing list
> > Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> > https://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
> >
>
>
> --
>
>
>
> Phillip Dustan PhD
> Charleston SC  29424
> 843-953-8086 office
> 843-224-3321 (mobile)
>
> "When we try to pick out anything by itself
> we find that it is bound fast by a thousand invisible cords
> that cannot be broken, to everything in the universe. "
> *                                         John Muir 1869*
>
> *A Swim Through TIme on Carysfort Reef*
> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCPJE7UE6sA
> *Raja Ampat Sustainability Project video*
>
> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1RR2SazW_VY&fbclid=IwAR09oZkEk8wQkK6LN3XzVGPgAWSujACyUfe2Ist__nYxRRSkDE_jAYqkJ7A
> *Bali Coral Bleaching 2016 video*
>
> *https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yxOfLTnPSUo
> <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yxOfLTnPSUo>*
> TEDx Charleston on saving coral reefs
> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwENBNrfKj4
> Google Scholar Citations:
> https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=HCwfXZ0AAAAJ
> _______________________________________________
> Coral-List mailing list
> Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> https://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
>

-- 
Dr. Steve Gittings, Science Coordinator
NOAA Office of National Marine Sanctuaries
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