[Coral-List] bleaching and acidification
William Allison
allison.billiam at gmail.com
Fri Feb 20 07:27:14 EST 2009
One such would be
Atkinson, Carlson & Crow, 1995 Coral Reefs 14; p215, which if I recall
correctly emphasizes nutrient levels (high inorganic, low organic relative
to average reef conditions) and mentions low pH in passing.
On Thu, Feb 19, 2009 at 11:59 AM, Delbeek, Charles
<cdelbeek at calacademy.org>wrote:
> The source of saltwater at the Waikiki Aquarium is an 80ft deep saltwater
> well. This water is high in dissolved nitrogen and CO2 so is heavily
> aerated
> in an adjacent aeration chamber before it is used. The pH is around 7.8 on
> exit from the aeration well, and is used in all their live coral exhibits
> and
> the corals grow extremely well. Dr. Marlin Atkinson at U of Hawaii has
> published a few papers on this system in the 1990s and Dr. Bruce Carlson
> also
> published a paper in the late 90's on the growth rate of the coral in this
> water. Perhaps they can chime in with the references which I do not have
> handy at the moment.
>
> I have always found it puzzling why more researchers have not investigated
> the corals and giant clams that have been grown in this water at this
> facility for over 30 years, since it seems to present the possible future
> situation of our ocean water.
>
> Cheers!
>
> J. Charles Delbeek, M.Sc.
> Senior Aquatic Biologist, Steinhart Aquarium
> California Academy of Sciences
> 55 Music Concourse Dr.
> San Francisco CA 94118
>
> phone (415) 379-5303
> fax (415) 379-5304
> cdelbeek at calacademy.org
> www.calacademy.org
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> [mailto:coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov] On Behalf Of Tim Wijgerde
> Sent: Wednesday, February 18, 2009 11:00 AM
> To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> Subject: Re: [Coral-List] bleaching and acidification
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> <style type="text/css">
> ->
> </style>
> Dear all,
>
>
> why not put corals in 5 small chambers at pH levels of 7,4;7,6;7,8 and 8.2
> and measure calcification. Next, subject the same corals to these values
> for 3 months or more and see how they grow. Maybe calcification rates are
> more or less equal in all conditions (ample HCO3-) but net accretion
> correlates negatively with lower pH levels (decreased arag sat, so more
> dissolution). I noticed some gaps about this in the literature. Mix this
> with different temperatures in a larger setup and the data would be very
> interesting. Maybe combine this with some microsensor measurements to
> correlate calicoblastic pH levels with decreased ambient pH (which is
> usually around pH 9 during the day at ambient pH 8.2) and we could
> distinguish between gross accretion and dissolution. It will probably cost
> significantly more ATP (energy) to allow the Ca2+/proton pumps to keep
> high calicoblastic fluid pH levels at low ambient pH.
> p.s. Dr. Muir, you will
> find arag stat maps in this paper for example by Prof. Hoegh-Guldberg;
> DOI: 10.1126/science.1152509
> Science 318, 1737 (2007);
> O.
> Hoegh-Guldberg, et al.
>
> best
>
> tim
>
> Op Wo, 18 februari, 2009 18:00, schreef
> coral-list-request at coral.aoml.noaa.gov:
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> >
> >
> > Today's Topics:
> >
> > 1. Re: bleaching and
> acidification (Paul Muir)
> > 2. CPCe V3.6 is available (Kevin
> Kohler)
> > 3. CPCe V3.6 is available (Kevin Kohler)
> >
> 4. Black cyanobacterisponge, Terpios hishinota, outbreak in
> >
> coral reefs and geographic information needed (Allen Chen)
> >
> 5. post doc position (St?phanie Reynaud (CSM))
> >
> >
> >
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> > Message: 1
> > Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2009 10:05:01
> +1000
> > From: "Paul Muir"
> <paul.muir at qm.qld.gov.au>
> > Subject: Re: [Coral-List]
> bleaching and acidification
> > To: "coral-list
> coral-list" <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
> >
> Message-ID:
> >
> <BB9E9CCBC5617F4B9FB988E8553C377D238BC1 at mtqfp02.mtq.qm.qld.gov.au>
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"
> >
>
> >
> > Are there maps of aragonite saturation/ carbonate
> equilibrium for ocean
> > areas? On a trip to the Indian Ocean in
> 2005 we were quite struck by
> > differences in apparent growth
> rates of Acroporas after the '98
> > bleaching event at different
> locations. In the Maldives growth after
> > mass mortality was
> apparently rapid (ie new colonies 2- 3m diameter)
> > while at a
> similar latitude in the Seychelles the maximum colony size
> > of
> Acroporas was approx 25 cm. We did wonder if these apparent
> >
> differences in growth rates were partly due to differences in aragonite
> > saturation since both locations appeared quite similar in terms of
> being
> > oceanic reefs with minimal human impact.
> >
> >
> > Dr. Paul Muir
> > Museum of Tropical
> Queensland,
> > 78-104 Flinders St,
> > Townsville QLD 4810
> Australia.
> > ph. 07 47 260 642 fax. 07 47 212 093 mob. 0407 117
> 998
> >
> > * if no reply or problems sending try
> paularwen at gmail.com
> >
> >
> >
> >
> -----Original Message-----
> > From:
> coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> >
> [mailto:coral-list-bounces at coral.aoml.noaa.gov] On Behalf Of Thomas
> > Goreau
> > Sent: Tuesday, 17 February 2009 3:11 AM
> >
> To: Chris Langdon
> > Cc: coral-list coral-list
> > Subject:
> [Coral-List] bleaching and acidification
> >
> > Dear
> Chris,
> >
> > I fully agree with what you say below based on
> lab studies. The Elat
> > field data of Silverman et al. clearly
> showing less net calcium
> > carbonate accumulation when waters have
> higher pCO2 makes this even
> > clearer.
> >
> >
> However this small reduction must be contrasted with the fact that
> > bleached corals completely stop growing (Goreau & Macfarlane)
> or
> > reproducing (Szmant-Froelich) for at least one year, and it
> takes a
> > couple years to fully recover even if they survive and
> high temperatures
> > don't ever come back.......
> >
> > Best wishes,
> > Tom
> >
> > Thomas J. Goreau,
> PhD
> > President, Global Coral Reef Alliance
> > Coordinator,
> United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development
> > Partnership
> in New Technologies for Small Island Developing States
> > 37
> Pleasant Street, Cambridge MA 02139
> > 617-864-4226
> >
> goreau at bestweb.net
> > http://www.globalcoral.org
> >
> > Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2009 17:49:56 -0500 (EST)
> > From:
> "Chris Langdon" <clangdon at rsmas.miami.edu>
> >
> Subject: [Coral-List] Bleaching vs acidification
> > To:
> coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> > Message-ID:
> >
> <2975.129.171.118.2.1234738196.squirrel at webmail.rsmas.miami.edu>
> > Content-Type: text/plain;charset=iso-8859-1
> >
> > It
> is very clear that bleaching events have resulted in significant loss
> > of live coral cover around the globe. We know that within the
> > environmentally probable range of pH that coral mortality does
> not
> > result.
> > However, acidification may play an
> important role in the amount of
> > recovery that is possible
> between bleaching events which have been
> > occurring with a
> frequency of 3-7 years since 1982. The average
> > saturation state
> of the tropical ocean has dropped from a pre-industrial
> > value
> of
> > 4.6
> > to a present day value of 3.9-4.0. This is
> sufficient to have caused on
> > average a 17% decrease in
> calcification for the twelve or so species
> > that have been
> studied in the lab. In a world where the balance between
> >
> production and loss of carbonate on many reefs is thought to be close
> > and where the replacement rate of new coral colonies on many reefs
> is
> > not keeping up with the rate of mortality a 17% reduction in
> fitness may
> > be significant. While acidification does not kill
> corals it does result
> > in slower development of coral larvae into
> juvenile colonies (Albright
> > et al.
> > 2008) and slower
> development of juvenile colonies to sexual maturity.
> > While
> bleaching is a very important threat I don't we know enough at
> >
> this time to ignore the possibility that acidification has already
> > played a role in the lack of recovery that we are seeing on many
> reefs.
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
> > Chris Langdon
> > Assoc. Professor
> > RSMAS/MBF
> > Uni. of Miami
> > 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy
> > Miami,FL
> 33149
> > Ph: 305-421-4614
> > Fax: 305-421-4239
> >
> _______________________________________________
> > Coral-List
> mailing list
> > Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> >
> http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
> >
> >
> > ------------------------------
> >
> >
> Message: 2
> > Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2009 12:15:02 -0500
> > From:
> Kevin Kohler <kevin at nova.edu>
> > Subject: [Coral-List] CPCe
> V3.6 is available
> > To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> >
> Message-ID: <5.1.0.14.2.20090217121101.014fcb38 at pop.nova.edu>
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
> >
>
> >
> >
> > ------------------------------
> >
>
> > Message: 3
> > Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2009 13:09:35 -0500
> > From: Kevin Kohler <kevin at nova.edu>
> > Subject:
> [Coral-List] CPCe V3.6 is available
> > To:
> coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> > Message-ID:
> <5.1.0.14.2.20090217130638.01695ba8 at pop.nova.edu>
> >
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; format=flowed
> >
> > Dear Coral Lister,
> >
> > The National Coral Reef
> Institute (NCRI) of Nova Southeastern University
> > is
> >
> pleased to announce the availability of Version 3.6 of CPCe (Coral
> Point
> > Count with Excel extensions). CPCe is a Windows-based
> program that
> > provides
> > for the determination of coral
> cover and diversity using transect
> > photographs and the random
> point count method. It can also perform image
> > calibration and
> area analysis.
> >
> > Improvements in V3.6 include:
> >
> > Two additional Excel analysis sheets
> > Ability
> to assemble accumulated lengths in area analysis
> > Excel files
> have greater Office 2007 compatibility
> > File sequencer allows
> bulk image renaming
> > User option for expanding small images
> > Help file is now Vista compatible
> > Reference images for
> supplied data codes
> >
> > CPCe is provided by NCRI free of
> charge for interested researchers. More
> > information is available
> at http://www.nova.edu/ocean/cpce/
> >
> >
> >
> Kevin
> > ----------------------------------------------------
> > Kevin E. Kohler <kevin at nova.edu>
> > Director of
> Computing Services
> > National Coral Reef Institute
> (www.nova.edu/ncri)
> > Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic
> Center (www.nova.edu/ocean)
> > 8000 North Ocean Drive Dania Beach,
> Florida 33004
> > Ph: 954.262.3641 Fax: 954.262.4158
> >
> >
> >
> > ------------------------------
> >
> > Message: 4
> > Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2009 13:49:30 +0800
> > From: Allen Chen <cac at gate.sinica.edu.tw>
> > Subject:
> [Coral-List] Black cyanobacterisponge, Terpios hishinota,
> >
> outbreak in coral reefs and geographic information needed
> > To:
> coral-list coral-list <coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov>
> >
> Message-ID:
> <14093016-B712-4969-9BED-1A3001931161 at gate.sinica.edu.tw>
> >
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; delsp=yes;
> format=flowed
> >
> > Dear Listers,
> >
> > I am looking for the
> new information, particularly in the Pacific
> > Islands and other
> Indo-Pacific region, about the outbreak of black
> >
> cyanobacterisponge, Terpios hishinota. This sponge overgrows hard
> > corals and any hard substrate when it goes. Outbreak of Teripos
> was
> > observed in Guam at early 1970s, and in Okinawa at mid
> 1980s. Until
> > now, some of the coral reef areas are still covered
> by black turf-
> > like sponge for such long time, according to the
> status report in 2004.
> >
> > In Taiwan, we have observed
> the outbreak in the islands at the east
> > coast since 2006. for
> the preliminary information, please refer to
> > this paper.
> >
> > "The Black Disease of Reef-Building Corals at Green
> Island, Taiwan -
> > Outbreak of a Cyanobacteriosponge, Terpios
> hoshinota (Suberitidae;
> > Hadromerida). Zoological Studies 46(4):
> 520 (http://
> > zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/464.htm)"
> >
> > We are organising an integrative project to study this sponge
> species
> > and the mechanism in killing corals. We would like to
> get more
> > information, particularly those islands or reefs that
> Terpios
> > hishinota have been observed but not been reported by
> the
> > documentation. One of the research topic is to figure out
> the sexual
> > and asexual sources and where does the terpios in
> Taiwan come from
> > and go using population genetic approaches. So,
> any information
> > related to this cyanobacterisponge will be
> grateful appreciated.
> >
> > Cheers, Allen
> > Allen
> Chen, PhD
> > Associate Research Fellow
> > BRC-AS, TAIWAN
> >
> >
> >
> > ------------------------------
> >
> > Message: 5
> > Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2009 16:14:34
> +0100
> > From: "St?phanie Reynaud (CSM)"
> <sreynaud at centrescientifique.mc>
> > Subject: [Coral-List]
> post doc position
> > To: coral-list at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> >
> Message-ID:
> >
> <A681EEFB-7B8F-4FAB-9F67-397552B2DACB at centrescientifique.mc>
> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed;
> delsp=yes
> >
> > Dear colleagues,
> >
> > I
> would like to draw your attention to a postdoctoral research
> >
> fellowship opportunity at the Centre Scientifique de Monaco directed
> > by Prof. Denis Allemand (CSM; http://www.centrescientifique.mc).
> >
> > You will join the team of Ecophysiology to study deep
> sea corals. The
> > candidate will focus his (her) study on growth
> rates and nutrition
> > under different environmental conditions.
> > This study will be made in collaboration with Covadonga Orejas and
> the
> > team of the CSIC in Barcelona.
> >
> >
> Selection criteria include:
> > * A PhD in relevant disciplines,
> > * An excellent publication record for stage of career,
> > *
> the knowledge of coral/deep coral biology or food web interactions and
> > * Capacity to bring fresh approaches to this study that will
> > complement existing areas of strength in the Scientific Centre.
> >
> > The position will be available in June 2009. Appointment
> will be
> > through May-June 2010 in the first instance.
> Applications will be
> > accepted until end of fMarch 2009.
> >
> > Enquiries to:
> > Dr. C. Pag?s
> (ferrier at centrescientifique.mc) or Prof. Denis Allemand
> >
> (allemand at centrescientifique.mc
> > )
> >
> > To apply,
> please forward a CV, email addresses of 3 potential
> > referees,
> and a 1-2 pages description of a research project.
> >
> >
>
> >
> >
> >
> >
> ------------------------------
> >
> >
> _______________________________________________
> > Coral-List
> mailing list
> > Coral-List at coral.aoml.noaa.gov
> >
> http://coral.aoml.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/coral-list
> >
> > End of Coral-List Digest, Vol 6, Issue 20
> >
> *****************************************
> >
>
>
> Tim
> Wijgerde, M.Sc.
> CEO Coral Publications
> www.coralscience.org
> www.koraalwetenschap.nl
> (Mozilla Firefox optimized)
> info at coralscience.org
>
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