[Coral-List] algae crowding out corals; cora=l restoration review

[Douglas Fenner]

Algae outbreaks around the world are crowding out corals
Already-stressed reefs face a red menace

https://www.science.org/content/article/algal-outbreaks-around-world-are-crowding-out-corals?utm_source=sfmc


Principles for coral reef restoration in the anthropocene

*SUMMARY:  Coral reefs are critically important ecosystems that support
coastal societies and economies throughout the tropical oceans. However,
many of the word’s coral reefs are already seriously degraded, especially
by over-fishing, pollution, and anthropogenic climate change. Consequently,
a resurgence of ecological restoration programs is underway in an attempt
to halt or reverse reef degradation and to develop new approaches in
anticipation of further declines in coming decades. Some forms of
rehabilitation of assemblages of corals may be feasible, affordable, and
ethical—using currently available methods and capabilities—for very small
areas (typically 1 km2 ) of high economic value, such as tourist sites.
However, our review of the current and proposed restoration interventions
indicates that more ambitious outcomes remain elusive and may even be
counter-productive. In light of these challenges, we provide
recommendations and a conceptual framework to guide future restoration
projects and emerging approaches, highlighting that coral restoration is
likely to continue to fail even at small scales unless climate change and
other anthropogenic impacts are urgently reduced.*

https://www.cell.com/one-earth/pdf/S2590-3322(23)00189-6.pdf

open-access

Cheers, Doug

-- 
Douglas Fenner
Lynker Technologies, LLC, Contractor
NOAA Fisheries Service
Pacific Islands Regional Office
Honolulu
and:
Coral Reef Consulting
PO Box 997390
Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799-6298  USA

Huge expansion of fossil fuels planned, will be very destructive
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/nov/08/insanity-petrostates-planning-huge-expansion-of-fossil-fuels-says-un-report

"without policy changes, the world will heat up enough by the end of the
century that more than 2 billion people will live in life-threatening hot
climates"         Will you be in that area???
https://www.yahoo.com/news/scientists-sounding-alarm-dangerous-problem-123000792.html

World subsidies for fossil fuels reached an all-time high of over $1
TRILLION in 2022, the last year for which data is available.  The subsidies
MUST end.

https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/fossil-fuel-subsidies-must-end/